Let G be a group of type E8 of compact type over the field of rational numbers, let K be a field of characteristic 0, and q the 5-fold Pfister form which is the sum of 32 squares. J-P. Serre posed in a letter to M. Rost written on June 23, 1999 the following problem: Is it true that G is split over K if and only if q is hyperbolic over K?
In the present article we construct a cohomological invariant of degree 5 for groups of type E8 with trivial Rost invariant over any field k of characteristic 0, and putting the field of rational numbers for k answer positively this question of Serre. Aside from that, we show that a variety which possesses a special correspondence of Rost is a norm variety.
In 1985 Kazuya Kato formulated a fascinating framework of conjectures which generalizes the Hasse principle for the Brauer group of a global field to the so-called cohomological Hasse principle for an arithmetic scheme. In this paper we prove the prime-to-characteristic part of the cohomological Hasse principle. We also explain its implications on finiteness of motivic cohomology and special values of zeta functions.
We define a new type of Hall algebras associated e.g. with quivers with polynomial potentials. The main difference with the conventional definition is that we use cohomology of the stack of representations instead of constructible sheaves or functions. In order to take into account the potential we introduce a generalization of theory of mixed Hodge structures, related to exponential integrals. Generating series of our Cohomological Hall algebra is a generalization of the motivic Donaldson-Thomas invariants introduced in arXiv:0811.2435. Also we prove a new integrality property of motivic Dona…
This note addresses the motivic nature of some classical cohomological results due to Lefschetz, namely the primitive decomposition (for the cohomology of smooth projective varieties), and, secondly, the splitting of the cohomology of a complete intersection into the "fixed" and "variable part".
Motivic and cohomological stabilisation of the Quot scheme of points
Stockholms universitet（斯德哥尔摩大学）；Politecnico di Milano（米兰理工大学）；INFN, Sez. di Milano（意大利国家核物理研究所米兰分部）；Università di Padova（帕多瓦大学）；Università di Pavia（帕维亚大学）；SISSA（的里雅斯特高等研究学院）
We categorify the inclusion-exclusion principle for partially ordered topological spaces and schemes to a filtration on the derived category of sheaves. As a consequence, we obtain functorial spectral sequences that generalize the two spectral sequences of a stratified space and certain Vassiliev-type spectral sequences; we also obtain Euler characteristic analogs in the Grothendieck ring of varieties. As an application, we give an algebro-geometric proof of Vakil and Wood's homological stability conjecture for the space of smooth hypersurface sections of a smooth projective variety. In charac…
The equivariant Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson (CSM) class and the equivariant Motivic Chern (MC) class are important characteristic classes of singular varieties in cohomology and K theory---and their theory overlaps with the theory of Okounkov's stable envelopes. We study CSM and MC classes for the orbits of Dynkin quiver representations. We show that the problem of computing the CSM and MC classes of all these orbits can be reduced to some basic classes $c^o_β$, $C^o_β$ parameterized by positive roots $β$. We prove an identity in a deformed version of Kontsevich-Soibelman's Cohomological (and K-…
These notes are an account of a series of lectures I gave at the LMS-CMI Research School `Homotopy Theory and Arithmetic Geometry: Motivic and Diophantine Aspects', in July 2018, at the Imperial College London. The goal of these notes is to see how motives may be used to enhance cohomological methods, giving natural ways to prove independence of $\ell$ results for traces and zeta-functions, and constructions of characteristic classes (as $0$-cycles). This leads to the Grothendieck-Lefschetz formula, of which we give a new motivic proof. There are also a few additions to what have been told in …
We determine the mod p cohomological invariants for several affine group schemes G in chararacteristic p. These are invariants of G-torsors with values in etale motivic cohomology, or equivalently in Kato's version of Galois cohomology based on differential forms. In particular, we find the mod 2 cohomological invariants for the symmetric groups and the orthogonal groups in characteristic 2, which Serre computed in characteristic not 2. We also determine all operations on the mod p etale motivic cohomology of fields, extending Vial's computations of the operations on the mod p Milnor K-theory …
Since its first use by Behrend, Bryan, and Szendrői in the computation of motivic Donaldson-Thomas (DT) invariants of $\mathbb{A}_{\mathbb{C}}^3$, dimensional reduction has proved to be an important tool in motivic and cohomological DT theory. Inspired by a conjecture of Cazzaniga, Morrison, Pym, and Szendrői on motivic DT invariants, work of Dobrovolska, Ginzburg, and Travkin on exponential sums, and work of Orlov and Hirano on equivalences of categories of singularities, we generalize the dimensional reduction theorem in motivic and cohomological DT theory and use it to prove versions of the…
We study motivic Donaldson-Thomas invariants in the sense of Behrend-Bryan-Szendroi. A wall-crossing formula under a mutation is proved for a certain class of quivers with potentials.
Given a 0-connective motivic spectrum $E \in SH(k)$ over a perfect field k, we determine $h_0$ of the associated motive $M E \in DM(k)$ in terms of $π_0 (E)$. Using this we show that if k has finite 2-étale cohomological dimension, then the functor M is conservative when restricted to the subcategory of compact spectra, and induces an injection on Picard groups. We extend the conservativity result to fields of finite virtual 2-étale cohomological dimension by considering what we call "real motives". As a by-product we reprove a variant of a rigidity Theorem of Röndings-Østvær.
We propose a computation of real motivic zeta functions for real polynomial functions, using Newton polyhedron. As a consequence we show that the weights are blow-Nash invariants of convenient weighted homogeneous polynomials in three variables.
We study the motivic Serre invariant of a smoothly bounded algebraic or rigid variety $X$ over a complete discretely valued field $K$ with perfect residue field $k$. If $K$ has characteristic zero, we extend the definition to arbitrary $K$-varieties using Bittner's presentation of the Grothendieck ring and a process of Néron smoothening of pairs of varieties. The motivic Serre invariant can be considered as a measure for the set of unramified points on $X$. Under certain tameness conditions, it admits a cohomological interpretation by means of a trace formula. In the curve case, we use T. Sait…
For an arbitrary integer $r\geq 1$, we compute $r$-framed motivic PT and DT invariants of small crepant resolutions of toric Calabi-Yau $3$-folds, establishing a "higher rank" version of the motivic DT/PT wall-crossing formula. This generalises the work of Morrison and Nagao. Our formulae, in particular their relationship with the $r=1$ theory, fit nicely in the current development of higher rank refined DT invariants.
In this paper we compute the motivic Donaldson--Thomas invariants for the quiver with one loop and any potential. As the presence of arbitrary potentials requires the full machinery of \hat(μ)-equivariant motives, we give a detailed account of them. In particular, we will prove two results for the motivic vanishing cycle which might be of importance not only in Donaldson--Thomas theory.
In this paper we calculate the motivic Donaldson-Thomas invariants for (-2)-curves arising from 3-fold flopping contractions in the minimal model programme. We translate this geometric situation into the machinery developed by Kontsevich and Soibelman, and using the results and framework developed previously by the authors we describe the monodromy on these invariants. In particular, in contrast to all existing known Donaldson-Thomas invariants for small resolutions of Gorenstein singularities these monodromy actions are nontrivial.
We provide a gentle introduction to arc spaces, motivic integration and stringy invariants. We explain the basic concepts and first results, including the p-adic number theoretic pre-history, and we provide concrete examples. The text is a slightly adapted version of the 'extended abstract' of the author's talks at the 12th MSJ-IRI "Singularity Theory and Its Applications" (2003) in Sapporo. At the end we included a list of various recent results.
We define invariants of the blow-Nash equivalence of real analytic function germs, in a similar way that the motivic zeta functions of Denef & Loeser. As a key ingredient, we extend the virtual Betti numbers, which were known for real algebraic sets, as a generalized Euler characteristics for projective constructible arc-symmetrics sets. Actually we prove more: the virtual Betti numbers are not only algebraic invariant, but also Nash-invariant of arc-symmetric sets. Our zeta functions enable to sketch the blow-Nash equivalence classes of Brieskorn polynomials of two variables.
We study the structure of various invariants of the symmetric powers of a smooth projective curve in terms of that of the Jacobian of the curve. We generalise the results of Macdonald and Collino to various invariants including the Weil-cohomology theory, the higher Chow groups, the additive higher Chow groups and the rational $K$-groups.
Following Nori's original idea we here provide certain motivic categories with a canonical tensor structure. These motivic categories are associated to a cohomological functor on a suitable base category and the tensor structure is induced by the cartesian tensor structure on the base category via a cohomological Künneth formula.
We prove that the $\infty$-category of motivic spectra satisfies Milnor excision: if $A\to B$ is a morphism of commutative rings sending an ideal $I\subset A$ isomorphically onto an ideal of $B$, then a motivic spectrum over $A$ is equivalent to a pair of motivic spectra over $B$ and $A/I$ that are identified over $B/IB$. Consequently, any cohomology theory represented by a motivic spectrum satisfies Milnor excision. We also prove Milnor excision for Ayoub's étale motives over schemes of finite virtual cohomological dimension.
To a given analytic function germ $f:(\mathbb{R}^d,0) \to (\mathbb{R},0)$, we associate zeta functions $Z_{f,+}$, $Z_{f,-} \in \mathbb{Z} [[T]]$, defined analogously to the motivic zeta functions of Denef and Loeser. We show that our zeta functions are rational and that they are invariants of the blow-analytic equivalence in the sense of Kuo. Then we use them together with the Fukui invariant to classify the blow-analytic equivalence classes of Brieskorn polynomials of two variables. Except special series of singularities our method classifies as well the blow-analytic equivalence classes of B…
We give a formula for the cohomological invariants of a root stack, which we apply to compute the cohomological invariants and the Brauer group of the stack of admissible double coverings.
In this paper, we generalize Serre's splitting theorem for cohomological invariants of the symmetric group to finite Coxeter groups, provided that the ground field has characteristic zero. We then use this principle to determine all the cohomological invariants of Weyl groups of classical type with coefficients modulo 2.
For any scheme $M$ with a perfect obstruction theory, Jiang and Thomas associate a scheme $N$ with symmetric perfect obstruction theory. The scheme $N$ is a cone over $M$ given by the dual of the obstruction sheaf of $M$, and contains $M$ as its zero section. Locally $N$ is the critical locus of a regular function. In this note we prove that $N$ is a $d$-critical scheme in the sense of Joyce. By assuming an orientation on $N$ there exists a global motive for $N$ locally given by the motive of vanishing cycles of the local regular function. We prove a motivic localization formula under the good…
In a previous paper, we showed that all the cohomological invariants of Weyl groups are completely determined by their restrictions to the abelian subgroups generated by reflections. Using this principle, we describe all the cohomological invariants of the Weyl groups of classical type modulo 2.
In this article we give an expression of the motivic Milnor fiber at infinity and the motivic nearby cycles at infinity of a polynomial $f$ in two variables with coefficients in an algebraic closed field of characteristic zero. This expression is given in terms of some motives associated to the faces of the Newton polygons appearing in the Newton algorithm at infinity of $f$ without any condition of convenience or non degeneracy. In the complex setting, we compute the Euler characteristic of the generic fiber of $f$ in terms of the area of the surfaces associated to faces of the Newton polygon…
We compute the cohomological invariants with coefficients in $\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$ of the stack $\mathscr{H}_3$ of hyperelliptic curves of genus $3$ over an algebraically closed field.
Let $g$ be an even positive integer, and $p$ be a prime number. We compute the cohomological invariants with coefficients in $\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$ of the stacks of hyperelliptic curves $\mathscr{H}_g$ over an algebraically closed field $k_0$.
In the present article we discuss different approaches to cohomological invariants of algebraic groups over a field. We focus on the Tits algebras and on the Rost invariant and relate them to the Morava K-theory. Furthermore, we discuss oriented cohomology theories of affine varieties and the Rost motives for different cohomology theories in the sense of Levine-Morel.
The purpose of this paper is to lay the foundations of a theory of invariants in étale cohomology for smooth Artin stacks. We compute the invariants in the case of the stack of elliptic curves, and we use the theory we developed to get some results regarding Brauer groups of algebraic spaces.
The first author has recently shown that semisimple algebraic groups are classified up to motivic equivalence by the local versions of the classical Tits indexes over field extensions, known as Tits p-indexes. We provide in this article the complete description of the values of the Tits p-indexes over fields. From this exhaustive study, we also deduce criteria of motivic equivalence for semisimple groups of many types, hence giving a dictionary between classic algebraic structures, representation theory, cohomological invariants and Chow motives of the twisted flag varieties for those groups.
Let $\mathrm{k}_{0}$ be a field and $W$ a finite orthogonal reflection group over $\mathrm{k}_{0}$. We prove Serre's splitting principle for cohomological invariants of $W$ with values in Rost's cycle modules (over $\mathrm{k}_{0}$) if the characteristic of $\mathrm{k}_{0}$ is coprime to $|W|$. We then show that this principle for such groups holds also for Witt- and Milnor-Witt $K$-theory invariants.
When the genus $g$ is even, we extend the computation of mod 2 cohomological invariants of $\mathcal{H}_g$ to non algebraically closed fields, we give an explicit functorial description of the invariants and we completely describe their multiplicative structure. In the Appendix, we show that the cohomological invariants of the compactification $\overline{\mathcal{H}}_g$ are trivial, and use our methods to give a very short proof of a result by Cornalba on the Picard group of the compactification $\overline{\mathcal{H}}_g$ and extend it to positive characteristic
The arithmetic motivic Poincaré series of a variety $V$ defined over a field of characteristic zero, is an invariant of singularities which was introduced by Denef and Loeser by analogy with the Serre-Oesterlé series in arithmetic geometry. They proved that this motivic series has a rational form which specializes to the Serre-Oesterlé series when $V$ is defined over the integers. This invariant, which is known explicitly for a few classes of singularities, remains quite mysterious. In this paper we study this motivic series when $V$ is an affine toric variety. We obtain a formula for the rati…
We provide a reduction formula for the motivic Donaldson-Thomas invariants associated to a quiver with superpotential. The method is valid provided the superpotential has a linear factor, it allows us to compute virtual motives in terms of ordinary motivic classes of simpler quiver varieties. We outline an application, giving explicit formulas for the motivic Donaldson-Thomas invariants of the orbifolds $[\CC \times \CC^2/\ZZ_n]$.
For a complex algebraic variety $X$, we show that triviality of the sheaf cohomology group $H^0(X,\mathcal{H}^3)$ occurring on the second page of the Bloch-Ogus spectral sequence follows from a condition on the integral Chow group $CH^2X$ and the integral cohomology group $H^3(X, Z)$. In the case that $X$ is an appropriate approximation to the classifying stack $BG$ of a finite $p$-group $G$, this result states that the group $G$ has no degree three cohomological invariants. As a corollary we show that the nonabelian groups of order $p^3$ for odd prime $p$ have no degree three cohomological in…
We compute the invariants so of Weyl groups in mod 2 Milnor K-theory and more general cycle modules, which are annihilated by 2. Over a base field of characteristic coprime to the group order, the invariants decompose as direct sums of the coefficient module. All basis elements are induced either by Stiefel-Whitney classes or specific invariants in the Witt ring. The proof is based on Serre's splitting principle that guarantees detection of invariants on elementary abelian 2-subgroups generated by reflections.
An invariant I of quasiprojective K-varieties X with values in a commutative ring R is "motivic" if I(X)= I(Y)+I(X\Y) for Y closed in X, and I(X x Y)=I(X)I(Y). Examples include Euler characteristics chi and virtual Poincare and Hodge polynomials. We first define a unique extension I' of I to finite type Artin K-stacks F, which is motivic and satisfies I'([X/G])=I(X)/I(G) when X is a K-variety, G a "special" K-group acting on X, and [X/G] is the quotient stack. This only works if I(G) is invertible in R for all special K-groups G, which excludes I=chi as chi(K*)=0. But we can extend the constru…
We construct a motivic spectral sequence for the relative homotopy invariant K-theory of a closed immersion of schemes $D \subset X$. The $E_2$-terms of this spectral sequence are the cdh-hypercohomology of a complex of equi-dimensional cycles. Using this spectral sequence, we obtain a cycle class map from the relative motivic cohomology group of 0-cycles to the relative homotopy invariant K-theory. For a smooth scheme $X$ and a divisor $D \subset X$, we construct a canonical homomorphism from the Chow groups with modulus $\CH^i(X|D)$ to the relative motivic cohomology groups $H^{2i}(X|D, \Z(i…
Let X be a nonsingular algebraic variety in characteristic zero. To an effective divisor on X Kontsevich has associated a certain 'motivic integral', living in a completion of the Grothendieck ring of algebraic varieties. He used this invariant to show that birational Calabi-Yau varieties have the same Hodge numbers. Then Denef and Loeser introduced the motivic (Igusa) zeta function, associated to a regular function on X, which specializes to both the classical p-adic Igusa zeta function and the topological zeta function, and also to Kontsevich's invariant. This paper treats a generalization t…
