Paul E. Barclay, Kai-Mei C. Fu, Charles Santori, Raymond G. Beausoleil
Optical coupling of nitrogen vacancy centers in single-crystal diamond to an on-chip microcavity is demonstrated. The microcavity is fabricated from a hybrid gallium phosphide and diamond material system, and supports whispering gallery mode resonances with spectrometer resolution limited Q > 25000.
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Diamond cavity optomechanical devices hold great promise for quantum technology based on coherent coupling between photons, phonons and spins. These devices benefit from the exceptional physical properties of diamond, including its low mechanical dissipation and optical absorption. However the nanoscale dimensions and mechanical isolation of these devices can make them susceptible to thermo-optic instability when operating at the high intracavity field strengths needed to realize coherent photon--phonon coupling. In this work, we overcome these effects through engineering of the device geometr…
Hybrid quantum gates hold great promise for quantum information processing since they preserve the advantages of different quantum systems. Here we present compact quantum circuits to deterministically implement controlled-NOT, Toffoli, and Fredkin gates between a flying photon qubit and diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers assisted by microcavities. The target qubits of these universal quantum gates are encoded on the spins of the electrons associated with the diamond NV centers and they have long coherence time for storing information, and the control qubit is encoded on the polarizations o…
We review recent progress at the Centre for Cold Matter in developing atom chips. An important advantage of miniaturizing atom traps on a chip is the possibility of obtaining very tight trapping structures with the capability of manipulating atoms on the micron length scale. We recall some of the pros and cons of bringing atoms close to the chip surface, as is required in order to make small static structures, and we discuss the relative merits of metallic, dielectric and superconducting chip surfaces. We point out that the addition of integrated optical devices on the chip can enhance its cap…
We design extremely flexible ultrahigh-Q diamond-based double-heterostructure photonic crystal slab cavities by modifying the refractive index of the diamond. The refractive index changes needed for ultrahigh-Q cavities with $Q ~ 10^7$, are well within what can be achieved ($Δn \sim 0.02$). The cavity modes have relatively small volumes $V<2 (λ/n)^3$, making them ideal for cavity quantum electro-dynamic applications. Importantly for realistic fabrication, our design is flexible because the range of parameters, cavity length and the index changes, that enables an ultrahigh-Q is quite broad. Fur…
Defect centers in diamond are promising building blocks for quantum networks thanks to a long-lived spin state and bright spin-photon interface. However, their low fraction of emission into a desired optical mode limits the entangling success probability. The key to overcoming this is through Purcell enhancement of the emission. Open Fabry-Perot cavities with an embedded diamond membrane allow for such enhancement while retaining good emitter properties. To guide the focus for design improvements it is essential to understand the influence of different types of losses and geometry choices. In …
We present the design of two-dimensional photonic crystal microcavities in thin diamond membranes well suited for coupling of color centers in diamond. By comparing simulated and ideal field distributions in Fourier and real space and by according modification of air hole positions and size, we optimize the cavity structure yielding high quality factors up to Q = 320000 with a modal volume of V = 0.35 (lambda/n)^3. Using the very same approach we also improve previous designs of a small modal volume microcavity in silicon, gaining a factor of 3 in cavity Q. In view of practical realization of …
Reversing Annealing-Induced Optical Loss in Diamond Microcavities
本文研究高温高真空退火对金刚石微盘谐振器品质因数的损害，发现非金刚石层导致光学损耗，并证明三酸清洗可恢复其光学性能。
In this work we present a platform for testing the device performance of a cavity-emitter system, using an ensemble of emitters and a tapered optical fiber. This method provides high-contrast spectra of the cavity modes, selective detection of emitters coupled to the cavity, and an estimate of the device performance in the single- emitter case. Using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond and a GaP optical microcavity, we are able to tune the cavity onto the NV resonance at 10 K, couple the cavity-coupled emission to a tapered fiber, and measure the fiber-coupled NV spontaneous emission deca…
Laser-cut Patterned, Micrometer-thin Diamond Membranes with Coherent Color Centers for Open Microcavities
本文提出一种激光切割方法，用于从毫米级金刚石薄膜制造微米厚微器件，与传统纳米加工相比性能相当，且器件中的色心适用于量子网络。
We report cavity-enhanced Raman scattering from a single-crystal diamond membrane embedded in a highly miniaturized fully-tunable Fabry-Pérot cavity. The Raman intensity is enhanced 58.8-fold compared to the corresponding confocal measurement. The strong signal amplification results from the Purcell effect. We show that the cavity-enhanced Raman scattering can be harnessed as a narrowband, high-intensity, internal light-source. The Raman process can be triggered in a simple way by using an optical excitation frequency outside the cavity stopband and is independent of the lateral positioning of…
Scalable on-chip integration of diamond color centers for cryogenic quantum photonics
本文提出了一种芯片集成的钻石光子晶体腔，包含氮空位中心，通过边缘耦合光纤观察到NV中心发射的Purcell增强，展示了钻石色心的低温操作，为可扩展的钻石量子通信平台奠定基础。
We demonstrate a technique to nanofabricate nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond based on broad-beam nitrogen implantation through apertures in electron beam lithography resist. This method enables high-throughput nanofabrication of single NV centers on sub-100 nm length scales. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) measurements facilitate depth profiling of the implanted nitrogen to provide three-dimensional characterization of the NV center spatial distribution. Measurements of NV center coherence with on-chip coplanar waveguides suggest a pathway for incorporating this scalable nanofab…
Terahertz source-on-a-chip with decade-long stability using layered superconductor elliptical microcavities
本研究提出一种基于层状高温超导体椭圆微腔的片上太赫兹发射源，利用本征Josephson结阵列锁相振荡实现超11年稳定相干发射，为可扩展固态THz激光器平台奠定基础。
Quantum state transfer in optical microcavities plays an important role in quantum information processing, and is essential in many optical devices, such as optical frequency converter and diode. Existing schemes are effective and realized by tuning the coupling strengths between modes. However, such approaches are severely restricted due to the small amount of strength that can be tuned and the difficulty to perform the tuning in some situations, such as on-chip microcavity system. Here, we propose a novel approach that realizes the state transfer between different modes in optical microcavit…
The nitrogen-vacancy color center in diamond has rapidly emerged as an important solid-state system for quantum information processing. While individual spin registers have been used to implement small-scale diamond quantum computing, the realization of a large-scale device requires development of an on-chip quantum bus for transporting information between distant qubits. Here we propose a method for coherent quantum transport of an electron and its spin state between distant NV centers. Transport is achieved by the implementation of spatial stimulated adiabatic Raman passage through the optic…
We demonstrate nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of picoliter-volume solutions with a nanostructured diamond chip. Using optical interferometric lithography, diamond surfaces were nanostructured with dense, high-aspect-ratio nanogratings, enhancing the surface area by more than a factor of 15 over mm^2 regions of the chip. The nanograting sidewalls were doped with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers so that more than 10 million NV centers in a (25 micrometer)^2 laser spot are located close enough to the diamond surface (5 nm) to detect the NMR spectrum of 1 pL of fluid lying within adjac…
Quantum Diamond Microscopy for Non-Destructive Failure Analysis of an Integrated Fan-Out Package-on-Package iPhone Chip
本研究利用量子钻石显微镜技术，实现对集成风扇出封装iPhone芯片的非破坏性失效定位与分析，展示了其在封装级失效分析中的应用潜力。
Electro-optical control of on-chip photonic devices is an essential tool for efficient integrated photonics. Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) is an emerging platform for on-chip photonics due to its large electro-optic coefficient and high nonlinearity [1]. Integrating quantum emitters into LNOI would extend their versatile use in classic photonics to quantum computing and communication [2, 3]. Here, we incorporate single rare-earth ions (REI) quantum emitters in electro-optical tunable lithium niobite (LN) thin films and demonstrate control of LN microcavities coupled to REI over a frequen…
Operating reconfigurable quantum circuits with single photon sources is a key goal of photonic quantum information science and technology. We use an integrated waveguide device comprising of directional couplers and a reconfigurable thermal phase controller to manipulate single photons emitted from a chromium related colour centre in diamond. Observation of both a wave-like interference pattern and particle-like sub-Poissionian autocorrelation functions demonstrates coherent manipulation of single photons emitted from the chromium related centre and verifies wave particle duality.
Integration of diamond nanobeams with SnVs on Al2O3 waveguides for scalable quantum photonic chip application
本文通过双层制造工艺，将含SnV色心的金刚石纳米梁与Al2O3波导集成，实现了光学耦合，并观察到导出的SnV-发射，展示了可扩展的集成方法。
Small volume nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) has recently made considerable progress due to rapid developments in the field of quantum sensing using nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers. These optically active defects in the diamond lattice have been used to probe unprecedented small volumes on the picoliter range with high spectral resolution. However, the NMR signal size depends strongly on both the diamond sensor's and sample's geometry. Using Monte-Carlo integration of sample spin dipole moments, the magnetic field projection along the orientation of the NV center for different geom…
Enhanced quantum magnetometry with a laser-written integrated photonic diamond chip
本研究通过激光刻写的集成光子金刚石芯片实现增强型量子磁度计，利用高密度氮-空位中心提升磁场灵敏度，达到比传统方法高一个数量级的性能。
Photoelectrical readout and Ramsey interferometry of single shallowly implanted NV centers in diamond
研究金刚石中浅注入NV中心的光电读出，通过对其电子自旋进行相干控制，实现了光电测量的拉姆齐 $T_2^*$ 与传统荧光读出一致，且发现过生长可抑制背景光电流，为芯片集成等纳米级传感和自旋寄存器提供可行途径。
Scanning cavity microscopy of a single-crystal diamond membrane
本研究通过扫描腔显微镜探究集成单晶金刚石薄膜的高精细度微腔，揭示金刚石表面对腔模结构及珀塞尔增强的影响，为优化自旋-光子接口提供路径。
Integrating atomic quantum memories based on color centers in diamond with on-chip photonic devices would enable entanglement distribution over long distances. However, efforts towards integration have been challenging because color centers can be highly sensitive to their environment, and their properties degrade in nanofabricated structures. Here, we describe a heterogeneously integrated, on-chip, III-V diamond platform designed for neutral silicon vacancy (SiV0) centers in diamond that circumvents the need for etching the diamond substrate. Through evanescent coupling to SiV0 centers near t…
Diamond is a proven solid-state platform for spin-based quantum technology. The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond has been used to realize small-scale quantum information processing (QIP) and quantum sensing under ambient conditions. A major barrier in the development of large-scale QIP in diamond is the connection of NV spin registers by a quantum bus at room temperature. Given that diamond is expected to be an ideal spin transport material, the coherent transport of spin directly between the spin registers offers a potential solution. Yet, there has been no demonstration of spin transp…
Open Fabry-Perot microcavities represent a promising route for achieving a quantum electrodynamics (cavity-QED) platform with diamond-based emitters. In particular, they offer the opportunity to introduce high purity, minimally fabricated material into a tunable, high quality factor optical resonator. Here, we demonstrate a fiber-based microcavity incorporating a thick (> 10 μm) diamond membrane with a finesse of 17,000, corresponding to a quality factor Q ~ $10^6$. Such minimally fabricated, thick samples can contain optically stable emitters similar to those found in bulk diamond. We observe…
Optical systems combining balanced loss and gain profiles provide a unique platform to implement classical analogues of quantum systems described by non-Hermitian parity-time- (PT-) symmetric Hamiltonians and to originate new synthetic materials with novel properties. To date, experimental works on PT-symmetric optical systems have been limited to waveguides in which resonances do not play a role. Here we report the first demonstration of PT-symmetry breaking in optical resonator systems by using two directly coupled on-chip optical whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microtoroid silica resonators. …
Investigation of Rare-Earth Ion-Photon Interaction and Strong Coupling in Optical Microcavities
针对稀土离子（REIs）4f内跃迁耦合强度低的问题，提出将其耦合到高品质回音壁模式（WGM）微腔实现片上量子网络的方案，并通过参数放大技术增强耦合强度，为分布式量子计算和量子网络提供支撑。
Deleterious effect of photon-phonon coupling on microcavities in their application as quantum sources
研究光子 - 声子耦合对氮化硅微腔作为量子源的有害影响，通过研究微腔噪声与温度的关系，证明其与光子芯片和热库耦合有关，控制该噪声源是量子网络中纠缠态源高效实现的必要条件。
Diamond Micro-Chip for Quantum Microscopy
本文表征了一种含（111）取向NV集合的金刚石微芯片，展示了其在高分辨率量子显微镜中的应用，包括电流宽场成像和确定性转移，为可扩展量子显微镜提供了新途径。
Modifying light fields at single-photon level is a key challenge for upcoming quantum technologies and can be realized in a scalable manner through integrated quantum photonics. Laser-written diamond photonics offers three-dimensional fabrication capabilities and large mode-field diameters matched to fiber optic technology, though limiting the cooperativity at the single-emitter level. To realize large cooperativities, we combine excitation of single shallow-implanted silicon vacancy centers via large numerical aperture optics with detection assisted by laser-written type-II waveguides. We dem…
We present chip-scale transmission measurements for three key components of a GaP-on-diamond integrated photonics platform: waveguide-coupled disk resonators, directional couplers, and grating couplers. We also present proof-of-principle measurements demonstrating nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center emission coupled into selected devices. The demonstrated device performance, uniformity and yield place the platform in a strong position to realize measurement-based quantum information protocols utilizing the NV center in diamond.
Modular chip-integrated photonic control of artificial atoms in diamond nanostructures
本研究提出压电驱动原子调控光子集成电路（APIC）模块化架构与金刚石纳米结构人工原子方案，实现可见波段多通道高保真低串扰调控，单光子探测概率达15%，为量子网络规模化提供了可行路径。
We investigated the depth dependence of coherence times of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers through precisely depth controlling by a moderately oxidative at 580°C in air. By successive nanoscale etching, NV centers could be brought close to the diamond surface step by step, which enable us to trace the evolution of the number of NV centers remained in the chip and to study the depth dependence of coherence times of NV centers with the diamond etching. Our results showed that the coherence times of NV centers declined rapidly with the depth reduction in their last about 22 nm before they finally d…
The adoption of 3D packaging technology necessitates the development of new approaches to failure electronic device analysis. To that end, our team is developing a tool called the quantum diamond microscope (QDM) that leverages an ensemble of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, achieving vector magnetic imaging with a wide field-of-view and high spatial resolution under ambient conditions. Here, we present the QDM measurement of 2D current distributions in an 8-nm flip chip IC and 3D current distributions in a multi-layer PCB. Magnetic field emanations from the C4 bumps in the flip chip …
Frequency standards based on atomic states, such as Rb or Cs vapors, or single trapped ions, are the most precise measures of time. Here we introduce a complementary device based on spins in a solid-state system - the nitrogen-vacancy defect in single crystal diamond. We show that this system has comparable stability to portable atomic standards and is readily incorporable as a chip-scale device. Using a pulsed spin-echo technique, we anticipate an Allan deviation of σ_y =1E-12 (τ)^(-1/2) with current photoluminescence detection methods and posit exceeding 1E-14 with improved diamond material …
Solid-state single-photon emitters are attractive for realization of integrated quantum systems due to their experimental convenience and scalability. Unfortunately, however, their complex mesoscopic environments cause photons from different emitters to be spectrally distinguishable. Here we demonstrate spectral alignment of two solid-state single-photon emitters by utilizing the strain gradient. Multiple germanium vacancy (GeV) color centers in diamond are created in fabricated diamond microcantilevers using focused ion beam implantation. The strain response of the electronic energy levels of…
Optically Switched Phonon Superradiance of Surface Acoustic Wave in Diamond
通过光学驱动氮空位中心能级跃迁增强自旋-声子耦合，在弱耦合区域触发表面声波声子超辐射相变，实现可调控的固态量子器件。
Integrating solid-state quantum emitters with photonic circuits is essential for realizing large-scale quantum photonic processors. Negatively charged tin-vacancy (SnV$^-$) centers in diamond have emerged as promising candidates for quantum emitters because of their excellent optical and spin properties including narrow-linewidth emission and long spin coherence times. SnV$^-$ centers need to be incorporated in optical waveguides for efficient on-chip routing of the photons they generate. However, such integration has yet to be realized. In this Letter, we demonstrate the coupling of SnV$^-$ c…
Impact of Photoelectric Readout Noise on Magnetic Field Sensitivity of NV Centers in Diamond
研究光电信号读出噪声对钻石中氮空位中心磁感应灵敏度的影响，通过单个和集体NV中心的光学和光电读出方法评估灵敏度，发现光电噪声限制的磁感应灵敏度可比光学测量高一个数量级。
We demonstrate a method of imaging spatially varying magnetic fields using a thin layer of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers at the surface of a diamond chip. Fluorescence emitted by the two-dimensional NV ensemble is detected by a CCD array, from which a vector magnetic field pattern is reconstructed. As a demonstration, AC current is passed through wires placed on the diamond chip surface, and the resulting AC magnetic field patterns are imaged using an echo-based technique with sub-micron resolution over a 140 μm x 140 μm field of view, giving single-pixel sensitivity ~100 nT/\sqrt{Hz}. We disc…
Deep Learning-Optimized, Fabrication Error-Tolerant Photonic Crystal Nanobeam Cavities for Scalable On-Chip Diamond Quantum Systems
本文提出基于卷积神经网络的深度学习优化方法，用于设计容制造误差的金刚石光子晶体纳米束腔，在保持高品质因子的同时提升色心耦合效率，推动可扩展片上金刚石量子系统的高良率制造。
Tunable quantum dots in monolithic Fabry-Perot microcavities for high-performance single-photon sources
本文将微型法布里-珀罗微腔与压电致动器集成，通过应变调谐实现量子点与腔模的精确对准，获得Purcell因子约9、提取效率0.58、纯度0.956(2)和不可区分性0.922(4)的高性能单光子源，为片上可扩展量子光源集成扫清障碍。
We describe a realistic scheme for coupling atoms or other quantum emitters with an array of coupled optical cavities. We consider open Fabry-Perot microcavities coupled to the emitters. Our central innovation is to connect the microcavities to waveguide resonators, which are in turn evanescently coupled to each other on a photonic chip to form a coupled cavity chain. In this paper, we describe the components, their technical limitations and the factors that need to be determined experimentally. This provides the basis for a detailed theoretical analysis of two possible experiments to realize …
We presented a high-sensitivity temperature detection using an implanted single Nitrogen-Vacancy center array in diamond. The high-order Thermal Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (TCPMG) method was performed on the implanted single nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond in a static magnetic field. We demonstrated that under small detunings for the two driving microwave frequencies, the oscillation frequency of the induced fluorescence of the NV center equals approximately to the average of the detunings of the two driving fields. On basis of the conclusion, the zero-field splitting D for the NV cente…
Imaging of high-frequency electromagnetic field by multipulse sensing using nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond
本文提出利用金刚石氮空位中心的多脉冲动力学去耦与幅度整形控制脉冲，在19.23 MHz实现微米级空间分辨率的高频率分辨率射频场成像。
Diamond's nitrogen vacancy (NV) center is an optically active defect with long spin coherence times, showing great potential for both efficient nanoscale magnetometry and quantum information processing schemes. Recently, both the formation of buried 3D optical waveguides and high quality single NVs in diamond were demonstrated using the versatile femtosecond laser-writing technique. However, until now, combining these technologies has been an outstanding challenge. In this work, we fabricate laser written photonic waveguides in quantum grade diamond which are aligned to within micron resolutio…
Diamond-on-chip infrared absorption magnetic field camera
本文提出一种基于金刚石氮-空位中心和红外吸收光探测磁共振的片上集成磁场相机，通过垂直相交光束形成像素矩阵，实现空间分辨磁场传感与二维梯度测量，并展示了3×3像素传感器重建电磁体空间位置的能力。
Nanomechanical sensors and quantum nanosensors are two rapidly developing technologies that have diverse interdisciplinary applications in biological and chemical analysis and microscopy. For example, nanomechanical sensors based upon nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) have demonstrated chip-scale mass spectrometry capable of detecting single macromolecules, such as proteins. Quantum nanosensors based upon electron spins of negatively-charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have demonstrated diverse modes of nanometrology, including single molecule magnetic resonance spectroscopy. H…
The protocols for the control and readout of Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) centres electron spins in diamond offer an advanced platform for quantum computation, metrology and sensing. These protocols are based on the optical readout of photons emitted from NV centres, which process is limited by the yield of photons collection. Here we report on a novel principle for the detection of NV centres magnetic resonance in diamond by directly monitoring spin-preserving electron transitions through measurement of NV centre related photocurrent. The demonstrated direct detection technique offers a sensitive wa…
Recent development in quantum photonics allowed to start the process of bringing photonic-quantum-based systems out of the lab into real world applications. As an example, devices for the exchange of a cryptographic key secured by the law of quantum mechanics are currently commercially available. In order to further boost this process, the next step is to migrate the results achieved by means of bulky and expensive setups to miniaturized and affordable devices. Integrated quantum photonics is exactly addressing this issue. In this paper we briefly review the most recent advancements in the gen…
We demonstrate the fabrication of photonic crystal nanobeam cavities with rectangular cross section into bulk diamond. In simulation, these cavities have an unloaded quality factor (Q) of over 1 million. Measured cavity resonances show fundamental modes with spectrometer-limited quality factors larger than 14,000 within 1nm of the NV center's zero phonon line at 637nm. We find high cavity yield across the full diamond chip with deterministic resonance trends across the fabricated parameter sweeps.
Reconfigurable photonic circuits have applications ranging from next-generation computer architectures to quantum networks, coherent radar and optical metamaterials. However, complete reconfigurability is only currently practical on millimetre-scale device footprints. Here, we overcome this barrier by developing an on-chip high quality microcavity with resonances that can be electrically tuned across a full free spectral range (FSR). FSR tuning allows resonance with any source or emitter, or between any number of networked microcavities. We achieve it by integrating nanoelectronic actuation wi…
Fiber-taper collected emission from NV centers in high-$Q/V$ diamond microdisks
本文研究光纤锥耦合高Q/V金刚石微盘中氮空位中心的腔增强发射，通过光致发光与相干光谱阐明腔模体积、品质因子和光纤耦合的贡献，测得可见光波段金刚石微腔最高Q值约10^5，并预测Purcell因子可达约50。
Developments in photonic chips have spurred photon based classical and quantum information processing, attributing to the high stability and scalability of integrated photonic devices [1, 2]. Optical nonlinearity [3] is indispensable in these complex photonic circuits, because it allows for classical and quantum light sources, all-optical switch, modulation, and non-reciprocity in ambient environments. It is commonly known that nonlinear interactions are often greatly enhanced in the microcavities [4]. However, the manifestations of coherent photon-photon interaction in a cavity, analogous to …
Nanophotonic quantum magnetometry in a spin-dense diamond cavity
本研究提出了一种基于钻石腔体的纳米光子磁计量平台，实现了高灵敏度和亚微米空间分辨率，为高精度磁测量和生物传感提供了新方法。
Single-crystal diamond cavity optomechanical devices are a promising example of a hybrid quantum system: by coupling mechanical resonances to both light and electron spins, they can enable new ways for photons to control solid state qubits. However, realizing cavity optomechanical devices from high quality diamond chips has been an outstanding challenge. Here we demonstrate single-crystal diamond cavity optomechanical devices that can enable photon-phonon-spin coupling. Cavity optomechanical coupling to $2\,\text{GHz}$ frequency ($f_\text{m}$) mechanical resonances is observed. In room tempera…
Single crystal diamond membranes that host optically active emitters are highly attractive components for integrated quantum nanophotonics. In this work we demonstrate bottom-up synthesis of single crystal diamond membranes containing the germanium vacancy (GeV) color centers. We employ a lift-off technique to generate the membranes and perform chemical vapour deposition in a presence of germanium oxide to realize the insitu doping. Finally, we show that these membranes are suitable for engineering of photonic resonators such as microring cavities with quality factors of 1500. The robust and s…
High temporal stability and spin dynamics of individual nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond crystals make them one of the most promising quantum emitters operating at room temperature. We demonstrate a chip-integrated cavity-coupled emission into propagating surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modes narrowing NV center's broad emission bandwidth with enhanced coupling efficiency. The cavity resonator consists of two distributed Bragg mirrors that are built at opposite sides of the coupled NV emitter and are integrated with a dielectric-loaded SPP waveguide (DLSPPW), using electron-beam lithog…
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