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arXiv 0910.1141astro-ph.COastro-ph.HE
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AGN硬X射线光度函数的演化

The evolution of the hard X-ray luminosity function of AGN

J. Aird, K. Nandra, E. S. Laird, A. Georgakakis, M. L. N. Ashby, P. Barmby, A. L. Coil, J. -S. Huang, A. M. Koekemoer, C. C. Steidel, C. N. A. Willmer

摘要:

本文对活动星系核2- 10 keV X射线光度函数(XLF)的演化进行了新的观测测定。我们利用了一些调查的数据,包括2 Ms Chandra Deep Fields和AEGIS-X 200 ks调查,从而能够准确测量XLF暗端的演变。我们结合直接,硬X射线选择和光谱后续或光度红移估计在z<1.2与休息帧紫外颜色预选方法在更高的红移,以避免与光度红移的灾难性失败相关的偏见。只有强大的光学对应X射线源被认为是使用似然比匹配技术。贝叶斯方法的发展,考虑红移概率分布,结合选择功能,我们的高红移样本,并允许强大的比较不同的进化模型。我们发现XLF在所有红移处都保持相同的形状,但在z~1处经历了强烈的光度演化,并且随着红移的增加,密度总体上呈现负的演化,因此在早期的演化中占主导地位。我们没有发现证据表明,亮度依赖的密度演化,以及相关的平坦化的暗端斜率,是需要描述的XLF的演变。我们发现低光度,高红移活动星系核的空间密度显着高于以前的研究,和一个较小的移动的峰值的数密度较低的红移随着光度降低。活动星系核的总光度密度在z=1.2+/-0.1处达到峰值,但在较高的红移处有轻微的下降。我们发现大于50%的黑洞生长发生在z>1处,其中大约一半发生在Lx<10^44 erg/s的活动星系核中。

英文摘要:

We present new observational determinations of the evolution of the 2-10keV X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of AGN. We utilise data from a number of surveys including both the 2Ms Chandra Deep Fields and the AEGIS-X 200ks survey, enabling accurate measurements of the evolution of the faint end of the XLF. We combine direct, hard X-ray selection and spectroscopic follow-up or photometric redshift estimates at z<1.2 with a rest-frame UV colour pre-selection approach at higher redshifts to avoid biases associated with catastrophic failure of the photometric redshifts. Only robust optical counterparts to X-ray sources are considered using a likelihood ratio matching technique. A Bayesian methodology is developed that considers redshift probability distributions, incorporates selection functions for our high redshift samples, and allows robust comparison of different evolutionary models. We find that the XLF retains the same shape at all redshifts, but undergoes strong luminosity evolution out to z~1, and an overall negative density evolution with increasing redshift, which thus dominates the evolution at earlier times. We do not find evidence that a Luminosity-Dependent Density Evolution, and the associated flattening of the faint-end slope, is required to describe the evolution of the XLF. We find significantly higher space densities of low-luminosity, high-redshift AGN than in prior studies, and a smaller shift in the peak of the number density to lower redshifts with decreasing luminosity. The total luminosity density of AGN peaks at z=1.2+/-0.1, but there is a mild decline to higher redshifts. We find >50% of black hole growth takes place at z>1, with around half in Lx<10^44 erg/s AGN.

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