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arXiv 0902.2246astro-ph.SR
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恒星纬向差旋的稳定性

Stability of latitudinal differential rotation in stars

L. L. Kitchatinov, G. Rüdiger

摘要:

这个问题是解决是否恒星差分旋转辐射区(如太阳速跃层)激发非轴对称的r-模式,可以观察到。为此,研究了纬向差异旋转的水动力稳定性。根据径向层化的特点,估算了产生不稳定所需的旋转剪切量,找到了不稳定所激发的流态,建立了三维非轴对称扰动的本征值方程,并进行了数值求解。包括径向位移和熵扰动。该方程包含严格水平位移的二维近似作为特殊限制。与二维近似相比,三维理论中不稳定性发生的纬向差异旋转的临界值大大降低。这种不稳定性需要亚绝热层结。它不存在于几乎绝热层结的对流区的大部分,但在穿透对流区,它可能在其底部附近打开。增长率和对称类型的模式计算依赖于旋转定律参数。S1模式及其跨赤道环形涡被预测为主导的不稳定模式。涡旋的纵向漂移率逆行的基本旋转,这是接近所观察到的弱r-模式签名在太阳表面。

英文摘要:

The question is addressed whether stellar differentially rotating radiative zones (like the solar tachocline) excite nonaxisymmetric r-modes which can be observed. To this end the hydrodynamical stability of latitudinal differential rotation is studied. The amount of rotational shear required for the instability is estimated in dependence of the character of radial stratification and the flow patterns excited by the instability are found. The eigenvalue equations for the nonaxisymmetric disturbances are formulated in 3D and then solved numerically. Radial displacements and entropy disturbances are included. The equations contain the 2D approximation of strictly horizontal displacements as a special limit. The critical magnitude of the latitudinal differential rotation for onset of the instability is considerably reduced in the 3D theory compared to the 2D approximation. The instability requires a subadiabatic stratification. It does not exist in the bulk of convection zone with almost adiabatic stratification but may switch on near its base in the region of penetrative convection. Growth rates and symmetry types of the modes are computed in dependence on the rotation law parameters. The S1 mode with its transequatorial toroidal vortices is predicted as the dominating instability mode. The vortices show longitudinal drift rates retrograde to the basic rotation which are close to that of the observed weak r-mode signatures at the solar surface.

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