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arXiv 0904.2198cond-mat.mes-hall
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旋进磁化下磁性隧道结中自旋和电荷泵的非平衡格林函数方法

Spin and charge pumping in magnetic tunnel junctions with precessing magnetization: A nonequilibrium Green function approach

Son-Hsien Chen, Ching-Ray Chang, John Q. Xiao, Branislav K. Nikolic

摘要:

我们研究了自旋和电荷电流的旋进磁化的单个铁磁层内的F |I| N或F |I| F(F-铁磁体; I-绝缘体; N-正常金属)纳米级厚度的多层膜连接到两个正常的金属电极,它们之间没有施加偏置电压。我们以简单的一维模型(由一个旋进自旋和一个势垒组成的“样品”)和真实的三维器件为研究对象。在旋转的参考系中,磁化似乎是静态的,这些结被映射到一个四端直流电路,其有效的半金属铁磁电极偏置的频率$\hbar ω/e$的微波辐射驱动磁化旋进的铁磁共振(FMR)条件。我们发现,F |I| F结中的泵浦自旋电流,隧道势垒后面减少,并在相反的方向上增加,被过滤成电荷电流的第二$F$层产生直流泵浦电压的顺序$\sim 1$ $μ$ V(在FMR频率$\sim 10$ GHz)在开路。在F |I| N器件中,由于在泵浦的旋转帧图像中连接四个电极的传输系数中的势垒引起的不对称性,几个数量级的较小的充电电流和相应的直流电压伴随着泵浦的自旋电流出现。

英文摘要:

We study spin and charge currents pumped by precessing magnetization of a single ferromagnetic layer within F|I|N or F|I|F (F-ferromagnet; I-insulator; N-normal-metal) multilayers of nanoscale thickness attached to two normal metal electrodes with no applied bias voltage between them. Both simple one-dimensional model, consisting of a single precessing spin and a potential barrier as the "sample," and realistic three-dimensional devices are investigated. In the rotating reference frame, where the magnetization appears to be static, these junctions are mapped onto a four-terminal dc circuit whose effectively half-metallic ferromagnetic electrodes are biased by the frequency $\hbar ω/e$ of microwave radiation driving magnetization precession at the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) conditions. We show that pumped spin current in F|I|F junctions, diminished behind the tunnel barrier and increased in the opposite direction, is filtered into charge current by the second $F$ layer to generate dc pumping voltage of the order of $\sim 1$ $μ$V (at FMR frequency $\sim 10$ GHz) in an open circuit. In F|I|N devices, several orders of magnitude smaller charge current and the corresponding dc voltage appear concomitantly with the pumped spin current due to barrier induced asymmetry in the transmission coefficients connecting the four electrodes in the rotating frame picture of pumping.

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