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arXiv 0906.4949cond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.mes-hallnlin.PS
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光晶格中暗孤子的量子多体动力学

Quantum Many-Body Dynamics of Dark Solitons in Optical Lattices

R. V. Mishmash, I. Danshita, Charles W. Clark, L. D. Carr

摘要:

本文对一维光晶格中超冷玻色原子形成的暗孤子进行了全量子多体处理。利用时间演化分块抽取方法模拟单带玻色-哈伯德哈密顿量,研究了密度和相位工程暗孤子的量子动力学以及注入到量子模型中的平均场暗孤子的量子演化.前一种方法直接模拟了如何在实验中产生量子纠缠暗孤子。虽然我们已经提出了关于后一种方法的结果在其他地方[物理学评论快报。{ \bf 103},140403(2009)],我们在这项工作中扩展了这些结果。在这两种情况下,量子涨落导致暗孤子填充,并可能导致孤子-孤子碰撞的非弹性。Bogoliubov理论预测到一个异常的模式,填充在孤子耗尽进行比较。我们的多体处理使我们能够超越Bogoliubov近似,并明确计算系统的自然轨道的动力学。

英文摘要:

We present a fully quantum many-body treatment of dark solitons formed by ultracold bosonic atoms in one-dimensional optical lattices. Using time-evolving block decimation to simulate the single-band Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian, we consider the quantum dynamics of density and phase engineered dark solitons as well as the quantum evolution of mean-field dark solitons injected into the quantum model. The former approach directly models how one may create quantum entangled dark solitons in experiment. While we have already presented results regarding the latter approach elsewhere [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 103}, 140403 (2009)], we expand upon those results in this work. In both cases, quantum fluctuations cause the dark soliton to fill in and may induce an inelasticity in soliton-soliton collisions. Comparisons are made to the Bogoliubov theory which predicts depletion into an anomalous mode that fills in the soliton. Our many-body treatment allows us to go beyond the Bogoliubov approximation and calculate explicitly the dynamics of the system's natural orbitals.

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