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arXiv 0911.5208astro-ph.CO
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单历元维里黑洞质量估计中的不确定性对观测到的黑洞-膨胀标度关系演化的影响

The Impact of the Uncertainty in Single-Epoch Virial Black Hole Mass Estimates on the Observed Evolution of the Black Hole - Bulge Scaling Relations

Yue Shen, Brandon C. Kelly

摘要:

最近的观测黑洞(BH)的球标度关系通常报告正的红移演化,与高红移星系窝藏更多的质量黑洞比预期的本地关系。所有这些研究都集中在宽线类星体的BH质量估计维里估计的基础上单历元谱。由于样本的选择主要基于类星体的光度,黑洞-球丘关系中的宇宙散射引入了一个统计偏差,导致平均而言,在高红移的星系属性下,更大质量的黑洞(Lauer et al. 2007)。我们在这里强调了以前未被充分认识的统计偏差,这是由单历元维里BH质量估计值的不确定性和潜在的(真实的)BH质量函数的形状造成的,这导致平均高估了高质量端的真实BH质量(Shen et al. 2008)。我们证明,后者维里质量偏差可以贡献大量的BH质量在固定的凸起属性,可与劳尔等人观察到的过剩。维里质量偏置与劳尔等人的偏置无关,因此如果这两种偏置都起作用,它们可以在很大程度上(甚至完全)解释在高红移下观测到的BH质量过剩。

英文摘要:

Recent observations of the black hole (BH) - bulge scaling relations usually report positive redshift evolution, with higher redshift galaxies harboring more massive BHs than expected from the local relations. All of these studies focus on broad line quasars with BH mass estimated from virial estimators based on single-epoch spectra. Since the sample selection is largely based on quasar luminosity, the cosmic scatter in the BH-bulge relation introduces a statistical bias leading to on average more massive BHs given galaxy properties at high redshift (Lauer et al. 2007). We here emphasize a previously under-appreciated statistical bias resulting from the uncertainty of single-epoch virial BH mass estimators and the shape of the underlying (true) BH mass function, which leads to on average overestimation of the true BH masses at the high-mass end (Shen et al. 2008). We demonstrate that the latter virial mass bias can contribute a substantial amount to the observed excess in BH mass at fixed bulge properties, comparable to the Lauer et al. bias. The virial mass bias is independent of the Lauer et al. bias, hence if both biases are at work, they can largely (or even fully) account for the observed BH mass excess at high redshift.

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