理解自然-遗传学与进化之间的计算机模拟
To Understand Nature - Computer Modelling between Genetics and Evolution
摘要：
我们已经介绍了编码遗传信息的分子结构的基本知识，这些信息从DNA转移到蛋白质的机制以及与DNA复制有关的现象。特别是，我们已经描述了与前导和滞后DNA链的复制有关的突变压力的差异。我们已经展示了DNA的不对称复制如何影响基因组的结构、基因的位置、它们的功能和氨基酸组成。蛋白质编码序列进化的Monte Carlo模拟结果表明，遗传密码在最大限度地减少核苷酸取代对蛋白质氨基酸组成的影响方面具有特殊作用。模拟的结果进行了比较的基因组和蛋白质组数据库的分析结果。这一章被认为是对后面章节的介绍，在后面章节中，染色体与由核苷酸序列表示的基因被替换为具有单个比特表示基因的比特串。
英文摘要：
We have presented the basic knowledge on the structure of molecules coding the genetic information, mechanisms of transfer of this information from DNA to proteins and phenomena connected with replication of DNA. In particular, we have described the differences of mutational pressure connected with replication of the leading and lagging DNA strands. We have shown how the asymmetric replication of DNA affects the structure of genomes, positions of genes, their function and amino acid composition. Results of Monte Carlo simulations of evolution of protein coding sequences have shown a specific role of genetic code in minimizing the effect of nucleotide substitutions on the amino acid composition of proteins. The results of simulations were compared with the results of analyses of genomic and proteomic data bases. This chapter is considered as an introduction to further chapters where chromosomes with genes represented by nucleotide sequences were replaced by bitstrings with single bits representing genes.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
