Kai Schmidt-Hoberg, Martin Wolfgang Winkler
We perform an extensive study of the DAMA annual modulation data in the context of inelastic dark matter. We find that inelastic dark matter with mass m > 15 GeV is excluded at the 95% confidence level by the combination of DAMA spectral information and results from other direct detection experiments. However, at smaller m, inelastic dark matter constitutes a possible solution to the DAMA puzzle.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
继续探索
We consider the capture of inelastic dark matter in white dwarves by inelastic spin-independent scattering on nuclei. We show that if the dark matter annihilates to standard-model particles then, under the assumption of primordial globular cluster formation, the observation of cold white dwarves in the globular cluster M4 appears inconsistent with explanations of the observed DAMA/LIBRA annual modulation signal based on spin-independent inelastic dark matter scattering. Alternatively if the inelastic dark matter scenario were to be confirmed and it was found to annihilate to standard-model par…
Composite dark matter is a natural setting for implementing inelastic dark matter - the O(100 keV) mass splitting arises from spin-spin interactions of constituent fermions. In models where the constituents are charged under an axial U(1) gauge symmetry that also couples to the Standard Model quarks, dark matter scatters inelastically off Standard Model nuclei and can explain the DAMA/LIBRA annual modulation signal. This article describes the early Universe cosmology of a minimal implementation of a composite inelastic dark matter model where the dark matter is a meson composed of a light and …
Direct detection experiments aim at the detection of dark matter in the form of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) by searching for signals from elastic dark matter nucleus scattering. Additionally, inelastic scattering in which the nucleus is excited is expected from nuclear physics and provides an additional detectable signal. In the context of a low-energy effective field theory we investigate the experimental reach to these inelastic transitions for xenon-based detectors employing a dual-phase time projection chamber. We find that once a dark matter signal is established, inelast…
X-rays from Inelastic Dark Matter Freeze-in
本研究探讨了通过轻媒介子冻结产生非弹性暗物质，其较重态长寿命衰变产生光子，并利用银河系中心光子观测有效探测该机制。
We consider searches for the inelastic scattering of low-mass dark matter at direct detection experiments, using the Migdal effect. We find that there are degeneracies between the dark matter mass and the mass splitting that are difficult to break. Using XENON1T data we set bounds on a previously unexplored region of the inelastic dark matter parameter space. For the case of exothermic scattering, we find that the Migdal effect allows xenon-based detectors to have sensitivity to dark matter with ${\cal O}(\mathrm{MeV})$ mass, far beyond what can be obtained with nuclear recoils alone.
The XENON100 and CRESST experiments will directly test the inelastic dark matter explanation for DAMA's 8.9? sigma anomaly. This article discusses how predictions for direct detection experiments depend on uncertainties in quenching factor measurements, the dark matter interaction with the Standard Model and the halo velocity distribution. When these uncertainties are accounted for, an order of magnitude variation is found in the number of expected events at CRESST and XENON100.
We examine the vector-portal inelastic dark matter (DM) model with DM mass $m_χ$ and dark photon mass $m_{A'}$, in the `forbidden dark matter' regime where $1 \lesssim m_{A'}/m_χ\lesssim 2$, carefully tracking the dark sector temperature throughout freezeout. The inelastic nature of the dark sector relaxes the stringent cosmic microwave background (CMB) and self-interaction constraints compared to symmetric DM models. We determine the CMB limits on both annihilations involving excited states and annihilation into $e^+e^-$ through initial-state-radiation of an $A'$, as well as limits on the DM …
Effect of inelastic scattering on cosmic-ray-boosted dark matter
本文利用 GENIE 的暗物质—原子核非弹性截面改进宇宙射线加速暗物质分析，表明非弹性散射会增强高能暗物质通量并影响地壳相互作用，进而修正暗物质—核子耦合限制。
We study the solar capture rate of inelastic dark matter with endothermic and/or exothermic interactions. By assuming that an inelastic dark matter signal will be observed in next generation direct detection experiments we can set a lower bound on the capture rate that is independent of the local dark matter density, the velocity distribution, the galactic escape velocity as well as the scattering cross section. In combination with upper limits from neutrino observatories we can place upper bounds on the annihilation channels leading to neutrinos. We find that, while endothermic scattering lim…
We present halo-independent methods to analyze the results of dark matter direct detection experiments assuming inelastic scattering. We focus on the annual modulation signal reported by DAMA/LIBRA and present three different halo-independent tests. First, we compare it to the upper limit on the unmodulated rate from XENON100 using (a) the trivial requirement that the amplitude of the annual modulation has to be smaller than the bound on the unmodulated rate, and (b) a bound on the annual modulation amplitude based on an expansion in the Earth's velocity. The third test uses the special predic…
Direct detection constraints on EFT operators for inelastic dark matter
本研究将弹性暗物质-质子散射截面排除限转换为事例率上限，以此约束GeV质量区轻暗物质非弹性散射的三类代表性有效算符模型。
It has been suggested that dark matter particles which scatter inelastically from detector target nuclei could explain the apparent incompatibility of the DAMA modulation signal (interpreted as evidence for particle dark matter) with the null results from CDMS-II and XENON10. Among the predictions of inelastically interacting dark matter are a suppression of low-energy events, and a population of nuclear recoil events at higher nuclear recoil equivalent energies. This is in stark contrast to the well-known expectation of a falling exponential spectrum for the case of elastic interactions. We p…
Enhanced prospects for direct detection of inelastic dark matter from a non-galactic diffuse component
本文研究非银河系弥散暗物质成分如何提高直接探测实验对非弹性暗物质散射的灵敏度，并分析其对相关理论模型的意义。
Inelastic dark matter reconciles the DAMA anomaly with other null direct detection experiments and points to a non-minimal structure in the dark matter sector. In addition to the dominant inelastic interaction, dark matter scattering may have a subdominant elastic component. If these elastic interactions are suppressed at low momentum transfer, they will have similar nuclear recoil spectra to inelastic scattering events. While upcoming direct detection experiments will see strong signals from such models, they may not be able to unambiguously determine the presence of the subdominant elastic s…
We propose a new candidate of GeV scale inelastic dark matter (DM). Our construction has an anomaly-free $U(1)_X^{}$ gauge group with dark photon mediator, and can realize either scalar or fermionic inelastic DM. It is highly predictive and testable. We study the scattering rate of light inelastic DM with electrons in the XENON1T experiment and with nuclei in the XENON1T, CRESST-III, CDEX-1B and DarkSide-50 experiments. We resolve the recent XENON1T anomaly via electron recoil detection. Combining the XENON1T constraints from both electron recoils and nuclear recoils (including Migdal effect),…
Cosmology of Inelastic Self-Interacting Dark Matter: Linear Evolution and Observational Constraints
研究不稳定性自相互作用暗物质在双组分暗物质领域中的线性宇宙学演化，探讨其对结构形成的影响及观测限制。
The growing interest in the interactions between dark matter particles and electrons has received a further boost by the observation of an excess in electron recoil events in the XENON1T experiment. Of particular interest are dark matter models in which the scattering process is inelastic, such that the ground state can upscatter into an excited state. The subsequent exothermic downscattering of such excited states on electrons can lead to observable signals in direct detection experiments and gives a good fit to the XENON1T excess. In this work, we study terrestrial upscattering, i.e. inelast…
Deep Inelastic Scattering in the Capture of Dark Matter by Neutron Stars
本文研究中子星捕获暗物质时的深度非弹性散射，计算矢量媒介子诱导的暗物质–核子过程并据此更新散射截面对捕获率与排除限的影响。
Dark matter can scatter and excite a nucleus to a low-lying excitation in a direct detection experiment. This signature is distinct from the canonical elastic scattering signal because the inelastic signal also contains the energy deposited from the subsequent prompt de-excitation of the nucleus. A measurement of the elastic and inelastic signal will allow a single experiment to distinguish between a spin-independent and spin-dependent interaction. For the first time, we characterise the inelastic signal for two-phase xenon detectors in which dark matter inelastically scatters off the Xe-129 o…
Search for Light Inelastic Dark Matter with Low-Energy Ionization Signatures in PandaX-4T
本文利用PandaX-4T低能电离数据探测放热非弹性暗物质，将质量劈裂探测能力推至0.05 keV、质量范围推至亚GeV，并对暗光子混合参数给出严格限制。
Reconciling Cosmological Tensions with Inelastic Dark Matter and Dark Radiation in a $\boldsymbol{U(1)_D}$ Framework
本研究提出基于$U(1)_D$规范对称性的SIDR+$z_t$模型，结合非弹性暗物质与自相互作用暗辐射，通过求解玻尔兹曼方程验证其可同时缓解哈勃参数、$S_8$及莱曼α森林相关的多重宇宙学张力，且符合BBN约束与暗物质遗迹密度要求。
Detection of electron recoils by dark matter (DM) may reveal the structure of the dark sector. We consider a scenario where a heavier DM particle inelastically scatters off an electron and is converted into a lighter DM particle. A small mass difference between the two DM particles is transferred into electron recoil energy. We investigate the DM-electron interaction mediated by a massive dark photon and evaluate the inelastic DM scattering rate, taking account of the atomic structure. It is found that the scattering rate is significantly enhanced because of the small mass splitting, which all…
Dark Matter particles with inelastic interactions are ubiquitous in extensions of the Standard Model, yet remain challenging to fully probe with existing strategies. We propose a series of powerful searches at hadron and lepton colliders that are sensitive to inelastic dark matter dynamics. In representative models featuring either a massive dark photon or a magnetic dipole interaction, we find that the LHC and BaBar could offer strong sensitivity to the thermal-relic dark matter parameter space for dark matter masses between ~100 MeV-100 GeV and fractional mass-splittings above the percent le…
Neutrino constraints on inelastic dark matter captured in the Sun
本文研究太阳捕获的非弹性暗物质湮灭产生的中微子，发现大型地下中微子实验（如DUNE）在特定参数空间（轻夸克通道）比直接探测更灵敏，为探测此类暗物质提供新途径。
At present, the best model for the evolution of the cosmos requires that dark matter make up approximately $25\%$ of the energy content of the Universe. Most approaches to explain the microscopic nature of dark matter, to date, have assumed its composition to be of intrinsically weakly interacting particles; however, this need not be the case to have consistency with all extant observations. Given decades of inconclusive evidence to support any dark matter candidate, there is strong motivation to consider alternatives to the standard particle scenario. One such example is macro dark matter, a …
We estimate dark matter density for the Universe with a reheating temperature smaller than the mass of dark matter, assuming dark matter to be a weakly interacting massive particle. During the reheating process, an inflaton decays and releases high-energy particles, which are scattered inelastically by the thermal plasma and emit many particles. Dark matters are produced through these inelastic scattering processes and pair creation processes by high-energy particles. We properly take account of the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect on inelastic processes and show that the resultant energy dens…
Light dark sectors in thermal contact with the Standard Model naturally produce the observed relic dark matter abundance and are the targets of a broad experimental search program. A key light dark sector model is the pseudo-Dirac fermion with a dark photon mediator. The dynamics of the fermionic excited states are often neglected. We consider scenarios in which a nontrivial abundance of excited states is produced and their subsequent de-excitation yields interesting electromagnetic signals in direct detection experiments. We study three mechanisms of populating the excited state: a primordial…
We study the capture and subsequent annihilation of inelastic dark matter (DM) in the Sun, placing constraints on the DM-nucleon scattering cross section from the null result of the IceCube neutrino telescope. We then compare such constraints with exclusion limits on the same cross section that we derive from XENON1T, PICO and CRESST results. We calculate the cross section for inelastic DM-nucleon scattering within an extension of the effective theory of DM-nucleon interactions which applies to the case of inelastic DM models characterised by a mass splitting between the incoming and outgoing …
We propose a self-interacting inelastic dark matter (DM) scenario as a possible origin of the recently reported excess of electron recoil events by the XENON1T experiment. Two quasi-degenerate Majorana fermion DM interact within themselves via a light hidden sector massive gauge boson and with the standard model particles via gauge kinetic mixing. We also consider an additional long-lived singlet scalar which helps in realising correct dark matter relic abundance via a hybrid setup comprising of both freeze-in and freeze-out mechanisms. While being consistent with the required DM phenomenology…
Direct dark matter detection focuses on elastic scattering of dark matter particles off nuclei. In this study, we explore inelastic scattering where the nucleus is excited to a low-lying state of 10-100 keV, with subsequent prompt de-excitation. We calculate the inelastic structure factors for the odd-mass xenon isotopes based on state-of-the-art large-scale shell-model calculations with chiral effective field theory WIMP-nucleon currents. For these cases, we find that the inelastic channel is comparable to or can dominate the elastic channel for momentum transfers around 150 MeV. We calculate…
The null results in dark matter direct detection experiments imply the present scalar dark matter (DM) annihilation cross section to bottom quark pairs through the Higgs boson exchange is smaller than about $10^{-31}$ cm$^3/$s for a wide DM mass range, which is much smaller than the required annihilation cross section for thermal relic DM. We propose models of a thermal relic DM with the present annihilation cross section being very suppressed. This property can be realized in an extra $U(1)$ gauge interacting complex scalar DM, where the thermal DM abundance is determined by coannihilation th…
The magnetic inelastic dark matter (MiDM) model, in which dark matter inelastically scatters off nuclei through a magnetic dipole interaction, has previously been shown to reconcile the DAMA/LIBRA annual modulation signal with null results from other experiments. In this work, we explore the unique directional detection signature of MiDM. After the dark matter scatters into its excited state, it decays with a lifetime of order 1 microsecond and emits a photon with energy ~100 keV. Both the nuclear recoil and the corresponding emitted photon can be detected by studying delayed coincidence event…
Probing Inelastic Dark Matter via Cosmic-Ray Upscattering in NGC 1068
研究利用活动星系核NGC 1068中宇宙射线冷却对亚GeV非弹性暗物质（iDM）的约束，考虑弹性与深度非弹性散射（DIS）贡献，发现DIS主导高动量转移并增强冷却效应，从而推导出iDM参数空间的新限制。
We present a systematic halo-independent analysis of available Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMP) direct detection data within the framework of Inelastic Dark Matter (IDM). We show that, when the smallest number of assumptions is made on the WIMP velocity distribution in the halo of our Galaxy, it is possible to find values of the WIMP mass and the IDM mass splitting for which compatibility between present constraints and any of the three experiments claiming to see a WIMP excess among DAMA, CDMS-Si and CRESST can be achieved.
Scalar-Mediated Inelastic Dark Matter as a Solution to Small-Scale Structure Anomalies
本文提出一种标量介导的自相互作用暗物质模型，通过引入轻子偏爱的标量媒介和伪狄拉克暗物质候选者，解决核心-尖峰和多样性问题，并通过共振增强在矮星系中实现大自相互作用截面。
We report here the results of searching for inelastic scattering of dark matter (initial and final state dark matter particles differ by a small mass splitting) with nucleon with the first 79.6-day of PandaX-II data (Run 9). We set the upper limits for the spin independent WIMP-nucleon scattering cross section up to a mass splitting of 300 keV/c$^2$ at two benchmark dark matter masses of 1 and 10 TeV/c$^2$.
We consider a novel scenario of dark photon-mediated inelastic dark matter to explain the white dwarf cooling excess suggested by its luminosity function, and the excess in electron recoil events at XENON1T. In the Sun, the dark photon $A'$ is produced mainly via thermal processes, and the heavier dark matter $χ_2$ is produced by the scattering of halo dark matter $χ_1$ with electrons. The XENON1T signal arises primarily by solar $A'$ scattering, and $A'$ emission by white dwarfs accommodates the extra cooling while maintaining consistency with other stellar cooling observations. A tritium com…
Unitarity in the non-relativistic regime and implications for dark matter
本文研究非相对论区域中幺正性对散射截面的限制，通过重求和双粒子不可约图实现弹性和非弹性截面的幺正化，提出模型无关方案，并指出其对暗物质冻结、间接探测和自相互作用的广泛影响。
Probing Light Inelastic Dark Matter from Direct Detection
本文系统研究亚GeV量级、质量劈裂为keV量级的放热非弹性暗物质，通过联合分析暗物质-电子散射与Migdal效应的反冲谱，揭示其直接探测灵敏度及对宇宙学和实验室限制的重要影响。
Inelastic Signatures of Electroweak Dark Matter
该研究通过含马约拉纳与狄拉克多重态的最小电弱暗物质模型，解释LZ合作组的近期事件，确定普适参数区域并预测低能弹性信号。
The seesaw and leptogenesis commonly depend on the masses of same particles, and thus are both realized at the same scale. In this work, we demonstrate a new possibility to realize a TeV-scale neutrino seesaw and a natural high-scale leptogenesis. We extend the standard model by two gauge-singlet scalars, a vector-like iso-doublet fermion and one iso-triplet Higgs scalar. Our model respects a softly broken lepton number and an exactly conserved $Z_2$ discrete symmetry. It can achieve three things altogether: (i) realizing a testable type-II seesaw at TeV scale with two nonzero neutrino mass-ei…
Motivated by the recently reported excess in electron recoil events by the XENON1T collaboration, we propose an inelastic fermion dark matter (DM) scenario within the framework of a gauged $L_μ-L_τ$ extension of the standard model which can also accommodate tiny neutrino masses as well as anomalous muon magnetic moment $(g-2)_μ$. A Dirac fermion DM, naturally stabilised due to its chosen gauge charge, is split into two pseudo-Dirac mass eigenstates due to Majorana mass term induced by singlet scalar which also takes part in generating right handed neutrino masses responsible for type I seesaw …
We show that the Weakly Interacting Massive Particle scenario of proton-philic spin-dependent inelastic Dark Matter (pSIDM) can still provide a viable explanation of the observed DAMA modulation amplitude in compliance with the constraints from other experiments after the release of the DAMA/LIBRA-phase2 data and including the recent bound from COSINE-100, that uses the same $NaI$ target of DAMA. The pSIDM scenario provided a viable explanation of DAMA/LIBRA--phase1 both for a Maxwellian WIMP velocity distribution and in a halo-independent approach. At variance with DAMA/LIBRA-phase1, for whic…
The dark sector may contain a dark photon that kinetically mixes with the Standard Model photon, allowing dark matter to interact weakly with normal matter. In previous work we analyzed the implications of this scenario for dark matter capture by the Sun. Dark matter will gather in the core of the Sun and annihilate to dark photons. These dark photons travel outwards from the center of the Sun and may decay to produce positrons that can be detected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) on the ISS. We found that the dark photon parameter space accessible to this analysis is largely constr…
There has been an increasing interest on the concept of Inelastic Dark Matter (iDM) - motivated in part by some recent data. We describe the constraints on iDM from the results of the two phase dark matter detector ZEPLIN-II, which has demonstrated strong background discrimination capabilities (>98%). Using previously published estimates of the ZEPLIN-II residual background, the iDM limits presented here exclude a significantly larger iDM parameter space than the limits derived without background subtraction. Moreover, assuming standard xenon quenching factor (qXe) of 0.19, our ZEPLIN-II limit…
Inelastic dark matter and baryon flavor symmetry in light of LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment
提出一种具有$U(1)'$重子味对称性的非弹性暗物质模型，可同时解释LZ实验核反冲事件和正确的遗迹密度，并预言轻$Z'$玻色子。
A Common $\sim$55 GeV Inelastic Dark Matter Origin of the LZ, Fermi-LAT, and AMS-02 Excesses and Paleo-Detector Prospects
本文提出轻子恐惧非弹性暗物质模型解释LZ实验2.6σ异常，并通过多信使分析和古探测器预测为该模型提供验证途径。
Measuring dark matter (DM) signals via electron recoil provides an important means for direct detection of light DM particles. The recent XENON1T anomaly with electron recoil energy around $\,E_R^{}\!=\!(2-3)$keV can be naturally explained by DM inelastic scattering which injects energy to the recoiled electrons and gives a narrow peak structure in the recoil spectrum. We present an effective field theory (EFT) approach to exothermic inelastic DM signals for the Xenon electron recoil detection. For relatively heavy mediator, we fairly formulate the DM-lepton interactions by effective contact o…
PICO bubble chambers have exceptional sensitivity to inelastic dark matter-nucleus interactions due to a combination of their extended nuclear recoil energy detection window from a few keV to $O$(100 keV) or more and the use of iodine as a heavy target. Inelastic dark matter-nucleus scattering is interesting for studying the properties of dark matter, where many theoretical scenarios have been developed. This study reports the results of a search for dark matter inelastic scattering with the PICO-60 bubble chambers. The analysis reported here comprises physics runs from PICO-60 bubble chambers…
Reviving MeV-GeV Indirect Detection with Inelastic Dark Matter
本文提出非弹性暗物质模型，利用银河系中暗物质高动能触发上散射再生激发态，在 MeV 能段产生可探测伽马射线，从而复兴亚 GeV 热遗迹暗物质的间接探测前景。
Multi-level dark matter with diagonal and off-diagonal interactions shows a rich phenomenology in its self-scattering. If the interactions are mediated by a particle that is less massive than the dark matter, Sommerfeld effect can lead to resonant enhancement of the scattering. For mediators lighter than the level separation, dark matter particles can upscatter to excited states and de-excite by emitting these mediators. We compute these cross-sections, both above and below the kinematic threshold, in a generic two-component dark matter model and identify the large inelastic cross-section as a…
Testing the inelastic dark matter interpretation of the LZ event with heavy-element experiments
本文针对LZ实验观测的248 keV事件的非弹性暗物质解释，利用受LMC影响启发的速度分布，结合重元素古探测器、配备重元素补充的大型中微子探测器等，检验暗物质模型并破解参数简并。
Cosmological Constrained Axion-Portal Inelastic Dark Matter for the LZ Event
本研究提出一个受LZ事件启发的双态非弹性暗物质模型，通过类轴子粒子门户耦合，发现暗扇区宇宙学演化可动态选择直接探测中的非弹性散射主导方向，且模型可被对撞机直接探测。
We explore the phenomenology of a class of models where the dark matter particle can inelastically up-scatter to a heavier excited state via off-diagonal dipolar interactions with the interstellar plasma (gas or free electrons). The heavier particle then rapidly decays back to the dark matter particle plus a quasi-monochromatic photon. For the process to occur at appreciable rates, the mass splitting between the heavier state and the dark matter must be comparable to, or smaller than, the kinetic energy of particles in the plasma. As a result, the predicted photon line falls in the soft X-ray …
The XENON100 experiment has recently completed a dark matter run with 100.9 live-days of data, taken from January to June 2010. Events in a 48kg fiducial volume in the energy range between 8.4 and 44.6 keVnr have been analyzed. A total of three events have been found in the predefined signal region, compatible with the background prediction of (1.8 \pm 0.6) events. Based on this analysis we present limits on the WIMP-nucleon cross section for inelastic dark matter. With the present data we are able to rule out the explanation for the observed DAMA/LIBRA modulation as being due to inelastic dar…
We study hidden sector and long-lived particles at past (CHARM and NuCal), present (NA62 and SeaQuest/DarkQuest), and future (LongQuest) experiments that are at the high-energy frontier of the intensity frontier. We focus on exploring the minimal vector portal and variere-lifetime particles (VLP). VLP models have mostly been devised to explain experimental anomalies while avoiding existing constraints, and we demonstrate that proton fixed-target experiments provide one of the most powerful probes for the sub-GeV to few GeV mass range of the VLP models, using inelastic dark matter (iDM) as an e…
LZ nuclear recoil event from inelastic singlet-doublet scalar dark matter
本文在单态-双重态标量暗物质框架下，解释LZ实验的高能核反冲事件，通过非弹性上散射机制，并扩展了允许的参数空间。
Implications of Inelastic Dark Matter for Primordial Dark-Star Evolution: Kinematic Thresholds and Nonthermal Capture
本文研究吸热型非弹性暗物质在原初暗星中的俘获，揭示运动学阈值开启与持久非热储库的形成，表明非弹性俘获不补充热湮灭核，为暗星-暗物质协同演化提供新机制。
We propose a new physics scenario in which the decay of a very heavy dark-matter candidate which does not interact with the neutrino sector could explain the two anomalous events recently reported by ANITA. The model is composed of two components of dark matter, an unstable dark-sector state, and a massive dark gauge boson. We assume that the heavier dark-matter particle of EeV-range mass is distributed over the galactic halo and disintegrates into a pair of lighter -- highly boosted -- dark-matter states in the present universe which reach and penetrate the Earth. The latter scatters {\it in}…
Structure Formation under Inelastic Two-Component Dark Matter: Halo Statistics and Matter Power Spectra in the High-$z$ Universe
本研究通过双组分暗物质模型模拟，发现其在高红移宇宙中抑制了结构形成，且非引力相互作用在结构形成中起稳健作用。
扫码添加微信好友，提出您的宝贵建议 👇
💡 备注请填写：网站反馈
发表机构由 AI 从论文文本抽取，如发现错误，欢迎反馈修正建议。