The contribution of ground state correlations (GSC) to the non--mesonic weak decay of $^{12}_Λ$C and other medium to heavy hypernuclei is studied within a nuclear matter formalism implemented in a local density approximation. We adopt a weak transition potential including the exchange of the complete octets of pseudoscalar and vector mesons as well as a residual strong interaction modeled on the Bonn potential. Leading GSC contributions, at first order in the residual strong interaction, are introduced on the same footing for all isospin channels of one-- and two--nucleon induced decays. Together with fermion antisymmetrization, GSC turn out to be important for an accurate determination of the decay widths. Besides opening the two--nucleon stimulated decay channels, for $^{12}_Λ$C GSC are responsible for 14% of the rate $Γ_1$ while increasing the $Γ_{n}/Γ_{p}$ ratio by 4%. Our final results for $^{12}_Λ$C are: $Γ_{\rm NM}=0.98$, $Γ_{n}/Γ_{p}=0.34$ and $Γ_2/Γ_{\rm NM}=0.26$. The saturation property of $Γ_{\rm NM}$ with increasing hypernuclear mass number is clearly observed. The agreement with data of our predictions for $Γ_{\rm NM}$, $Γ_n/Γ_p$ and $Γ_2$ is rather good.
A consistent microscopic diagrammatic approach is applied for the first time to the calculation of the nucleon emission spectra in the non-mesonic weak decay of Lambda-hypernuclei. We adopt a nuclear matter formalism extended to finite nuclei via the local density approximation, a one--meson exchange weak transition potential and a Bonn nucleon-nucleon strong potential. Ground state correlations and final state interactions, at second order in the nucleon--nucleon interaction, are introduced on the same footing for all the isospin channels of one- and two-nucleon induced decays. Single and dou…
The ratio N_{nn}/N_{np} between the number of neutron-neutron and neutron--proton pairs emitted in the non--mesonic weak decay of Λ-hypernuclei is calculated within a nuclear matter formalism extended to ^{12}_{Lambda}C via the local density approximation. The single--nucleon emission spectra, N_p and N_n, are also evaluated. Our formalism takes care of both ground state correlations (gsc) and final state interactions (FSI). The evaluation of N_{nn}/N_{np} which, unlike Gamma_n/Gamma_p = Gamma(Lambda n -> nn)/Gamma(Lambda p -> np), is an actual observable quantity in non--mesonic decay is perf…
The non-mesonic weak decay of $Λ$-hypernuclei is studied within a microscopic diagrammatic approach which includes, for the first time, the effect or the $Δ$-baryon resonance. We adopt a nuclear matter formalism extended to finite nuclei via the local density approximation, a one-meson exchange weak transition potential, a Bonn nucleon-nucleon strong potential and a $ΔN\to NN$ strong potential based on the Landau-Migdal theory. Ground state correlations and final state interactions (FSI), at second order in the baryon-baryon strong interaction, are introduced on the same footing for all the is…
We compute for the first time the decay width of lambda-hypernuclei in a relativistic mean-field approximation to the Walecka model. Due to the small mass difference between the lambda-hyperon and its decay products---a nucleon and a pion---the mesonic component of the decay is strongly Pauli blocked in the nuclear medium. Thus, the in-medium decay becomes dominated by the non-mesonic, or two-body, component of the decay. For this mode, the lambda-hyperon decays into a nucleon and a spacelike nuclear excitation. In this work we concentrate exclusively on the pion-like modes. By relying on the …
Two different approaches have been employed for the evaluation of the decay widths of Lambda-hypernuclei (ranging from $^5_Λ$He to $^{208}_Λ$Pb) with the polarization propagator method. In ref.[1], the two-nucleon stimulated non-mesonic decay, $ΛNN\to NNN$, has been parameterized phenomenologically by means of data on the pion-nucleus optical potential. The other approach [2] consisted in a fully microscopic description of the non-mesonic decays through the first order approximation of the so-called bosonic-loop-expansion. Both calculations reproduce, with approximately the same accuracy, the …
The contribution of Pauli exchange terms to the two--nucleon induced non--mesonic weak decay of $^{12}_Λ$C hypernuclei, $ΛNN\to nNN$ ($N=n$ or $p$), is studied within a nuclear matter formalism implemented in a local density approximation. We have adopted a weak transition potential including the exchange of the complete octets of pseudoscalar and vector mesons as well as a residual strong interaction modeled on the Bonn potential. The introduction of exchange terms turns out to reduce the two--nucleon induced non--mesonic rate by 18% and, jointly with an increase in the one--nucleon induced r…
We extend the No-Core Shell Model (NCSM) methodology to incorporate strangeness degrees of freedom and apply it to single-$Λ$ hypernuclei. After discussing the transformation of the hyperon-nucleon (YN) interaction into Harmonic-Oscillator (HO) basis and the Similarity Renormalization Group transformation applied to it to improve model-space convergence, we present two complementary formulations of the NCSM, one that uses relative Jacobi coordinates and symmetry-adapted basis states to fully exploit the symmetries of the hypernuclear Hamiltonian, and one working in a Slater determinant basis o…
We develop a theoretical framework for the evaluation of the coincidence number of pairs, $N_{nN}$, and the asymmetry parameter, $a_Λ$, in nonmesonic hypernuclear decay $ΛN\rightarrow nN$. The primary nomesonic weak hyperon-nucleon decay process is described through the independent particle shell model. When the effect of the strong interactions experimented by the two nucleons leaving the residual nucleus is included, we have in addition to the $2p1h$ primary configuration $2p'1h'$, $3p2h$, $4p3h$, $\cdots$, etc secondary ones. We work within the $2p'1h'$ subspace of final states assuming a s…
We present an evaluation of the non-mesonic decay widths for Lambda-hypernuclei (Lambda N --> NN, Lambda NN --> NNN) within the framework of the polarization propagator method. The full Lambda self-energy is evaluated microscopically in nuclear matter by using the functional approach, which supplies a theoretically well grounded approximation scheme for the classification of the relevant diagrams, according to the prescriptions of the bosonic loop expansion. We employ average Fermi momenta, suitably adapted to different mass number regions (medium-light, medium and heavy hypernuclei). Moreover…
Recent progress has been experienced in the field of hypernuclear weak decay, especially concerning the ratio of the neutron- to proton-induced Lambda non-mesonic decay rates, G_n/G_p. Theoretical analyses of nucleon coincidence data have been performed in a finite nucleus framework. They led to the extraction of G_n/G_p values in agreement with pure theoretical estimates, thus providing an evidence for the solution of a longstanding puzzle. Here we present an alternative approach to the problem, based on a nuclear matter formalism extended to finite nuclei via the local density approximation.…
The non--mesonic weak decay of polarized $Λ$-hypernuclei is studied with a microscopic diagrammatic formalism in which one- and two-nucleon induced decay mechanisms, $\vecΛ N \to NN$ and $\vecΛ NN \to NNN$, are considered together with (and on the same ground of) nucleon final state interactions. We adopt a nuclear matter formalism extended to finite nuclei via the local density approximation. Our approach adopts different one-meson-exchange weak transition potentials, while the strong interaction effects are accounted for by a Bonn nucleon-nucleon interaction. We also consider the two-pion-ex…
The $A$-dependence of the bond energy $ΔB_{ΛΛ}$ of the ${ΛΛ}$ hypernuclear ground states is calculated in a three-body ${Λ+ Λ+ {^{A}Z}}$ model and in the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock approach. Various ${ΛΛ}$ and $Λ$-nucleus or ${ΛN}$ potentials are used and the sensitivity of $ΔB_{ΛΛ}$ to the interactions is discussed. It is shown that in medium and heavy ${ΛΛ}$ hypernuclei, $ΔB_{ΛΛ}$ is a linear function of $r_Λ^{-3}$, where $r_Λ$ is rms radius of the hyperon orbital. It looks unlikely that it will be possible to extract ${ΛΛ}$ interaction from the double-$Λ$ hypernuclear energies only, the additional…
In this review we discuss the present status of strange nuclear physics, with special attention to the weak decay of Lambda hypernuclei. The models proposed for the evaluation of the Lambda decay widths are summarized and their results are compared with the data. Despite the recent intensive investigations, the main open problem remains a sound theoretical interpretation of the large experimental values of the ratio G_n/G_p. Although recent works offer a step forward in the solution of the puzzle, further efforts must be invested in order to understand the detailed dynamics of the non-mesonic …
The interaction of Nucleon-Nucleon (NN) has certain physical characteristics, which indicated by nucleon, and meson degrees of freedom. The main purpose of this work is calculating the ground state energies of 21 Deutron and Alfa through the two-body system with the exchange of mesons (Pi, segma, omega) that mediated between two nucleons. This paper investigates NN interaction based on the quasi-relativistic decoupled Dirac equation and self-consistent Hartree-Fock formulation. We construct one-boson exchange potential (OBEP) model, where each nucleon is treated as a Dirac particle and acts as…
The non--mesonic weak decay of double--$Λ$ hypernuclei is studied within a microscopic diagrammatic approach. Besides the nucleon--induced mechanism, $ΛN\to nN$, widely studied in single--$Λ$ hypernuclei, additional hyperon--induced mechanisms, $ΛΛ\to Λn$, $ΛΛ\to Σ^0 n$ and $ΛΛ\to Σ^-p$, are accessible in double--$Λ$ hypernuclei and are investigated here. As in previous works on single--$Λ$ hypernuclei, we adopt a nuclear matter formalism extended to finite nuclei via the local density approximation and a one--meson exchange weak transition potential (including the ground state pseudoscalar an…
The nonmesonic decay of $Λ$-hypernuclei provides access to the nonleptonic weak decay process $ΛN \to NN$, which is achievable only through the observation of hypernuclear ground-state decays. We continue the discussion of some specific cases which make it possible to detect a few exclusive transitions, namely, the stripping of nucleon from the ground state results in a resonance state decaying via emission of two clusters. Delayed clusters accompanying weak decay of light hypernuclei give a unique information on spin dependence of the weak decay matrix elements.
We develop a method for calculating the doublet splittings of select ground-state single $Λ$-hypernuclei. This hypernuclear spectroscopy is conducted by supplementing the self-consistent single-particle equations with an effective interaction, which follows directly from the underlying lagrangian,to simulate the residual particle-hole interaction. Our previous investigation, performed using only the leading-order contributions to the particle-hole interaction, was inadequate. In the present work, this method is improved upon by increasing the level of truncation in the residual interaction to …
Indications of the existence of quasi-bound states in the N-Nbar system are presented. Measurements by BES discovered a broad enhancement close to the p-pbar threshold in the S wave, isospin 0 state formed in radiative decays of J/psi. Another enhancement located about 50 MeV below the threshold was found in mesonic decays of J/psi. In terms of the Paris potential model it was shown that these are likely to represent the same state. Antiprotonic atomic data provide some support for this interpretation and indicate the existence of another fairly narrow quasi-bound state in a P wave.
We present a microscopic calculation of the 6He beta-decay into the ground state of 6Li. To this end, we use chiral perturbation theory at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order to describe the nuclear weak-currents. The nuclear wave functions are derived from the J-matrix inverse scattering nucleon-nucleon potential (JISP), and the Schroedinger equation is solved using the hyperspherical-harmonics expansion. Our calculation brings the theoretical decay-rate within 3% of the measured one. This success is attributed to the use of chiral-perturbation-theory based mesonic currents, whose contribut…
We investigate quarkonium mass spectra in external constant magnetic fields by using QCD sum rules. We first discuss a general framework of QCD sum rules necessary for properly extracting meson spectra from current correlators computed in the presence of strong magnetic fields, that is, a consistent treatment of mixing effects caused in the mesonic degrees of freedom. We then implement operator product expansions for pseudoscalar and vector heavy-quark current correlators by taking into account external constant magnetic fields as operators, and obtain mass shifts of the lowest-lying bound sta…
Quantum Simulation of Nucleon-Antinucleon Interaction in Large-$N$ QCD$_2$ on an IBM Quantum Nighthawk Processor
Future of Computing Institute, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute（未来计算研究所，伦斯勒理工学院）；InQubator for Quantum Simulation (IQuS), Department of Physics, University of Washington（量子模拟创新中心（IQuS），华盛顿大学物理系）；Center for Nuclear Theory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University（核理论中心，石溪大学物理与天文学系）；Energy and Photon Sciences Directorate, Condensed Matter and Materials Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory（能源与光子科学部，凝聚态与材料科学处，布鲁海文国家实验室）
