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arXiv 0908.4257hep-thquant-ph
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相对论性非厄米量子力学

Relativistic Non-Hermitian Quantum Mechanics

Katherine Jones-Smith, Harsh Mathur

摘要:

我们在新的非厄米${\cal PT}$量子力学框架下发展了相对论波动方程。我们所熟悉的厄米狄拉克方程是狄拉克代数、${\cal PT}$ -对称量子力学准则和相对论不变性的精确结果。然而,放松特别是质量矩阵是厄米特的约束也允许在常规量子力学中没有对应物的模型。例如,众所周知,由厄米质量矩阵耦合的四重外尔旋量可约化为两个独立的狄拉克费米子;在这里,我们表明,同样的四重Weyl旋量,当耦合一个非厄米但$\cal{PT}$对称的质量矩阵,描述了一个单一的相对论粒子,即使质量矩阵是非零的,它也可以具有无质量的色散关系。广义Dirac方程仍然是Lorentz不变量、时间幺正和CPT相关的,尽管作为一个非相互作用理论它分别违反了${\cal P}$和${\cal T}$.相对论波动方程被重新表述为正则费米子场论,以促进相互作用的研究,并且被证明保留了厄米场论的许多正则结构,但非厄米性参数$m_2$允许新的和有趣的新可能性。

英文摘要:

We develop relativistic wave equations in the framework of the new non-hermitian ${\cal PT}$ quantum mechanics. The familiar Hermitian Dirac equation emerges as an exact result of imposing the Dirac algebra, the criteria of ${\cal PT}$-symmetric quantum mechanics, and relativistic invariance. However, relaxing the constraint that in particular the mass matrix be Hermitian also allows for models that have no counterpart in conventional quantum mechanics. For example it is well-known that a quartet of Weyl spinors coupled by a Hermitian mass matrix reduces to two independent Dirac fermions; here we show that the same quartet of Weyl spinors, when coupled by a non-Hermitian but $\cal{PT}$ symmetric mass matrix, describes a single relativistic particle that can have massless dispersion relation even though the mass matrix is non-zero.The ${\cal PT}$-generalized Dirac equation is also Lorentz invariant, unitary in time, and CPT respecting, even though as a non-interacting theory it violates ${\cal P}$ and ${\cal T}$ individually. The relativistic wave equations are reformulated as canonical fermionic field theories to facilitate the study of interactions, and are shown to maintain many of the canonical structures from Hermitian field theory, but with new and interesting new possibilities permitted by the non-hermiticity parameter $m_2$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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