We study power series and analyticity in the quaternionic setting. We first consider a function f defined as the sum of a quaternionic power series centered at 0 in its domain of convergence (which is a ball B(0,R) centered at 0). At each point p of this ball, f admits expansions in terms of appropriately defined 'regular power series centered at p'. The expansion holds in a ball Sigma(p, R-|p|), defined with respect to a (non-Euclidean) distance sigma. We thus say that f is 'sigma-analytic' in B(0,R). Furthermore, we remark that Sigma(p, R-|p|) is not always an Euclidean neighborhood of p; when it is, we say that f is 'quaternionic analytic' at p. It turns out that f is quaternionic analytic only near the real axis.
We then relate these notions of anayticity to the class of regular quaternionic functions introduced in Adv. Math. 216 (2007), 279-301, and recently extended. Indeed, sigma-analyticity proves equivalent to regularity, in the same way as complex analyticity is equivalent to holomorphy. Hence the theory of regular quaternionic functions, which is quickly developing, reveals a new feature that reminds the nice properties of holomorphic complex functions.
We prove a version of the classical Mittag-Leffler Theorem for regular functions over quaternions. Our result relies upon an appropriate notion of principal part, that is inspired by the recent definition of spherical analyticity.
Complex analyticity is generalized to hypercomplex functions, quaternion or octonion, in such a manner that it includes the standard complex definition and does not reduce analytic functions to a trivial class. A brief comparison with other definitions is presented.
Taylor's and Laurent's expansions of $G$-monogenic mappings taking values in the algebra of complex quaternion are obtained and singularities of these mappings are classified.
We introduce the regular product for Cullen-regular quaternionic functions in a manner that does not depend upon a representation in power series but upon another, weaker kind of representation. The special case when the functions are represented as quaternionic power series is studied. We show that the regular ring of quaternionic power series is a subring of the regular associative ring of real-analytical Hyperholomorphic functions.
We propose a new way to compute the radius of convergence for Quaternionic hyperholomorphic functions and for Octonion analytic functions. We extend the theorem of Cauchy Hadamard and the theorem of Abel on convergence of series to Quaternionic analysis with the Fueter Operator, to Quaternionic analysis with the Moisil Theodoresco operator and to the Octonion analysis with the Fueter operator.
A slice regular analogue of the Malmquist-Takenaka system is investigated. It is proved that they form a complete orthonormal system in the quaternionic Hardy spaces of the unit ball. The properties of associated projection operator are studied. Key Words and Phrases: Functions of hypercomplex variables, quaternionic Hardy spaces, series expansions, interpolation, approximation by rational functions, quaternionic Malmquist-Takenaka system
This paper studies the singularities of Cullen-regular functions of one quaternionic variable. The quaternionic Laurent series prove to be Cullen-regular. The singularities of Cullen-regular functions are thus classified as removable, essential or poles. The quaternionic analogues of meromorphic complex functions, called semiregular functions, turn out to be quotients of Cullen-regular functions with respect to an appropriate division operation. This allows a detailed study of the poles and their distribution.
We extend our previous study of quaternionic analysis based on representation theory to the case of split quaternions H_R. The special role of the unit sphere in the classical quaternions H identified with the group SU(2) is now played by the group SL(2,R) realized by the unit quaternions in H_R. As in the previous work, we use an analogue of the Cayley transform to relate the analysis on SL(2,R) to the analysis on the imaginary Lobachevski space SL(2,C)/SL(2,R) identified with the one-sheeted hyperboloid in the Minkowski space M. We study the counterparts of Cauchy-Fueter and Poisson formulas…
Shifted and modulated Gaussian functions play a vital role in the representation of signals. We extend the theory into a quaternionic setting, using two exponential kernels with two complex numbers. As a final result, we show that every continuous and quaternion-valued signal $f$ in the Wiener space can be expanded into a unique $\ell^2$ series on a lattice at critical density $1$, provided one more point is added in the middle of a cell. We call that a relaxed Gabor expansion.
We generalize the representation formula from slice-domains of regularity to general Riemann slice-domains. This result allows us to extend the $*$-product of slice regular functions on axially symmetric domains to certain Riemann slice-domains by introducing holomorphic stem systems and tensor holomorphic functions. In particular, we construct a power series expansions of slice regular functions on certain Riemann slice-domains, which implies a relation between stem holomorphic, tensor holomorphic and slice regular functions.
The main goal of this paper is to generalize Bohr's phenomenon from complex one-dimensional analysis to higher dimensions in the framework of Quaternionic Analysis.
A new class of regular quaternionic functions, defined by power series in a natural fashion, has been introduced in recent years. Several results of the theory recall the classical complex analysis, whereas other results reflect the peculiarity of the quaternionic structure. A more recent paper identified a larger class of domains, on which the study of regular functions is most natural and not limited to the study of quaternionic power series. In the present paper we extend some basic results concerning the algebraic and topological properties of the zero set to regular functions defined on t…
The theory of quaternionic slice regular functions was introduced in 2006 and successfully developed for about a decade over symmetric slice domains, which appeared to be the natural setting for their study. Some recent articles paved the way for a further development of the theory: namely, the study of slice regular functions on slice domains that are not necessarily symmetric. The present work is a panorama of geometric function theory in this new context, where new phenomena appear. For instance, the nature of the zero sets can be drastically different than in the symmetric case. The work i…
A promising theory of quaternion-valued functions of one quaternionic variable, now called slice regular functions, has been introduced in 2006. The basic examples of slice regular functions are power series centered at 0 on their balls of convergence. Conversely, if f is a slice regular function then it admits at each point of its domain an expansion into power series, where the powers are taken with respect to an appropriately defined multiplication *. However, the information provided by such an expansion is somewhat limited by a fact: if the center p of the series does not lie on the real …
We study the convergence of a formal power series of two variables if its restrictions on curves belonging to a certain family are convergent. Also analyticity of a given $C^\infty $ function $f$ is proved when the restriction of $f$ on analytic curves belonging to some family is analytic. Our results generalize two known statements: a theorem of P. Lelong and the Bochnak-Siciak Theorem. The questions we study fall into the category of "Osgood-Hartogs-type" problems.
Six years after William Rowan Hamilton's discovery of quaternions, in 1849 James Cockle introduced the algebra of split quaternions. (He called them ``coquaternions.'') In this paper we define regular functions on split quaternions and prove two different analogues of the Cauchy-Fueter formula for these functions. In the paper "Split quaternionic analysis and the separation of the series for SL(2,R) and SL(2,C)/SL(2,R)" joint with Igor Frenkel we naturally apply the methods and formulas of quaternionic analysis to solve the problems of harmonic analysis on SL(2,R) and the imaginary Lobachevski…
In the series of papers [FL,FL2] we approach quaternionic analysis from the point of view of representation theory of the conformal group SL(4,C) and its real forms. This approach has proven very fruitful and pushed further the parallel with complex analysis and develop a rich theory. In [FL2] we study the counterparts of Cauchy-Fueter and Poisson formulas on the spaces of split quaternions H_R and Minkowski space M and show that they solve the problem of separation of the discrete and continuous series on SL(2,R) and the imaginary Lobachevski space SL(2,C)/SL(2,R). In particular, we introduce…
The main objective of this article is a constructive generalization of the holomorphic power and Laurent series expansions in C to dimension 3 using the framework of hypercomplex function theory. For this reason, deals the first part of this article with generalized Fourier & Taylor series expansions in the space of square integrable quaternion-valued functions which possess peculiar properties regarding the hypercomplex derivative and primitive. In analogy to the complex one-dimensional case, both series expansions are orthogonal series with respect to the unit ball in R^3 and their series co…
We study in detail the zero set of a regular function of a quaternionic or octonionic variable. By means of a division lemma for convergent power series, we find the exact relation existing between the zeros of two octonionic regular functions and those of their product. In the case of octonionic polynomials, we get a strong form of the fundamental theorem of algebra. We prove that the sum of the multiplicities of zeros equals the degree of the polynomial and obtain a factorization in linear polynomials.
Beginning in 2006, G. Gentili and D.C. Struppa developed a theory of regular quaternionic functions with properties that recall classical results in complex analysis. For instance, in each Euclidean ball centered at 0 the set of regular functions coincides with that of quaternionic power series converging in the same ball. In 2009 the author proposed a classification of singularities of regular functions as removable, essential or as poles and studied poles by constructing the ring of quotients. In that article, not only the statements, but also the proving techniques were confined to the spec…
This is an addition to a series of papers [FL1, FL2, FL3, FL4], where we develop quaternionic analysis from the point of view of representation theory of the conformal Lie group and its Lie algebra. In this paper we develop split quaternionic analogues of certain results from [FL4]. Thus we introduce a space of functions ${\cal D}^h \oplus {\cal D}^a$ with a natural action of the Lie algebra $\mathfrak{gl}(2,\mathbb H_{\mathbb C}) \simeq \mathfrak{sl}(4,\mathbb C)$, decompose ${\cal D}^h \oplus {\cal D}^a$ into irreducible components and find the $\mathfrak{gl}(2,\mathbb H_{\mathbb C})$-equiva…
Entire functions in one complex variable are extremely relevant in several areas ranging from the study of convolution equations to special functions. An analog of entire functions in the quaternionic setting can be defined in the slice regular setting, a framework which includes polynomials and power series of the quaternionic variable. In the first chapters of this work we introduce and discuss the algebra and the analysis of slice regular functions. In addition to offering a self-contained introduction to the theory of slice-regular functions, these chapters also contain a few new results (…
In this paper we study left and right n-regular functions that originally were introduced in [FL4]. When n=1, these functions are the usual quaternionic left and right regular functions. We show that n-regular functions satisfy most of the properties of the usual regular functions, including the conformal invariance under the fractional linear transformations by the conformal group and the Cauchy-Fueter type reproducing formulas. Arguably, these Cauchy-Fueter type reproducing formulas for n-regular functions are quaternionic analogues of Cauchy's integral formula for the n-th order pole expres…
The aim of this work is to define a continuous functional calculus in quaternionic Hilbert spaces, starting from basic issues regarding the notion of spherical spectrum of a normal operator. As properties of the spherical spectrum suggest, the class of continuous functions to consider in this setting is the one of slice quaternionic functions. Slice functions generalize the concept of slice regular function, which comprises power series with quaternionic coefficients on one side and that can be seen as an effective generalization to quaternions of holomorphic functions of one complex variable.…
We study two types of series over a real alternative $^*$-algebra $A$. The first type are series of the form $\sum_{n} (x-y)^{\punto n}a_n$, where $a_n$ and $y$ belong to $A$ and $(x-y)^{\punto n}$ denotes the $n$--th power of $x-y$ w.r.t.\ the usual product obtained by requiring commutativity of the indeterminate $x$ with the elements of $A$. In the real and in the complex cases, the sums of power series define, respectively, the real analytic and the holomorphic functions. In the quaternionic case, a series of this type produces, in the interior of its set of convergence, a function belongin…
The main goal of this work is classifying the singularities of slice regular functions over a real alternative *-algebra A. This function theory has been introduced in 2011 as a higher-dimensional generalization of the classical theory of holomorphic complex functions, of the theory of slice regular quaternionic functions launched by Gentili and Struppa in 2006 and of the theory of slice monogenic functions constructed by Colombo, Sabadini and Struppa since 2009. Along with this generalization step, the larger class of slice functions over A has been defined. We introduce here a new type of se…
