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arXiv 0903.2260astro-ph.SR
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红超巨星WOH G64的物理性质:已知最大的恒星?

The Physical Properties of the Red Supergiant WOH G64: The Largest Star Known?

Emily M. Levesque, Philip Massey, Bertrand Plez, Knut A. G. Olsen

摘要:

WOH G 64是大麦云星云(LMC)中一颗不寻常的红超巨星(RSG),它有许多与其他大麦哲伦星云RSG不同的特性,包括厚厚的星周尘埃环、异常的晚期光谱类型、脉泽活动和星云发射线。它的物理性质也是极端的,包括已知恒星中最大的半径和比大麦哲伦星系中其他RSG低得多的有效温度,这两者都与恒星演化理论不符。我们将WOH G64的中分辨率光学分光光度法与MARCS恒星大气模型进行了拟合,确定了有效温度为3400 +/- 25 K。我们从恒星的宽带V-K色得到了类似的结果.利用这个有效温度,并考虑到来自非对称星周尘埃包层的通量贡献,我们计算出WOH G64的log(L/L_sun)= 5.45 +/- 0.05,与Ohnaka及其合作者基于恒星尘埃环辐射转移模型报告的光度非常相似。我们确定的半径R/R_sun = 1540,使WOH G64的大小和它在H-R图上的位置与已知的最大的银河系RSG相一致,尽管它仍然是LMC的极端。此外,我们使用Ca II三重态吸收特征确定该恒星的径向速度为294 +/- 2 km/s;这与大麦哲伦星系盘中旋转气体的径向速度相同,这证实了它在大麦哲伦星系中的成员资格,并排除了它是一个不寻常的星系晕巨星。最后,我们描述了这颗恒星不同寻常的星云发射光谱;气体富含氮气,并受到冲击加热,其径向速度比恒星本身的径向速度大50 km/s。

英文摘要:

WOH G64 is an unusual red supergiant (RSG) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), with a number of properties that set it apart from the rest of the LMC RSG population, including a thick circumstellar dust torus, an unusually late spectral type, maser activity, and nebular emission lines. Its reported physical properties are also extreme, including the largest radius for any star known and an effective temperature that is much cooler than other RSGs in the LMC, both of which are at variance with stellar evolutionary theory. We fit moderate-resolution optical spectrophotometry of WOH G64 with the MARCS stellar atmosphere models, determining an effective temperature of 3400 +/- 25 K. We obtain a similar result from the star's broadband V - K colors. With this effective temperature, and taking into account the flux contribution from the aysmmetric circumstellar dust envelope, we calculate log(L/L_sun) = 5.45 +/- 0.05 for WOH G64, quite similar to the luminosity reported by Ohnaka and collaborators based on their radiative transfer modeling of the star's dust torus. We determine a radius of R/R_sun = 1540, bringing the size of WOH G64 and its position on the H-R diagram into agreement with the largest known Galactic RSGs, although it is still extreme for the LMC. In addition, we use the Ca II triplet absorption feature to determine a radial velocity of 294 +/- 2 km/s for the star; this is the same radial velocity as the rotating gas in the LMC's disk, which confirms its membership in the LMC and precludes it from being an unusual Galactic halo giant. Finally, we describe the star's unusual nebula emission spectrum; the gas is nitrogen-rich and shock-heated, and displays a radial velocity that is significantly more positive than the star itself by 50 km/s.

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