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arXiv 0901.0968astro-ph.GA
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在21 cm吸收中观察到的Milky Way外盘

The Outer Disk of the Milky Way Seen in 21-cm Absorption

John M. Dickey, Simon Strasser, B. M. Gaensler, Marijke Haverkorn, Dain Kavars, N. M. McClure-Griffiths, Jeroen Stil, A. R. Taylor

摘要:

最近对银道面21厘米线辐射的三次观测,结合单碟和干涉仪观测,获得了1弧分至2弧分、1 km/s的分辨率和良好的亮度灵敏度,为研究星际介质中暖相和冷相H I的分布提供了约650个吸收谱和相应的发射谱。这些发射-吸收光谱对被用来研究银河系外盘中的星际中性氢的温度,在太阳圈之外,半径为25 kpc。冷中性介质在平面上方的半径和高度上分布,其参数与暖中性介质非常相似。特别是,发射与吸收的比率,给出了气体的平均自旋温度,在半径为25 kpc的情况下几乎保持不变。这表明冷相和暖相的混合物是一个稳定的量,星际环境的变化不会迫使H I进入一个只允许一个温度的状态。在外盘中,原子气相的混合物大约有15%到20%是冷的(40 K到60 K),其余的是热的,对应于平均自旋温度250到400 K。银河系的弯曲在吸收数据中清晰地显现出来,而熟悉的光速图上的其他特征在吸收方面具有类似的特征,其对比度甚至比21厘米的发射更高。在银河系的第三和第四象限,平面相当平坦,在吸收和发射方面,与第一和第二象限的强烈翘曲形成对比。在外盘中,冷气体和暖气体的尺度高度相似,都随银河半径的增加而增加。

英文摘要:

Three recent surveys of 21-cm line emission in the Galactic plane, combining single dish and interferometer observations to achieve resolution of 1 arcmin to 2 arcmin, 1 km/s, and good brightness sensitivity, have provided some 650 absorption spectra with corresponding emission spectra for study of the distribution of warm and cool phase H I in the interstellar medium. These emission-absorption spectrum pairs are used to study the temperature of the interstellar neutral hydrogen in the outer disk of the Milky Way, outside the solar circle, to a radius of 25 kpc. The cool neutral medium is distributed in radius and height above the plane with very similar parameters to the warm neutral medium. In particular, the ratio of the emission to the absorption, which gives the mean spin temperature of the gas, stays nearly constant with radius to 25 kpc radius. This suggests that the mixture of cool and warm phases is a robust quantity, and that the changes in the interstellar environment do not force the H I into a regime where there is only one temperature allowed. The mixture of atomic gas phases in the outer disk is roughly 15% to 20% cool (40 K to 60 K), the rest warm, corresponding to mean spin temperature 250 to 400 K. The Galactic warp appears clearly in the absorption data, and other features on the familiar longitude-velocity diagram have analogs in absorption with even higher contrast than for 21-cm emission. In the third and fourth Galactic quadrants the plane is quite flat, in absorption as in emission, in contrast to the strong warp in the first and second quadrants. The scale height of the cool gas is similar to that of the warm gas, and both increase with Galactic radius in the outer disk.

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