We investigate $(d+1)$-dimensional quasilinear systems which are integrable by the method of hydrodynamic reductions. In the case $d\geq 3$ we formulate a conjecture that any such system with an irreducible dispersion relation must be linearly degenerate. We prove this conjecture in the 2-component case, providing a complete classification of multi-dimensional integrable systems in question. In particular, our results imply the non-existence of 2-component integrable systems of hydrodynamic type for $d\geq 6$.
In the second half of the paper we discuss a numerical and analytical evidence for the impossibility of the breakdown of smooth initial data for linearly degenerate systems in 2+1 dimensions.
In the article a classification method for nonlinear integrable equations with three independent variables is discussed based on the notion of the integrable reductions. We call the equation integrable if it admits a large class of reductions being Darboux integrable systems of hyperbolic type equations with two independent variables. The most natural and convenient object to be studied within the frame of this scheme is the class of two dimensional lattices generalizing the well-known Toda lattice. In the present article we deal with the quasilinear lattices of the form $u_{n,xy}=α(u_{n+1} ,u…
A (2+1)-dimensional quasilinear system is said to be `integrable' if it can be decoupled in infinitely many ways into a pair of compatible n-component one-dimensional systems in Riemann invariants. Exact solutions described by these reductions, known as nonlinear interactions of planar simple waves, can be viewed as natural dispersionless analogs of n-gap solutions. It is demonstrated that the requirement of the existence of 'sufficiently many' n-component reductions provides the effective classification criterion. As an example of this approach we classify integrable (2+1)-dimensional systems…
We study normal forms of scalar integrable dispersive (non necessarily Hamiltonian) conservation laws via the Dubrovin-Zhang perturbative scheme. Our computations support the conjecture that such normal forms are parametrised by infinitely many arbitrary functions that can be identified with the coefficients of the quasilinear part of the equation. More in general, we conjecture that two scalar integrable evolutionary PDEs having the same quasilinear part are Miura equivalent. This conjecture is also consistent with the tensorial behaviour of these coefficients under general Miura transformati…
We describe the point and contact equivalence groupoids of an important class of two-dimensional quasilinear hyperbolic equations. In particular, we prove that this class is normalized in the usual sense with respect to point transformations, and its contact equivalence groupoid is generated by the first-order prolongation of its point equivalence groupoid, the contact vertex group of the wave equation and a family of contact admissible transformations between trivially Darboux-integrable equations.
In this paper we show that integrable four dimensional linearly degenerate equations of second order possess infinitely many three dimensional hydrodynamic reductions. Furthermore, they are equipped infinitely many conservation laws and higher commuting flows. We show that the dispersionless limits of nonlocal KdV and nonlocal NLS equations (the so-called Breaking Soliton equations introduced by O.I. Bogoyavlenski) are one and two component reductions (respectively) of one of these four dimensional linearly degenerate equations.
This paper is devoted to a description of integrable Hamiltonian hydrodynamic chains associated with Dorfman Poisson brackets. Three main classes of these hydrodynamic chains are selected. Generating functions of conservation laws and commuting flows are found. Hierarchies of these Hamiltonian hydrodynamic chains are extended on negative moments and negative time variables. Corresponding three dimensional quasilinear equations of the second order are presented.
In this paper we introduce a new property of two-dimensional integrable systems -- existence of infinitely many local three-dimensional conservation laws for pairs of integrable two-dimensional commuting flows. Infinitely many three-dimensional local conservation laws for the Korteweg de Vries pair of commuting flows and for the Benney commuting hydrodynamic chains are constructed. As a by-product we established a new method for computation of local conservation laws for three-dimensional integrable systems. The Mikhalev equation and the dispersionless limit of the Kadomtsev--Petviashvili equa…
Conservation laws vanishing along characteristic directions of a given system of PDEs are known as characteristic conservation laws, or characteristic integrals. In 2D, they play an important role in the theory of Darboux-integrable equations. In this paper we discuss characteristic integrals in 3D and demonstrate that, for a class of second-order linearly degenerate dispersionless integrable PDEs, the corresponding characteristic integrals are parametrised by points on the Veronese variety.
We classify all integrable 3-dimensional scalar discrete quasilinear equations Q=0 on an elementary cubic cell of the 3-dimensional lattice. An equation Q=0 is called integrable if it may be consistently imposed on all 3-dimensional elementary faces of the 4-dimensional lattice. Under the natural requirement of invariance of the equation under the action of the complete group of symmetries of the cube we prove that the only nontrivial (non-linearizable) integrable equation from this class is the well-known dBKP-system. (Version 2: A small correction in Table 1 (p.7) for n=2 has been made.) (Ve…
Let (M,ω) be a symplectic 2n-manifold and h_1,...,h_n be functionally independent commuting functions on M. We present a geometric criterion for a singular point P\in M (i.e. such that {dh_i(P)}_{i=1}^n are linearly dependent) to be non-degenerate in the sence of Vey-Eliasson. Then we apply Fomenko's theory to study the neighborhood U of the singular Liouville fiber containing saddle-saddle singularities of the Manakov top. Namely, we describe the singular Liouville foliation on U and the `Bohr-Sommerfeld' lattices on the momentum map image of U. A relation with the quantum Manakov top studied…
After extending the Clarkson-Kruskal's direct similarity reduction ansatz to a more general form, one may obtain various new types of reduction equations. Especially, some lower dimensional turbulence systems or chaotic systems may be obtained from the general type of similarity reductions of a higher dimensional Lax integrable model. Especially, the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation and an arbitrary three order quasilinear equation which includes the Korteweg de-Vries Burgers equation and the general Lorenz equation as two special cases are obtained from the reductions of the (2+1)-dimensional di…
We show that matrix $Q\times Q$ Self-dual type $S$-integrable Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) possess a family of lower-dimensional reductions represented by the matrix $ Q \times n_0 Q$ quasilinear first order PDEs solved in \cite{SZ1} by the method of characteristics. In turn, these PDEs admit two types of available particular solutions: (a) explicit solutions and (b) solutions described implicitly by a system of non-differential equations. The later solutions, in particular, exhibit the wave profile breaking. Only first type of solutions is available for (1+1)-dimensional nonlinear $S…
We classify integrable third order equations in 2+1 dimensions which generalize the examples of Kadomtsev-Petviashvili, Veselov-Novikov and Harry Dym equations. Our approach is based on the observation that dispersionless limits of integrable systems in 2+1 dimensions possess infinitely many multi-phase solutions coming from the so-called hydrodynamic reductions. %Conversely, the requirement of the existence of hydrodynamic reductions proves to be an efficient classification criterion. In this paper we adopt a novel perturbative approach to the classification problem. Based on the method of hy…
We consider evolutionary equations of the form $u_t=F(u, w)$ where $w=D_x^{-1}D_yu$ is the nonlocality, and the right hand side $F$ is polynomial in the derivatives of $u$ and $w$. The recent paper \cite{FMN} provides a complete list of integrable third order equations of this kind. Here we extend the classification to fifth order equations. Besides the known examples of Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP), Veselov-Novikov (VN) and Harry Dym (HD) equations, as well as fifth order analogues and modifications thereof, our list contains a number of equations which are apparently new. We conjecture that o…
Macroscopic dynamics of soliton gases can be analytically described by the thermodynamic limit of the Whitham equations, yielding an integro-differential kinetic equation for the density of states. Under a delta-functional ansatz, the kinetic equation for soliton gas reduces to a non-diagonalisable system of hydrodynamic type whose matrix consists of several 2x2 Jordan blocks. Here we demonstrate the integrability of this system by showing that it possesses a hierarchy of commuting hydrodynamic flows and can be solved by an extension of the generalised hodograph method. Our approach is a gener…
We extend some of the results proved for scalar equations in [3,4], to the case of systems of integrable conservation laws. In particular, for such systems we prove that the eigenvalues of a matrix obtained from the quasilinear part of the system are invariants under Miura transformations and we show how these invariants are related to dispersion relations. Furthermore, focusing on one-parameter families of dispersionless systems of integrable conservation laws associated to the Coxeter groups of rank $2$ found in [1], we study the corresponding integrable deformations up to order $2$ in the d…
We consider the pairs of general weakly non-local Poisson brackets of Hydrodynamic Type (Ferapontov brackets) and the corresponding integrable hierarchies. We show that under the requirement of non-degeneracy of the corresponding "first" pseudo-Riemannian metric $g_{(0)}^{νμ}$ and also some non-degeneracy requirement for the nonlocal part it is possible to introduce a "canonical" set of "integrable hierarchies" based on the Casimirs, Momentum functional and some "Canonical Hamiltonian functions". We prove also that all the "Higher" "positive" Hamiltonian operators and the "negative" symplectic…
The first example of the so-called "coupled" integrable hydrodynamic chain is presented. Infinitely many commuting flows are derived. Compatibility conditions of the first two of them lead to the remarkable Manakov--Santini system. Integrability of this four component three dimensional quasilinear system of the first order as well as the coupled hydrodynamic chain is proved by the method of hydrodynamic reductions. In comparision with a general case considered by E.V. Ferapontov and K.R. Khusnutdinova, in this degenerate case N component hydrodynamic reductions are parameterized by N+M arbitra…
A quadratic line complex is a three-parameter family of lines in projective space P^3 specified by a single quadratic relation in the Plucker coordinates. Fixing a point p in P^3 and taking all lines of the complex passing through p we obtain a quadratic cone with vertex at p. This family of cones supplies P^3 with a conformal structure. With this conformal structure we associate a three-dimensional second order quasilinear wave equation. We show that any PDE arising in this way is linearly degenerate, furthermore, any linearly degenerate PDE can be obtained by this construction. This provides…
We propose the integrable N-dimensional Calogero-Coulomb-Stark and two-center Calogero-Coulomb systems and construct their constants of motion via the Dunkl operators. Their Schrödinger equations decouple in parabolic and elliptic coordinates into the set of three differential equations like for the Coulomb-Stark and two-center Coulomb problems. The Calogero term preserves the energy levels, but changes their degrees of degeneracy.
