arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 0906.4040astro-ph.GA
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黑洞事件视界:Sgr A的(亚)毫米级VLBI

Observing a Black Hole Event Horizon: (Sub)Millimeter VLBI of Sgr A*

Vincent L. Fish, Sheperd S. Doeleman

摘要:

非常有力的证据表明,人马座A*,银河系中心的一个紧凑的无线电源,标志着一个超大质量黑洞的位置。Sgr A* 与其质量的接近使其明显的事件视界成为宇宙中任何黑洞候选者中最大的,并为我们提供了观察强场GR效应的独特机会。最近对Sgr A* 的毫米甚长基线干涉观测表明,存在着与史瓦西半径相当的尺度结构。这些观测已经为支持事件视界的存在提供了强有力的证据。在不久的将来,(亚)毫米VLBI观测将结合必要的角分辨率,以确定静态发射的总体形态,如一个吸积盘或流出,与足够精细的时间分辨率,以检测可能的周期性的可变组成部分的发射。在未来几年内,有可能通过探测最内层稳定圆轨道上热点的周期性特征或静态发射模型中的参数估计来确定Sgr A* 中黑洞的自旋。从长远来看,一个(亚)毫米VLBI“事件视界望远镜”将能够产生银河系中心发射的图像,看到广义相对论透镜预测的轮廓。这些技术也适用于M87中的黑洞,其中黑洞自旋可能是理解喷流发射区域的关键。

英文摘要:

Very strong evidence suggests that Sagittarius A*, a compact radio source at the center of the Milky Way, marks the position of a super massive black hole. The proximity of Sgr A* in combination with its mass makes its apparent event horizon the largest of any black hole candidate in the universe and presents us with a unique opportunity to observe strong-field GR effects. Recent millimeter very long baseline interferometric observations of Sgr A* have demonstrated the existence of structures on scales comparable to the Schwarzschild radius. These observations already provide strong evidence in support of the existence of an event horizon. (Sub)Millimeter VLBI observations in the near future will combine the angular resolution necessary to identify the overall morphology of quiescent emission, such as an accretion disk or outflow, with a fine enough time resolution to detect possible periodicity in the variable component of emission. In the next few years, it may be possible to identify the spin of the black hole in Sgr A*, either by detecting the periodic signature of hot spots at the innermost stable circular orbit or parameter estimation in models of the quiescent emission. Longer term, a (sub)millimeter VLBI "Event Horizon Telescope" will be able to produce images of the Galactic center emission to the see the silhouette predicted by general relativistic lensing. These techniques are also applicable to the black hole in M87, where black hole spin may be key to understanding the jet-launching region.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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