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arXiv 0905.3668cs.LO
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一阶逻辑片断的Lindstrom定理

Lindstrom theorems for fragments of first-order logic

Johan van Benthem, Balder ten Cate, Jouko Vaananen

摘要:

林斯特伦定理用模型论的条件来描述逻辑,如紧性和Löwenheim-Skolem性质。大多数现有的这类刻画关注一阶逻辑的扩展。但另一方面,与计算机科学相关的许多逻辑是一阶逻辑的片段或片段的扩展,例如,k变量逻辑和各种模态逻辑。寻找这些语言的Lindström定理可能具有挑战性,因为大多数已知的技术依赖于编码参数,这些参数似乎需要一阶逻辑的全部表达能力。本文给出了一阶逻辑的几个片段的Lindström定理,包括k>2的k-变量片段,Tarski关系代数,分次模态逻辑和二元保护片段。我们使用两种不同的证明技术。一个是对原始林斯特龙证明的修改。另一个涉及互模拟,树解开,有限深度的模态概念。我们的研究结果也暗示语义保持定理。

英文摘要:

Lindström theorems characterize logics in terms of model-theoretic conditions such as Compactness and the Löwenheim-Skolem property. Most existing characterizations of this kind concern extensions of first-order logic. But on the other hand, many logics relevant to computer science are fragments or extensions of fragments of first-order logic, e.g., k-variable logics and various modal logics. Finding Lindström theorems for these languages can be challenging, as most known techniques rely on coding arguments that seem to require the full expressive power of first-order logic. In this paper, we provide Lindström theorems for several fragments of first-order logic, including the k-variable fragments for k>2, Tarski's relation algebra, graded modal logic, and the binary guarded fragment. We use two different proof techniques. One is a modification of the original Lindström proof. The other involves the modal concepts of bisimulation, tree unraveling, and finite depth. Our results also imply semantic preservation theorems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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