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arXiv 0907.1339math.AG
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非负多项式与平方和的维数差

Dimensional Differences between Nonnegative Polynomials and Sums of Squares

Grigoriy Blekherman

摘要:

我们研究的非负多项式的圆锥和圆锥的平方和的面的尺寸,我们表明,有相应的这些圆锥面之间的尺寸差异。这些尺寸差距发生在所有情况下,存在非负多项式,不是平方和。当变量的次数或数量增长时,间隙变得非常大,间隙渐近地接近2d次的$n$变量中多项式的向量空间的全维。间隙是一般性的,它们不是选择圆锥体的特殊面的产物。使用这些尺寸的差异,我们展示了如何推导出的不等式,分离非负多项式的平方和,不等式将举行所有的平方和,但会失败的一些非负多项式。

英文摘要:

We study dimensions of the faces of the cone of nonnegative polynomials and the cone of sums of squares; we show that there are dimensional differences between corresponding faces of these cones. These dimensional gaps occur in all cases where there exist nonnegative polynomials that are not sums of squares. As either the degree or the number of variables grows the gaps become very large, asymptotically the gaps approach the full dimension of the vector space of polynomials in $n$ variables of degree 2d. The gaps occur generically, they are not a product of selecting special faces of the cones. Using these dimensional differences we show how to derive inequalities that separate nonnegative polynomials from sums of squares; the inequalities will hold for all sums of squares, but will fail for some nonnegative polynomials.

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