A combination of dressing method and variation of constants as well as a formula for constructing the eigenfunction is used to solve the extended KP hierarchy, which is a hierarchy with one more series of time-flow and based on the symmetry constaint of KP hierarchy. Similarly, extended mKP hierarchy is formulated and its zero curvature form, Lax representation and reductions are presented. Via gauge transformation, it is easy to transform dressing solutions of extended KP hierarchy to the solutions of extended mKP hierarchy. Wronskian solutions of extended KP and extended mKP hierarchies are constructed explicitly.
We constructed new classes of exact multi-lump solutions of mKP-1,2 equations with integrable boundary condition $u(x,y,t)\big|_{y=0}=0$ by the use of $\overline\partial$-dressing method of Zakharov and Manakov. We exactly satisfied reality and boundary conditions for the field $u(x,y,t)$ using general determinant formula for multi-lump solutions. We illustrated new calculated classes by simple examples of two-lump solutions and demonstrated how fulfilment of integrable boundary condition $u\big|_{y=0}=0$ via special nonlinear superposition of several single lumps leads to formation of certain…
We proposed general scheme for construction of exact real periodical solutions of mKP-1 equation via Zakharov-Manakov $\overline{\partial}$-dressing method, derived convenient determinant formula for calculation of such solutions and demonstrated how reality and boundary conditions for the field $u(x,y,t)$ can be satisfied. We calculated the new classes of exact periodical solutions of mKP-1 equation: 1. the class of nonsingular one-periodic solutions or nonlinear plane monochromatic waves; 2. the class of two-periodic solutions without imposition of any boundary condition; 3. the class of two…
Based on the eigenfunction symmetry constraint of the q-deformed modified KP hierarchy, a q-deformed mKP hierarchy with self-consistent sources ($q$-mKPHSCSs) is constructed. The q-mKPHSCSs contains two types of q-deformed mKP equation with self-consistent sources. By combination of the dressing method and the method of variation of constants, a generalized dressing approach is proposed to solve the q-deformed KP hierarchy with self-consistent sources ($q$-KPHSCSs). Using the gauge transformation between the $q$-KPHSCSs and the $q$-mKPHSCSs, the q-deformed Wronskian solutions for the $q$-KPHSC…
In this paper squared eigenfunction symmetry of the differential-difference modified Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (D$Δ$mKP) hierarchy and its constraint are considered. Under the constraint, the Lax triplets of the D$Δ$mKP hierarchy, together with their adjoint forms, give rise to the positive relativistic Toda (R-Toda) hierarchy. An invertible transformation is given to connect the positive and negative R-Toda hierarchies. The positive R-Toda hierarchy is reduced to the differential-difference Burgers hierarchy. We also consider another D$Δ$mKP hierarchy and show that its squared eigenfunction symm…
Additional symmetries of the KP-mKP hierarchy and Virasoro constraints to the Burgers-KdV hierarchy
School of Mathematics, Sun Yat-Sen University（中山大学数学学院）；School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University（广东技术师范大学数学与系统科学学院）
We demonstrate that commuting quasilinear systems of Jordan block type are parametrised by solutions of the modified KP hierarchy. Systems of this form naturally occur as hydrodynamic reductions of multi-dimensional linearly degenerate dispersionless integrable PDEs.
We give 4 formulations of the Modified KP hierarchy and show that they are equivalent. We also discuss the reductions of the MKP hierarchy to the modified $n$-KdV hierarchies. As a byproduct, we find an astonishingly simple explicit description of all polynomial tau-functions of the KP, the MKP and the $n$-KdV hierarchies, and (implicitly) also for the modified $n$-KdV hierarchy.
We extend Gesztesy-Holden's method to 2+1 dimensional case to obtain a unified construction to the algebro-geometric solutions of the whole modified Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (mKP) hierarchy. Our tools include the relations between solutions of the Gerdjikov-Ivanov (GI) and mKP hierarchy, the Baker-Akhiezer functions in 2+1 dimensions, a special function $ψ_1(P)ψ_2(P^*)$ on $X\times \mathbb{R}^3$ and Dubrovin-type equations for auxiliary divisors.
In this paper we conjecture that the generating function of the intersection numbers on the moduli spaces of Riemann surfaces with boundary, constructed recently by R. Pandharipande, J. Solomon and R. Tessler and extended by A. Buryak, is a tau-function of the KP integrable hierarchy. Moreover, it is given by a simple modification of the Kontsevich matrix integral so that the generating functions of open and closed intersection numbers are described by the MKP integrable hierarchy. Virasoro constraints for the open intersection numbers naturally follow from the matrix integral representation.
Following the approach of [Alexandrov A., Kazakov V., Leurent S., Tsuboi Z., Zabrodin A., J. High Energy Phys. 2013 (2013), no. 9, 064, 65 pages, arXiv:1112.3310], we show how to construct the master T-operator for the quantum inhomogeneous GL(N) XXX spin chain with twisted boundary conditions. It satisfies the bilinear identity and Hirota equations for the classical mKP hierarchy. We also characterize the class of solutions to the mKP hierarchy that correspond to eigenvalues of the master T-operator and study dynamics of their zeros as functions of the spectral parameter. This implies a remar…
A new (γ_n,σ_k)-KP hierarchy with two new time series γ_n and σ_k, which consists of γ_n-flow, σ_k-flow and mixed γ_n and σ_k evolution equations of eigenfunctions, is proposed. Two reductions and constrained flows of (γ_n,σ_k)-KP hierarchy are studied. The dressing method is generalized to the (γ_n,σ_k)-KP hierarchy and some solutions are presented.
Inspired by the squared eigenfunction symmetry constraint, we introduce a new $\ta_k$-flow by ``extending'' a specific $t_n$-flow of discrete KP hierarchy (DKPH). We construct extended discrete KPH (exDKPH), which consists of $t_n$-flow, $\ta_k$-flow and $t_n$ evolution of eigenfunction and adjoin eigenfunctions, and its Lax representation. The exDKPH contains two types of discrete KP equation with self-consistent sources (DKPESCS). Two reductions of exDKPH are obtained. The generalized dressing approach for solving the exDKPH is proposed and the N-soliton solutions of two types of the DKPESCS…
We consider six-dimensional heavenly equation as a reduction in the framework of general six-dimensional linearly degenerate dispersionless hierarchy. We characterise the reduction in terms of wave functions, introduce generating relation, Lax-Sato equations and develop the dressing scheme for the reduced hierarchy. Using the dressing scheme, we construct a class of solutions for six-dimensional heavenly equation in terms of implicit functions.
We propose an approach to the nonvanishing boundary value problem for integrable hierarchies based on the dressing method. Then we apply the method to the AKNS hierarchy. The solutions are found by introducing appropriate vertex operators that takes into account the boundary conditions.
We present the hierarchy and soliton solutions associated to a multi-component generalisation of the modified Korteweg-de Vries equation. A recursive formula for obtaining the Lax operators associated to the higher flows of the hierarchy is provided. Using the method of rational dressing and the symmetries of the Lax operators we obtain the one-soliton solution. We also derive the general rank one-breather solution and express it in terms of determinants. We present the simplest case of the one-breather solution, which is parametrised by two constant unit vectors normal to each other. Finally,…
We identify the self-similarity limit of the second flow of $sl(N)$ mKdV hierarchy with the periodic dressing chain thus establishing % a connection to $A^{(1)}_{N-1}$ invariant Painlevé equations. The $A^{(1)}_{N-1}$ Bäcklund symmetries of dressing equations and Painlevé equations are obtained in the self-similarity limit of gauge transformations of the mKdV hierarchy realized as zero-curvature equations on the loop algebra $\widehat{sl}(N)$ endowed with a principal gradation.
We consider quadratic bundles related to Hermitian symmetric spaces of the type SU(m+n)/S(U(m)x U(n)). The simplest representative of the corresponding integrable hierarchy is given by a multi-component Kaup-Newell derivative nonlinear Schroedinger equation which serves as a motivational example for our general considerations. We extensively discuss how one can apply Zakharov-Shabat's dressing procedure to derive reflectionless potentials obeying zero boundary conditions. Those could be used for one to construct fast decaying solutions to any nonlinear equation belonging to the same hierarchy.…
We consider the generalized matrix non-linear Schrodinger (NLS) hierarchy. By employing the universal Darboux-dressing scheme we derive solutions for the hierarchy of integrable PDEs via solutions of the matrix Gelfand-Levitan-Marchenko equation, and we also identify recursion relations that yield the Lax pairs for the whole matrix NLS-type hierarchy. These results are obtained considering either matrix-integral or general $n^{th}$ order matrix-differential operators as Darboux-dressing transformations. In this framework special links with the Airy and Burgers equations are also discussed. The…
Okounkov and Pandharipande proved that the equivariant Toda hierarchy governs the equivariant Gromov-Witten theory of $\mathbb{CP}^1$. A technical clue of their method is a pair of dressing operators on the Fock space of 2D charged free fermion fields. We reformulate these operators as difference operators in the Lax formalism of the 2D Toda hierarchy. This leads to a new explanation to the question of why the equivariant Toda hierarchy emerges in the equivariant Gromov-Witten theory of $\mathbb{CP}^1$. Moreover, the non-equivariant limit of these operators turns out to capture the integrable …
With the square eigenfunctions symmetry constraint, we introduce a new extended matrix KP hierarchy and its Lax representation from the matrix KP hierarchy by adding a new $τ_B$ flow. The extended KP hierarchy contains two time series ${t_A}$ and ${τ_B}$ and eigenfunctions and adjoint eigenfunctions as components. The extended matrix KP hierarchy and its $t_A$-reduction and $τ_B$ reduction include two types of matrix KP hierarchy with self-consistent sources and two types of (1+1)-dimensional reduced matrix KP hierarchy with self-consistent sources. In particular, the first type and second typ…
We consider an integrable hierarchy of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEE) related to linear bundle Lax operator L. The Lax representation is Z2 \times Z2 reduced and is naturally associated with the symmetric space SU(3)/S(U(1) \times U(2)). The simplest nontrivial equation in the hierarchy is a generalization of Heisenberg ferromagnetic model. We construct the N-soliton solutions for an arbitrary member of the hierarchy by using the Zakharov-Shabat dressing method with an appropriately chosen dressing factor. Two types of soliton solutions: quadruplet and doublet solitons are found. The one…
The intermediate long wave (ILW) hierarchy and its generalization, labelled by a positive integer $N$, can be formulated as reductions of the lattice KP hierarchy. The integrability of the lattice KP hierarchy is inherited by these reduced systems. In particular, all solutions can be captured by a factorization problem of difference operators. A special solution among them is obtained from Okounkov and Pandharipande's dressing operators for the equivariant Gromov-Witten theory of $\mathbb{CP}^1$. This indicates a hidden link with the equivariant Toda hierarchy. The generalized ILW hierarchy is…
New soliton solutions for Chen-Lee-Liu and Burgers hierarchies and its Bäcklund transformations
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Física Teórica (IFT)（圣保罗州立大学理论物理研究所）；School of Mathematics & Hamilton Mathematics Institute, Trinity College Dublin（都柏林三一学院数学与汉密尔顿数学研究所）；Department of Physics, University of Illinois Chicago（伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校物理系）；Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Depto. de Física（埃斯皮里托桑托联邦大学物理系）
