arXiv 0904.10522009-04astro-ph.CO

银河系中宇宙弦环的谐波引力波谱

Harmonic Gravitational Wave Spectra of Cosmic String Loops in the Galaxy

Matthew R DePies, Craig J Hogan

备注：: 8 pages, 6 figures; figures removed, text edited, references added

摘要：

描述了一种新的引力辐射候选源：来自宇宙弦单个圈的近似完美谐波序列。有人认为，轻宇宙弦的理论产生了大量的长寿稳定环，其中许多与暗物质一起聚集在星系晕中。每一个宇宙弦环都产生一个离散频率的频谱，它是一个近乎完美的谐波序列，一个基本模式及其整数倍。对来自我们星系晕中宇宙弦环的引力波信号进行了数值分析，发现对于轻弦，最近的环通常产生强信号，这些信号在来自星系双星的混淆噪声中脱颖而出。银河系中宇宙弦环的总人口也产生了一个广泛的信号，作为一个混乱的噪音。这两个信号都被引力束缚在银河系上的环的聚集所增强，这显着减少了从太阳系到最近环的平均距离。数值估计表明，当无量纲弦张力Gμ< 10^{-11}时，在星系晕中可能会发现许多环。更轻的弦，低至Gμ=10^{-19}，可以被激光干涉仪空间天线（LISA）探测到。对于这些光弦，典型环路的基波和低次谐波通常位于LISA敏感的波段，0.1至100 mHz。宇宙弦环模式的谐波性质留下了与任何其他已知的引力波源不同的独特光谱特征。

英文摘要：

A new candidate source of gravitational radiation is described: the nearly-perfect harmonic series from individual loops of cosmic string. It is argued that theories with light cosmic strings give rise to a population of numerous long-lived stable loops, many of which cluster gravitationally in galaxy halos along with the dark matter. Each cosmic string loop produces a spectrum of discrete frequencies in a nearly perfect harmonic series, a fundamental mode and its integer multiples. The gravitational wave signal from cosmic string loops in our Galactic halo is analyzed numerically and it is found that the for light strings, the nearest loops typically produce strong signals which stand out above the confusion noise from Galactic binaries. The total population of cosmic string loops in the Milky Way also produces a broad signal that acts as a confusion noise. Both signals are enhanced by the clustering of loops gravitationally bound to the Galaxy, which significantly decreases the average distance from the solar system to the nearest loop. Numerical estimates indicate that for dimensionless string tension Gμ< 10^{-11}, many loops are likely to be found in the Galactic halo. Lighter strings, down to Gμ=10^{-19}, are detectable by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). For these light strings, the fundamental and low-order harmonics of typical loops often lie in the band where LISA is sensitive, 0.1 to 100 mHz. The harmonic nature of the cosmic string loop modes leaves a distinct spectral signature different from any other known source of gravitational waves.

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