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arXiv 0912.5348math.GTmath.CO
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自由结与奇偶校验

Free Knots and Parity

Vassily Olegovich Manturov

摘要:

我们考虑具有{ \em奇偶性}的纽结理论:根据某种普遍规则,每个交叉被判定为{ \em奇}或{ \em偶}.如果这条规则满足一些简单的公理下的行为Reidemeister移动,这导致了一种可能性,建设新的不变量和证明极小性和非平凡性定理的结从这些类,并构建地图从结到结。我们的主要例子是虚结理论及其简化,{ \em自由纽结理论}。利用高斯图,我们证明了非平凡自由纽结的存在性(Turaev猜想的反例),并构造了简单而深刻的宇称不变量。一些不变量在类图对象中取值,另一些不变量在群中取值。我们讨论应用程序的奇偶校验虚拟结和扩展著名的不变量的方式。经典纽结的非平凡宇称的存在性仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。

英文摘要:

We consider knot theories possessing a {\em parity}: each crossing is decreed {\em odd} or {\em even} according to some universal rule. If this rule satisfies some simple axioms concerning the behaviour under Reidemeister moves, this leads to a possibility of constructing new invariants and proving minimality and non-triviality theorems for knots from these classes, and constructing maps from knots to knots. Our main example is virtual knot theory and its simplifaction, {\em free knot theory}. By using Gauss diagrams, we show the existence of non-trivial free knots (counterexample to Turaev's conjecture), and construct simple and deep invariants made out of parity. Some invariants are valued in graph-like objects and some other are valued in groups. We discuss applications of parity to virtual knots and ways of extending well-known invariants. The existence of a non-trivial parity for classical knots remains an open problem.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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