We find a class of algebras A satisfying the following property: for every nontrivial noncommutative polynomial, the linear span of all its values in A equals A. This class includes the algebras of all bounded and all compact operators on an infinite dimensional Hilbert space.
Simple necessary and sufficient conditions for a $n$-tuple of noncommutative polynomials to be a cyclic gradient are given and similarly for a noncommutative polynomial to have a vanishing cyclic gradient. Connections with free probability are explained.
These lecture notes were written during a mini-course on noncommutative Lp-spaces at the Basque Center of Applied Mathematics. It starts presenting the theory of weights and traces in von Neumann algebra, followed by the theory of noncommutative measure. After that, it presents a construction of these spaces in all detail and give some important results e.g. the noncommutative Radon-Nikodym theorem.
We study non-linear $σ$-models defined on noncommutative torus as a two dimensional string world-sheet. We consider a quantum group as a noncommutative space-time as well as two points, a circle, and a noncommutative torus. Using the establised results we show that the trivial harmonic unitaries of the noncommutative chiral model, which are known as local minima, are not global minima by comparing those with the symmetric unitaries coming from instanton solutions of noncommutative Ising model, which corresponds to the two points target space. In addition,we introduce a $\mathbb{Z}^2$-action on…
We consider the problem of extending the classical S-lemma from commutative case to noncommutative cases. We show that a symmetric quadratic homogeneous matrix-valued polynomial is positive semidefinite if and only if its coefficient matrix is positive semidefinite. Then we extend the S-lemma to three kinds of noncommutative polynomials: noncommutative polynomials whose coefficients are real numbers, matrix-valued noncommutative polynomials and hereditary polynomials.
The book covers basics of noncommutative geometry and its applications in topology, algebraic geometry and number theory. A brief survey of main parts of noncommutative geometry with historical remarks, bibliography and a list of exercises is attached. Our notes are intended for the graduate students and faculty with interests in noncommutative geometry; they can be read by non-experts in the field.
We consider symmetric polynomials, p, in the noncommutative free variables (x_1, x_2, ..., x_g). We define the noncommutative complex hessian of p and we call a noncommutative symmetric polynomial noncommutative plurisubharmonic if it has a noncommutative complex hessian that is positive semidefinite when evaluated on all tuples of n x n matrices for every size n. In this paper, we show that the symmetric noncommutative plurisubharmonic polynomials are precisely the noncommutative convex polynomials with a noncommutative analytic change of variables; i.e., a noncommutative symmetric polynomial…
We say that a symmetric noncommutative polynomial in the noncommutative free variables (x_1, x_2, ..., x_g) is noncommutative plurisubharmonic on a noncommutative open set if it has a noncommutative complex hessian that is positive semidefinite when evaluated on open sets of matrix tuples of sufficiently large size. In this paper, we show that if a noncommutative polynomial is noncommutative plurisubharmonic on a noncommutative open set, then the polynomial is actually noncommutative plurisubharmonic everywhere and has the form p = \sum f_j^T f_j + \sum k_j k_j^T + F + F^T where the sums are f…
We develop an invariant of knots that depends on a complex parameter t, describing a left ideal in the noncommutative torus. When the parameter is set equal to -1 we recover the A-polynomial of the knot. We relate the invariant to the colored Jones polynomials of the knot.
To each real continuous function f there is an associated trace function on real symmetric matrices Tr f. The classical Klein lemma states that f is convex if and only if Tr f is convex. In this note we present an algebraic strengthening of this lemma for univariate polynomials f: Tr f is convex if and only if the noncommutative second directional derivative of f is a sum of hermitian squares and commutators in a free algebra. We also give a localized version of this result.
We define a noncommutative differential calculus constructed from the inner derivation, then several relevant examples are showed. It is of interest to note that for certain $C^*$-algebra, this calculus is closely related to the classical one when the algebra associates a deformation parameter.
We solve a class of lifting problems involving approximate polynomial relations (soft polynomial relations). Various associated C*-algebras are therefore projective. The technical lemma we need is a new manifestation of Akemann and Pedersen's discovery of the norm adjusting power of quasi-central approximate units. A projective C*-algebra is the analog of an absolute retract. Thus we can say that various noncommutative semialgebraic sets turn out to be absolute retracts. In particular we show a noncommutative absolute retract results from the intersection of the approximate locus of a homogene…
In this paper we study unique ergodicity of $C^*$-dynamical system $(\ga,T)$, consisting of a unital $C^*$-algebra $\ga$ and a Markov operator $T:\ga\mapsto\ga$, relative to its fixed point subspace, in terms of Riesz summation which is weaker than Cesaro one. Namely, it is proven that $(\ga,T)$ is uniquely ergodic relative to its fixed point subspace if and only if its Riesz means {equation*} \frac{1}{p_1+...+p_n}\sum_{k=1}^{n}p_kT^kx {equation*} converge to $E_T(x)$ in $\ga$ for any $x\in\ga$, as $n\to\infty$, here $E_T$ is an projection of $\ga$ to the fixed point subspace of $T$. It is als…
The goal of this paper is to introduce a class of operators, which we call quantum Dirac type operators on a noncommutative sphere, by a gluing construction from copies of noncommutative disks, subject to an appropriate local boundary condition. We show that the resulting operators have compact resolvents, and so they are elliptic operators.
This paper contributes to the current studies on regularity properties of noncommutative distributions in free probability theory. More precisely, we consider evaluations of selfadjoint noncommutative polynomials in noncommutative random variables that have finite non-microstates free Fisher information, highlighting the special case of Lipschitz conjugate variables. For the first time in this generality, it is shown that the analytic distributions of those evaluations have Hölder continuous cumulative distribution functions with an explicit Hölder exponent that depends only on the degree of t…
These notes contain a presentation of the noncommutative generalization of the classical moment problem introduced in [10] and [12]. They also contain a short summary of the classical moment problem in infinite dimension.
In this note the noncommutative geometry is interpreted as a functor, whose range is a family of the operator algebras. Some examples are given and a program is sketched.