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arXiv 0906.4877cond-mat.quant-gas
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原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中陷阱非谐性引起的暗孤子衰减

Dark soliton decay due to trap anharmonicity in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates

N. G. Parker, N. P. Proukakis, C. S. Adams

摘要:

最近的一些实验几乎纯原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体证实了预测的暗孤子振荡时,谐波捕获。然而,在非均匀凝聚体中传播的暗孤子也被预言对声波的发射是不稳定的。虽然谐波捕获支持共存的孤子和声音之间的平衡,我们表明,随后的动态是敏感的陷阱非谐性。这样的非谐性可以打破孤子-声音平衡,并导致孤子的净衰减在一个相当短的时间尺度上比其他耗散机制。因此,我们提出了如何小的现实修改现有的实验装置可以使实验观察这个衰变通道。

英文摘要:

A number of recent experiments with nearly pure atomic Bose-Einstein condensates have confirmed the predicted dark soliton oscillations when under harmonic trapping. However, a dark soliton propagating in an inhomogeneous condensate has also been predicted to be unstable to the emission of sound waves. Although harmonic trapping supports an equilibrium between the co-existing soliton and sound, we show that the ensuing dynamics are sensitive to trap anharmonicities. Such anharmonicities can break the soliton-sound equilibrium and lead to the net decay of the soliton on a considerably shorter timescale than other dissipation mechanisms. Thus, we propose how small realistic modifications to existing experimental set-ups could enable the experimental observation of this decay channel.

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