In this paper, considering the difference between the finiteness dimension and cohomological dimension for a finitely generated module, we investigate the asymptotic behavior of grades of components of graded local cohomology modules with respect to irrelevant ideal; as long as we study some artinian and tameness property of such modules.
In this paper we give an effective characterization of Hilbert functions and polynomials of standard algebras over an Artinian equicharacteristic local ring; the cohomological properties of such algebras are also studied. We describe algorithms to check the admissibility of a given function or polynomial as a Hilbert function or polynomial, and to produce a standard algebra with a given Hilbert function.
This paper at first concerns some criteria on Artinianness and vanishing of formal local cohomology modules. Then we consider the cosupport and the set of coassociated primes of these modules more precisely.
Let A be a standard graded Artinian algebra over a field of characteristic zero and let z be a linear form in A. We define the central simple modules for each such pair (A, z). Assume that A is Gorenstein. Then we prove that A has the strong Lefschetz property if and only if there exists a linear form z in A such that all central simple modules of the pair (A,z) have the strong Lefschetz property. In the course of proof we need to extend the definition of the strong Lefschetz property to finite graded modules over graded Artinian algebra, which previously was defined only for standard graded A…
This paper centers around Artinianness of the local cohomology of $ZD$-modules. Let $\fa$ be an ideal of a commutative Noetherian ring $R$. The notion of $\fa$-relative Goldie dimension of an $R$-module $M$, as a generalization of that of Goldie dimension is presented. Let $M$ be a $ZD$-module such that $\fa$-relative Goldie dimension of any quotient of $M$ is finite. It is shown that if $\dim R/\fa=0$, then the local cohomology modules $H^i_{\fa}(M)$ are Artinian. Also, it is proved that if $d=\dim M$ is finite, then $H^d_{\fa}(M)$ is Artinian, for any ideal $\fa$ of $R$ . These results exten…
We introduce the cohomological blow up of a graded Artinian Gorenstein (AG) algebra along a surjective map, which we term BUG (Blow Up Gorenstein) for short. This is intended to translate to an algebraic context the cohomology ring of a blow up of a projective manifold along a projective submanifold. We show, among other things, that a BUG is a connected sum, that it is the general fiber in a flat family of algebras, and that it preserves the strong Lefschetz property. We also show that standard graded compressed algebras are rarely BUGs, and we classify those BUGs that are complete intersecti…
Let $R$ be a Noetherian ring, $I$ an ideal of $R$ and $M$ an $R$-module. In this article, we examine the question of whether an arbitrary top local cohomology module, $\operatorname{H}^{\operatorname{cd}(I,M)}_I(M)$, is Artinian, or not. Several results related to this question are obtained; in particular, we prove that over a Noetherian local unique factorization domain $R$ of dimension three, for a finitely generated faithful module $M$, a top local cohomology module is Artinian if and only if $\operatorname{cd}(I,M)= 3$.
Let $(R,\mathfrak m)$ be a Noetherian local ring, $I$ an ideal of $R$ and $M$ a weakly finite or a coatomic $R$-module of dimension $n$. In this article, we resolve the Artinianness and non-Artinianness of top local cohomology modules, $H^{cd(I,M)}_I(M)$, in all cases except in the case $cd(I,M)=n-1$ and $dim(R/{I+Ann(M)})>1$ for which we have some sorter results under certain conditions.
Let $M$ be a finite module over a commutative noetherian ring $R$. For ideals $\fa$ and $\fb$ of $R$, the relations between cohomological dimensions of $M$ with respect to $\fa, \fb$, $\fa\cap\fb$ and $\fa+ \fb$ are studied. When $R$ is local, it is shown that $M$ is generalized Cohen-Macaulay if there exists an ideal $\fa$ such that all local cohomology modules of $M$ with respect to $\fa$ have finite lengths. Also, when $r$ is an integer such that $0\leq r< \dim_R(M)$, any maximal element $\fq$ of the non-empty set of ideals $\{\fa$ : $\H_\fa^i(M)$ is not artinian for some $i$, $i\geq r$$\}$…
The basic sequence of a homogeneous ideal $I\sset R=k[\seq{x}{1}{r}]$ defining an Artinian graded ring $A=R/I$ not having the weak Lefschetz property has the property that the first term of the last part is less than the last term of the penultimate part. For a general linear form $\ell$ in $\seq{x}{1}{r}$, this fact affects in a certain way the behavior of the $r-1$ square matrices in $k[\ell]$ which represent the multiplications of the elements of $A$ by $\seq{x}{1}{r-1}$ through a minimal free presentation of $A$ over $k[\ell]$. Taking advantage of it, we consider some modules over an algeb…
We use a result of Hellus about generalized local duality to describe some generalized Matlis duals for certain quasi-\F-modules. Furthermore, we apply this description to obtain examples for non-artinian local cohomology modules by the theory of \F-modules. In particular, we get a new view on Hartshorne's counterexample for a conjecture by Grothendieck about the finiteness of $Hom_R(R/I,H^i_I(R))$ for a noetherian local Ring $R$ and an ideal $I \subseteq R$.
We define the strong Lefschetz property for finite graded modules over graded Artinian algebras whose grading is not necessarily standard. We show that most results which have been obtained for Artinian algebras with standard grading can be extended for non-standard grading. Our results on the strong Lefschetz property for non-standard grading can be used to prove that certain Artinian complete intersections with standard grading have the strong Lefschetz property.
We study the general Jordan type of standard graded Artinian Gorenstein algebras, it is a finer invariant than Weak and Strong Lefschetz properties for those algebras. We prove that their Jordan types are determined by the rank of certain Mixed Hessians. We give a description of the possible Jordan types for algebras of low socle degree and low codimension.
We describe the graded characters and Hilbert functions of certain graded artinian Gorenstein quotients of the polynomial ring which are also representations of the symmetric group. Specifically, we look at those algebras whose socles are trivial representations and whose principal apolar submodules are generated by the sum of the orbit of a power of a linear form.
Let $\fa$ be an ideal of a Noetherian local ring $(R,\fm)$ and $M$ a finitely generated $R$-module. In this paper we introduce some criterions on Artinianness of formal local cohomology, in particular vanishing and finiteness of local cohomology modules. We find out the lower and upper bound for Artinianness of formal local cohomology
Let $A$ be a noetherian ring, $\fa$ an ideal of $A$, and $M$ an $A$--module. Some uniform theorems on the artinianness of certain local cohomology modules are proven in a general situation. They generalize and imply previous results about the artinianness of some special local cohomology modules in the graded case.
For a standard Artinian $k$-algebra $A=R/I$, we give equivalent conditions for $A$ to have the weak (or strong) Lefschetz property or the strong Stanley property in terms of the minimal system of generators of the generic initial ideal $\mathrm{gin}(I)$ of $I$ under the reverse lexicographic order. Using the equivalent condition for the weak Lefschetz property, we show that some graded Betti numbers of $\mathrm{gin}(I)$ are determined just by the the Hilbert function of $I$ if $A$ has the weak Lefschetz property. Furthermore, for the case that $A$ is a standard Artinian $k$-algebra of codimens…
Let $(R,\mathfrak{m})$ be a commutative Noetherian local ring, $M$ be a finitely generated $R$-module and $\mathfrak{a}$, $I$ and $J$ be ideals of $R$. We investigate the structure of formal local cohomology modules of $\mathfrak{F}^i_{\mathfrak{a},I,J}(M)$ and $\check{\mathfrak{F}}^i_{\mathfrak{a},I,J}(M)$ with respect to a pair of ideals, for all $i\geq 0$. The main subject of the paper is to study the finiteness properties and Artinianness of $\mathfrak{F}^i_{\mathfrak{a},I,J}(M)$ and $\check{\mathfrak{F}}^i_{\mathfrak{a},\mathfrak{m},J}(M)$. We study the maximum and minimum integer $i\in \…
In this paper we study the Weak Lefschetz property of two classes of standard graded Artinian Gorenstein algebras associated in a natural way to the Apéry set of numerical semigroups. To this aim we also prove a general result about the transfer of Weak Lefschetz property from an Artinian Gorenstein algebra to its quotients modulo a colon ideal.
We find a sufficient condition that $\H$ is not level based on a reduction number. In particular, we prove that a graded Artinian algebra of codimension 3 with Hilbert function $\H=(h_0,h_1,..., h_{d-1}>h_d=h_{d+1})$ cannot be level if $h_d\le 2d+3$, and that there exists a level O-sequence of codimension 3 of type $\H$ for $h_d \ge 2d+k$ for $k\ge 4$. Furthermore, we show that $\H$ is not level if $β_{1,d+2}(I^{\rm lex})=β_{2,d+2}(I^{\rm lex})$, and also prove that any codimension 3 Artinian graded algebra $A=R/I$ cannot be level if $β_{1,d+2}(\Gin(I))=β_{2,d+2}(\Gin(I))$. In this case, the H…
In this paper, we prove some well-known results on local cohomology with respect to a pair of ideals in graded version, such as, Independence Theorem, Lichtenbaum-Harshorne Vanishing Theorem, Basic Finiteness and Vanishing Theorem, among others. Besides, we present a generalized version of Melkersson Theorem about Artinianess of modules and a result concerning Artinianess of local cohomology modules.
In this paper we study Hilbert functions and isomorphism classes of Artinian level local algebras via Macaulay's inverse system. Upper and lower bounds concerning numerical functions admissible for level algebras of fixed type and socle degree are known. For each value in this range we exhibit a level local algebra with that Hilbert function, provided that the socle degree is at most three. Furthermore we prove that level local algebras of socle degree three and maximal Hilbert function are graded. In the graded case the extremal strata have been parametrized by Cho and Iarrobino.
A connected sum construction for local rings was introduced in a paper by H. Ananthnarayan, L. Avramov, and W.F. Moore. In the graded Artinian Gorenstein case, this can be viewed as an algebraic analogue of the topological construction of the same name. We give two alternative description of this algebraic connected sum: the first uses algebraic analogues of Thom classes of vector bundles and Gysin homomorphisms, the second is in terms of Macaulay dual generators. We also investigate the extent to which the connected sum construction preserves the weak or strong Lefschetz property, thus provid…
We deal with the Weak Lefschetz property (WLP) for Artinian standard graded Gorenstein algebras of codimension $3.$ We prove that many Gorenstein sequences force the WLP for such algebras. Moreover for every Gorenstein sequence $H$ of codimension 3 we found several Gorenstein Betti sequences compatible with $H$ which again force the WLP. Finally we show that for every Gorenstein Betti sequence the general Artinian standard graded Gorenstein algebra with such Betti sequence has the WLP.
Let $R$ be a noetherian ring, $\fa$ an ideal of $R$, $M$ an $R$--module and $n$ a non-negative integer. In this paper we first will study the finiteness properties of the kernel and the cokernel of the natural map $f:\Ext^n_{R}(R/\fa,M)\lo \Hom_{R}(R/\fa,\lc^{n}_{\fa}(M))$. Then we will get some corollaries about the associated primes and artinianness of local cohomology modules. Finally we will study the asymptotic behaviour of the kernel and the cokernel of this natural map in the graded case.
Let $R$ be a commutative noetherian ring, $I,J$ be two ideals of $R$, $M$ be an $R$-module, and $\mathcal{S}$ be a Serre class of $R$-modules. A positive answer to the Huneke$^,$s conjecture is given for a noetherian ring $R$ and minimax $R$-module $M$ of krull dimension less than 3, with respect to $\mathcal{S}$. There are some results on cofiniteness and artinianness of local cohomology modules with respect to a pair of ideals. For a ZD-module $M$ of finite krull dimension and an integer $n\in\mathbb{N}$, if $\lc^{i}_{I,J}(M)\in\mathcal{S}$ for all $i>n$, then $\lc^{i}_{I,J}(M)/\fa^{j}\lc^{i…
Let $R$ be a noetherian ring, $\fa$ an ideal of $R$, and $M$ an $R$--module. We prove that for a finite module $M$, if $\LC^{i}_{\fa}(M)$ is minimax for all $i\geq r\geq 1$, then $\LC^{i}_{\fa}(M)$ is artinian for $i\geq r$. A Local-global Principle for minimax local cohomology modules is shown. If $\LC^{i}_{\fa}(M)$ is coatomic for $i\leq r$ ($M$ finite) then $\LC^{i}_{\fa}(M)$ is finite for $i\leq r$. We give conditions for a module, which is locally minimax to be a minimax module. A non-vanishing theorem and some vanishing theorems are proved for local cohomology modules.
We study the weak Lefschetz property of a class of graded Artinian Gorenstein algebras of codimension three associated in a natural way to the Apéry set of a numerical semigroup generated by four natural numbers. We show that these algebras have the weak Lefschetz property whenever the initial degree of their defining ideal is small.
We study the linear space generated by the multigraded Betti diagrams of Z^n-graded artinian modules of codimension n whose resolutions become pure of a given type when taking total degrees. We show that the multigraded Betti diagram of the equivariant resolution constructed by D.Eisenbud, J.Weyman, and the author, and all its twists, form a basis for this linear space.
This article concerns commutative algebras over a field $k$ of characteristic zero which are finite dimensional as vectorspaces, and particularly those of such algebras which are graded. Here the term graded is applied to non-negatively graded algebras $A$ with $A_0$ reduced and finite dimensional. Thus the trivial grading $A=A_0$ is only allowed if $A$ is a product of finite field extensions of $k$. It has been conjectured (G. Cortiñas, S. Geller, C. Weibel; The Artinian Berger Conjecture. Math. Zeitschrift {\bf 228} 3 (1998) 569-588) that for all finite dimensional algebras $A$ which are not…
Let $R$ be a commutative Noetherian ring and $\fa$ an ideal of $R$. We intend to establish the dual of two Faltings' Theorems for local homology modules of an Artinian module. As a consequence of this, we show that, if $A$ is an Artinian module over semi-local complete ring $R$ and $j$ is an integer such that $H_i^{\fa}(A)$ is Artinian for all $i<j$, then the set $\Coass_R(H_j^{\fa}(A))$ is finite. We also introduce the notion of the $n$th Artinianness dimension $g_n^\fa(A)=\inf\{g^{\fa R_{\fp}}(^\fp A): \fp\in\Spec(R) \ \ \text{and} \ \ \dim R/\fp\geq n\}$, for all $n\in\mathbb{N}_{0}$ and pr…
Let $R=\bigoplus_{n\geq 0}R_n$, $\fa\supseteq \bigoplus_{n> 0}R_n$ and $M$ and $N$ be a standard graded ring, an ideal of $R$ and two finitely generated graded $R$-modules, respectively. This paper studies the homogeneous components of graded generalized local cohomology modules. First of all, we show that for all $i\geq 0$, $H^i_{\fa}(M, N)_n$, the $n$-th graded component of the $i$-th generalized local cohomology module of $M$ and $N$ with respect to $\fa$, vanishes for all $n\gg 0$. Furthermore, some sufficient conditions are proposed to satisfy the equality $\sup\{\en(H^i_{\fa}(M, N))| i\g…
Let $R$ be a standard graded Noetherian algebra over an Artinian local ring. Motivated by the work of Achilles and Manaresi in intersection theory, we first express the multiplicity of $R$ by means of local $j$-multiplicities of various hyperplane sections. When applied to a homogeneous inclusion $A\subseteq B$ of standard graded Noetherian algebras over an Artinian local ring, this formula yields the multiplicity of $A$ in terms of that of $B$ and of local $j$-multiplicities of hyperplane sections along ${\rm Proj}\,(B)$. Our formulas can be used to find the multiplicity of special fiber ring…
Let $R$ be a commutative Noetherian ring, $\fa$ an ideal of $R$, $M$ and $N$ be two finitely generated $R$-modules. Let $t$ be a positive integer. We prove that if $R$ is local with maximal ideal $\fm$ and $ M\otimes_R N$ is of finite length then $H_{\fm}^t(M,N)$ is of finite length for all $t\geq 0$ and $l_R(H_{\fm}^t (M,N))\leq \sum_{i=0}^t l_R(\Ext_R^i(M,H_{\fm}^{t-i}(N)))$. This yields, $l_R(H_{\fm}^t(M,N))=l_R(\Ext_R^t(M,N))$. Additionally, we show that $\Ext_R^i(R/{\fa},N)$ is Artinian for all $ i\leq t$ if and only if $H_{\fa}^i(M,N)$ is Artinian for all $i\leq t$. Moreover, we show tha…
We introduce the $k$-strong Lefschetz property ($k$-SLP) and the $k$-weak Lefschetz property ($k$-WLP) for graded Artinian $K$-algebras, which are generalizations of the Lefschetz properties. The main results obtained in this paper are as follows: 1. Let $I$ be a graded ideal of $R=K[x_1, x_2, x_3]$ whose quotient ring $R/I$ has the SLP. Then the generic initial ideal of $I$ is the unique almost revlex ideal with the same Hilbert function as $R/I$. 2. Let $I$ be a graded ideal of $R=K[x_1, x_2, ..., x_n]$ whose quotient ring $R/I$ has the $n$-SLP. Suppose that all $k$-th differences of the Hil…
We describe the cone of Hilbert functions of artinian graded modules finitely generated in degree 0 over the polynomial ring R = k[x, y] with the non-standard grading deg(x) = 1 and deg(y) = n, where n is any natural number.
Codimension two Artinian algebras $A$ have the strong and weak Lefschetz properties provided the characteristic is zero or greater than the socle degree. It is open to what extent such results might extend to codimension three AG algebras - the most promising results so far have concerned the weak Lefschetz property for such algebras. We here show that every standard-graded codimension three Artinian Gorenstein algebra $A$ having low maximum value of the Hilbert function - at most six - has the strong Lefschetz property, provided that the characteristic is zero. When the characteristic is grea…
Some criteria for graded local cohomology to commute with coarsening functors are proven, and an example is given where graded local cohomology does not commute with coarsening.
We let $A=R/I$ be a standard graded Artinian algebra quotient of $R={\sf k}[x,y]$, the polynomial ring in two variables over a field ${\sf k}$ by an ideal $I$, and let $n$ be its vector space dimension. The Jordan type $P_\ell$ of a linear form $\ell\in A_1$ is the partition of $n$ determining the Jordan block decomposition of the multiplication on $A$ by $\ell$ -- which is nilpotent. The first three authors previously determined which partitions of $n=\dim_{\sf k}A$ may occur as the Jordan type for some linear form $\ell$ on a graded complete intersection Artinian quotient $A=R/(f,g)$ of $R$,…
Let $R$ be a Noetherian ring, $I$ an ideal of $R$ and $M$ an $R$-module with $\operatorname{cd}(I,M)=c$. In this article, we first show that there exists a descending chain of ideals $I=I_c\supsetneq I_{c-1}\supsetneq \cdots \supsetneq I_0$ of $R$ such that for each $0\leq i\leq c-1$, $\operatorname{cd}(I_i,M)=i$ and that the top local cohomology module $\operatorname{H}^i_{I_i}(M)$ is not Artinian. We then give sufficient conditions for a non-negative integer $t$ to be a lower bound for $\operatorname{cd}(I,M)$ and use this to conclude that in non-catenary Noetherian local integral domains, t…
In this paper we study the O-sequences of the local (or graded) $K$-algebras of socle degree $4.$ More precisely, we prove that an O-sequence $h=(1, 3, h_2, h_3, h_4)$, where $h_4 \geq 2,$ is the $h$-vector of a local level $K$-algebra if and only if $h_3\leq 3 h_4.$ We also prove that $h=(1, 3, h_2, h_3, 1)$ is the $h$-vector of a local Gorenstein $K$-algebra if and only if $h_3 \leq 3$ and $h_2 \leq \binom{h_3+1}{2}+(3-h_3).$ In each of these cases we give an effective method to construct a local level $K$-algebra with a given $h$-vector. Moreover we refine a result by Elias and Rossi by sho…
Let $R$ be a commutative Noetherian ring and $M$ be a finitely generated $R$-module. Considering the new concept of linkage of ideals over a module, we study associated prime ideals, cofiniteness and Artinianness of local cohomology modules of $M$ with respect to some linked ideals over it.
We first determine all height four Gorenstein sequences beginning H=(1,4,7,...), and we show that their first differences satisfy $ΔH_{\le j/2}$ is an O-sequence. We then study the family PGor(H) parametrizing all graded Artinian Gorenstein [AG] quotients A=R/I of the polynomial ring R=K[w,x,y,z] having a Hilbert function H as above. We give a structure theorem for such AG quotients with $I_2\cong < wx,wy,wz>$. For most H this subfamily forms an irreducible component of PGor(H), and for a slightly more restrictive set, PGor(H) has several irreducible components. M. Boij and others had already …
The Jordan type of an element $\ell$ of the maximal ideal of an Artinian k-algebra A acting on an A-module M of k-dimension n, is the partition of n given by the Jordan block decomposition of the multiplication map $m_\ell$ on M. In general the Jordan type has more information than whether the pair $(\ell,M)$ is strong or weak Lefschetz. We develop basic properties of the Jordan type and their loci for modules over graded or local Artinian algebras. We as well study the relation of generic Jordan type of $A$ to the Hilbert function of $A$. We introduce and study a finer invariant, the Jordan d…
We prove the following generalization of an example of Hartshorne: Let k be a field, n=4, R = k[[X1,...,Xn]], I = (X1,...,Xn-2)R and p\in R a prime element such that p\in(Xn-1,Xn)R. Then H^{n-2}_I (R/pR) is not artinian.
Let $\frak a$, $\frak b$ be ideals of a commutative Noetherian ring $R$ and let $M$, $N$ be finite $R$-modules. The concept of an $\frak a$-filter grade of $\frak b$ on $M$ is introduced and several characterizations and properties of this notion are given. Then, using the above characterizations, we obtain some results on generalized local cohomology modules $H^i_{\frak a}(M, N)$. In particular, first we determine the least integer $i$ for which $H^i_{\frak a}(M, N)$ is not Artinian. Then we prove that $H^i_{\frak a}(M, N)$ is Artinian for all $i\in\mathbb N_0$ if and only if $\dim{R}/({\frak…
Let $R = \bigoplus_{n \in \mathbb{N}_{0}} R_{n}$ be a standard graded ring, $M$ be a finite graded $R$-module and $J$ be a homogenous ideal of $R$. In this paper we study the graded structure of the $i$-th local cohomology module of $M$ defined by a pair of ideals $(R_{+},J)$, i.e. $H^{i}_{R_{+},J}(M)$. More precisely, we discuss finiteness property and vanishing of the graded components $H^{i}_{R_{+},J}(M)_{n}$. Also, we study the Artinian property and tameness of certain submodules and quotient modules of $H^{i}_{R_{+},J}(M)$.
We introduce a notion of generalized local cohomology modules with respect to a pair of ideals $(I,J)$ which is a generalization of the concept of local cohomology modules with respect to $(I,J).$ We show that generalized local cohomology modules $H^i_{I,J}(M,N)$ can be computed by the Čech cohomology modules. We also study the artinianness of generalized local cohomology modules $H^i_{I,J}(M,N).$
Let Q be an affine semigroup generating Z^d, and fix a finitely generated Z^d-graded module M over the semigroup algebra k[Q] for a field k. We provide an algorithm to compute a minimal Z^d-graded injective resolution of M up to any desired cohomological degree. As an application, we derive an algorithm computing the local cohomology modules H^i_I(M) supported on any monomial (that is, Z^d-graded) ideal I. Since these local cohomology modules are neither finitely generated nor finitely cogenerated, part of this task is defining a finite data structure to encode them.
Let $A$ be a regular ring containing a field of characteristic zero and let $R = A[X_1,\ldots, X_m]$. Consider $R$ as standard graded with $deg \ A = 0$ and $deg \ X_i = 1$ for all $i$. In this paper we present a comprehensive study of graded components of local cohomology modules $H^i_I(R)$ where $I$ is an \emph{arbitrary} homogeneous ideal in $R$. Our study seems to be the first in this regard.