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arXiv 0909.3110astro-ph.GAastro-ph.CO
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柱密度在恒星和黑洞形成中的作用

The Role of Column Density in the Formation of Stars and Black Holes

Richard B. Larson

摘要:

盘状星系中恒星的质量近似与自转速度的四次方成比例,而星系核中心黑洞的质量近似与核球速度色散的四次方成比例。这里表明,如果在一个具有等温质量分布的形成中星系中,柱密度大于8兆太阳/平方厘米的气体进入恒星,而柱密度大于2克/平方厘米(10^4兆太阳/平方厘米)的气体进入中心黑洞,则可以解释这些关系。下临界值接近于约10 Msun/pc ^2的柱密度,在此密度下,原子气体变成分子气体;上临界值与约1 g/cm ^2的柱密度大致一致,在此密度下,气体在冷却辐射下变得光学厚。这些结果是合理的,因为分子的形成显然是恒星形成的必要条件,而且星系核中高光学深度的出现可能会抑制恒星的持续形成,并有利于中心黑洞的生长。

英文摘要:

The stellar mass in disk galaxies scales approximately with the fourth power of the rotation velocity, and the masses of the central black holes in galactic nuclei scale approximately with the fourth power of the bulge velocity dispersion. It is shown here that these relations can be accounted for if, in a forming galaxy with an isothermal mass distribution, gas with a column density above about 8 Msun/pc^2 goes into stars while gas with a column density above about 2 g/cm^2 (10^4 Msun/pc^2) goes into a central black hole. The lower critical value is close to the column density of about 10 Msun/pc^2 at which atomic gas becomes molecular, and the upper value agrees approximately with the column density of about 1 g/cm^2 at which the gas becomes optically thick to its cooling radiation. These results are plausible because molecule formation is evidently necessary for star formation, and because the onset of a high optical depth in a galactic nucleus may suppress continuing star formation and favour the growth of a central black hole.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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