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arXiv 1301.2248astro-ph.SR
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冕状包层对流发电机中的辐状差异旋转

Spoke-like differential rotation in a convective dynamo with a coronal envelope

Jörn Warnecke, Petri J. Käpylä, Maarit. J. Mantere, Axel Brandenburg

摘要:

我们报告的结果与外日冕层的对流发电机模拟。磁场是由地表下的对流运动自洽地产生的。在对流区上方,我们包括一个延伸到1.6个太阳半径的多变层。该区域的温度增加到$\approx8$乘以表面处的值,对应于$\approx1.2$乘以球壳底部处的值。我们把这个区域与日冕联系起来。我们发现太阳一样的差分旋转与恒定的旋转速率的径向轮廓,以及近表面的剪切层。这种非圆柱形的旋转轮廓是由非零纬度熵梯度引起的,它通过斜压项抵消了泰勒-普劳德曼平衡。赤道环流是多细胞的,在低纬度的地表附近有一个类似太阳的向极流动。在大多数情况下,平均磁场是振荡的,在两种情况下向赤道迁移。在其他情况下,向赤道方向的迁移被静止的甚至向极方向迁移的平均场所覆盖。

英文摘要:

We report on the results of four convective dynamo simulations with an outer coronal layer. The magnetic field is self-consistently generated by the convective motions beneath the surface. Above the convection zone, we include a polytropic layer that extends to 1.6 solar radii. The temperature increases in this region to $\approx8$ times the value at the surface, corresponding to $\approx1.2$ times the value at the bottom of the spherical shell. We associate this region with the solar corona. We find solar-like differential rotation with radial contours of constant rotation rate, together with a near-surface shear layer. This non-cylindrical rotation profile is caused by a non-zero latitudinal entropy gradient that offsets the Taylor--Proudman balance through the baroclinic term. The meridional circulation is multi-cellular with a solar-like poleward flow near the surface at low latitudes. In most of the cases, the mean magnetic field is oscillatory with equatorward migration in two cases. In other cases, the equatorward migration is overlaid by stationary or even poleward migrating mean fields.

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