玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中强度再分布孤子相互作用引起的物质波开关
Matter wave switching in Bose-Einstein condensates via intensity redistribution soliton interactions
摘要：
利用弱相互作用的两组分玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体（BEC）中组分间的时变非线性（s-波散射长度）耦合，我们证明了通过形状改变/强度再分布（物质再分布）孤子相互作用，组分间物质波转换（原子转移分数）的可能性.通过适当地调整陷阱势、原子散射长度和原子增益或损失，研究了一维双分量BEC的亮-亮N孤子解.特别地，我们证明了在与时间相关的参数相关的一定条件下，通过改变坐标变量和波函数，可以将有效的一维耦合Gross-Pitaevskii（GP）方程转化为耦合非线性薛定谔（CNLS）方程描述的完全可积Manakov模型.得到了与时间无关的排斥型谐波势、周期调制型谐波势和扭结型调制型谐波势的单孤子解，并证明了两孤子解和三孤子解的形状变化/物质重分布相互作用.孤立子的标准弹性碰撞仅在特定选择的孤立子参数下发生。
英文摘要：
Using time dependent nonlinear (s-wave scattering length) coupling between the components of a weakly interacting two component Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), we show the possibility of matter wave switching (fraction of atoms transfer) between the components via shape changing/intensity redistribution (matter redistribution) soliton interactions. We investigate the exact bright-bright N-soliton solution of an effective one-dimensional (1D) two component BEC by suitably tailoring the trap potential, atomic scattering length and atom gain or loss. In particular, we show that the effective 1D coupled Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equations with time dependent parameters can be transformed into the well known completely integrable Manakov model described by coupled nonlinear Schrödinger (CNLS) equations by effecting a change of variables of the coordinates and the wave functions under certain conditions related to the time dependent parameters. We obtain the one-soliton solution and demonstrate the shape changing/matter redistribution interactions of two and three soliton solutions for the time independent expulsive harmonic trap potential, periodically modulated harmonic trap potential and kink-like modulated harmonic trap potential. The standard elastic collision of solitons occur only for a specific choice of soliton parameters.
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