Laure Gouba, Jan Govaerts
In this paper the two dimensional Abelian Higgs model is revisited. We show that in the physical sector, this model describes the coupling of the electric field to the radial part, in field space, of the complex scalar field.
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In this paper the two dimensional abelian Higgs model is revisited. We show that in the physical sector, the solutions to the Euler-Lagrange equations include solitons.
We determine the non-abelian Born-Infeld action, including fermions, as it results from the four-point tree-level open superstring scattering amplitudes at order alpha'^2. We find that, after an appropriate field redefinition all terms at this order can be written as a symmetrised trace. We confront this action with the results that follow from kappa-symmetry and conclude that the recently proposed non-abelian kappa-symmetry cannot be extended to cubic orders in the Born-Infeld curvature.
We find the inconsistency of dimensional reduction and naive dimensional regularization in their applications to Chern-Simons type gauge theories. Further we adopt a consistent dimensional regularization to investigate the quantum correction to non-Abelian Chern-Simons term coupled with fermionic matter. Contrary to previous results, we find that not only the Chern-Simons coefficient receives quantum correction from spinor fields, but the spinor field also gets a finite quantum correction.
We present an elegant method to prove the invariance of the Chern-Simons part of the non-Abelian action for N coinciding D-branes under the R-R and NS-NS gauge transformations, by carefully defining what is meant by a background gauge transformation in the non-Abelian world volume action. We study as well the invariance under massive gauge transformations of the massive Type IIA supergravity and show that no massive dielectric couplings are necessary to achieve this invariance. We show that this result is consistent with (massive) T-duality from the non-Abelian action for N D9-branes.
We investigate the moduli space of conformal field theories by setting up a canonical mathematical process for exponentiating perturbations corresponding to critical fields. We apply this process to the free field theory and the Gepner models of the Fermat quintic and quartic. We find algebraic obstructions to exponentiating purely perturbative deformations in the case of the quintic, while in the case of the quartic the obstructions vanish. While this result may seem surprising at first, we find an explanation of these effects via the renormalization analysis of Nemeschansky-Sen.
We overview the entire renormalization theory, both perturbative and non-perturbative, by the method of the exact renormalization group (ERG). We emphasize particularly on the perturbative application of the ERG to the phi4 theory and QED in the four dimensional euclidean space.
The abelian Higgs model and its phase structure are discussed from the perspective that the gauge and scalar fields admit a dual description in terms of fermion variables. The results which indicate the presence of three main phases: Coulomb, Higgs and confinement agree well with those in the literature although a nonstandard order parameter is employed.
The problem of a color-charged point particle interacting with a four dimensional Yang-Mills gauge theory is revisited. The radiation damping is obtained inspired in the Dirac's computation. The difficulties in the non-abelian case were solved by using an ansatz for the Liénard-Wiechert potentials, already used in the literature for finding solutions to the Yang-Mills equations. Three non-trivial examples of radiation damping for the non-abelian particle are discussed in detail.
We consider theories with gauged chiral fermions in which there are abelian anomalies, and no nonabelian anomalies (but there may be nonabelian gauge fields present). We construct an associated theory that is gauge-invariant, renormalizable, and with the same particle content, by adding a finite number of terms to the action. Alternatively one can view the new theory as arising from the original theory by using another regularization, one that is gauge-invariant. The situation is reminiscent of the mechanism of adding Fadeev-Popov ghosts to an unsatisfactory gauge theory, to arrive at the usua…
We consider the Wess-Zumino-Witten theory to obtain the functional integral bosonization of the Thirring-Wess model with an arbitrary regularization parameter. Proceeding a systematic of decomposing the Bose field algebra into gauge-invariant- and gauge-noninvariant field subalgebras, we obtain the local decoupled quantum action. The generalized operator solutions for the equations of motion are reconstructed from the functional integral formalism. The isomorphism between the QED2 (QCD2) with broken gauge symmetry by a regularization prescription and the Abelian (non-Abelian) Thirring-Wess mod…
Color symmetry is spontaneously broken in quark matter at high density as a consequence of di-quark condensations with exhibiting color superconductivity. Non-Abelian vortices or color magnetic flux tubes stably exist in the color-flavor locked phase at asymptotically high-density. The effective worldsheet theory of a single non-Abelian vortex was previously calculated in the singular gauge to obtain the ${\mathbb C}P^2$ model [ arXiv:0908.4470 , arXiv:0912.1352 ]. Here, we reconstruct the effective theory in a regular gauge without taking a singular gauge, confirming the previous results in t…
The evasion of massless Goldstone bosons by the non-abelian Higgs mechanism is proved by a non-perturbative argument in the local BRST gauge.
On the base of the notion of N=2 abelian Yang-Mills supergeometry with constant curvature, we propose an off-shell formulation for the massive q-hypermultiplet and complex $ω$-hypermultiplet in the standard harmonic superspase without central charge variables. The corresponding superpropagators are derived.
We present a systematic and detailed review of the application of the method of Hirota and the rational dressing method to abelian Toda systems associated with the untwisted loop groups of complex general linear groups. Emphasizing the rational dressing method, we compare the soliton solutions constructed within these two approaches, and show that the solutions obtained by the Hirota's method are a subset of those obtained by the rational dressing method.
Holographic symmetry algebra for the MHV sector revisited
本文重新研究MHV扇区的全息对称代数，发现由共形软负螺旋度引力子和胶子生成的无限维阿贝尔代数，并证明扩展代数中的额外零态解耦可补全缺失的两个KZ型方程。
In this paper, we consider the perturbative generation of the CPT-even aether-like Lorentz-breaking term in the extended Lorentz-breaking QED within different approaches and discuss its ambiguities.
We show for the case of interacting massless vector bosons, how the structure of Yang-Mills theories emerges automatically from a more fundamental concept, namely perturbative quantum gauge invariance. It turns out that the coupling in a non-abelian gauge theory is necessarily of Yang-Mills type plus divergence- and coboundary couplings. The extension of the method to massive gauge theories is briefly discussed.
We study N=2 supersymmetric Abelian gauge model with the Fayet-Iliopoulos term and an arbitrary number of chiral matter multiplets in two dimensions. By analyzing the instanton contribution we compute the non-perturbative corrections to the mass spectrum of the theory and the quantum deformation of the classical vacua space. In contrast to known examples the non-perturbative bosonic potential is saturated by the one-instanton contribution and can be directly found within the semiclassical expansion around the one-instanton saddle point.
We review a recent development in the theoretical understanding of the nu=5/2 quantum Hall plateau and propose a new conformal field theory, slightly different from the Moore-Read one, to describe another universality class relevant for this plateau. The ground state is still given by the Pfaffian and is completely polarized, however, the elementary quasiholes are charge 1/2 anyons with abelian statistics theta=pi/2, which obey complete spin-charge separation. The physical hole is represented by two such quasiholes plus a free neutral Majorana fermion. We also compute the periods and amplitude…
The S-Matrix of 2D Type 0B String Theory Part 1: Perturbation Theory Revisited
本研究从世界面视角，通过积分${\frak N}=1$刘维尔理论关联函数并利用超Virasoro共形块递推关系数值计算，验证二维0B型弦理论树级3、4点振幅与对偶矩阵量子力学的一致性，非微扰方面将另文分析。
The non-perturbative nilpotent exact BRST symmetry of the Gribov-Zwanziger action in the Landau gauge constructed in [ arXiv:1506.06995 [hep-th]] is generalized to the case of Euclidean Yang-Mills theories quantized in the maximal Abelian gauge. The resulting diagonal gluon propagator is evaluating in dimensions D=4,3,2. In D=4,3 a decoupling type behavior is found in the infrared region, while in D=2 a scaling type behavior emerges.
Superstring Perturbation Theory Revisited
该研究重新审视超弦微扰理论，通过在超模空间开展含分部积分论证的全分析，更简洁直接地证明多圈振幅的规范不变性、时空超对称性与预期红外行为。
Celestial Holography Revisited II: Correlators and Källén-Lehmann
本文延续天体全息外推字典研究，给出标量场理论下天体关联函数的费曼规则并证明其微扰阶对应EAdS的Witten图，还推导了非微扰下Källén-Lehmann谱表示的径向约化及解析性质。
Definition of the partition function of U(1) gauge theory is extended to a class of four-manifolds containing all compact spaces and certain asymptotically locally flat (ALF) ones including the multi-Taub--NUT spaces. The partition function is calculated via zeta-function regularization with special attention to its modular properties. In the compact case, compared with the purely topological result of Witten, we find a non-trivial curvature correction to the modular weights of the partition function. But S-duality can be restored by adding gravitational counter terms to the Lagrangian in the …
In this paper we reconsider, for N=8 supergravity, the problem of gauging the most general electric subgroup. We show that admissible theories are fully characterized by a single algebraic equation to be satisfied by the embedding of the gauge group G within the electric subalgebra SL(8,\IR) of E_{7(7)}. The complete set of solutions to this equation contains 36 parameters. Modding by the action of SL(8,\IR) conjugations that yield equivalent theories all continuous parameters are eliminated except for an overall coupling constant and we obtain a discrete set of orbits. This set is in one--to-…
In this article, we review recent theoretical works on the Schwingermechanism of particle production in external electrical fields. Although the non-perturbative Schwinger mechanism is at the center of this discussion, many of the approaches that we discuss can cope with general time and space dependent fields, and therefore also capture the perturbative contributions to particle production.
A group-theoretical structure in a perturbative expansion of the Wilson loops in the 3d Chern-Simons theory with $SU(N)$ gauge group is studied in symmetric approach. A special basis in the center of the universal enveloping algebra $ZU(\mathfrak{sl}_N)$ is introduced. This basis allows one to present group factors in an arbitrary irreducible finite-dimensional representation. Developed methods have wide applications, the most straightforward and evident ones are mentioned. Namely, Vassiliev invariants of higher orders are computed, a conjecture about existence of new symmetries of the colored…
We investigate (non-)Abelian T-duality from the perspective of Poisson-Lie T-plurality. We show that sigma models related by duality/plurality are given not only by Manin triples obtained from decompositions of Drinfel'd double, but also by their particular embeddings, i.e. maps that relate bases of these decompositions. This allows us to get richer set of dual or plural sigma models than previously thought. That's why we ask how T-duality is defined and what should be the `canonical' duality or plurality transformation.
We present two compact derivations of the correct definition of the Chern-Simons term in the topologically non trivial context of thermal $QED_3$. One is based on a transgression descent from a D=4 background connection, the other on embedding the abelian model in SU(2). The results agree with earlier cohomology conclusions and can be also used to justify a recent simple heuristic approach. The correction to the naive Chern-Simons term, and its behavior under large gauge transformations are displayed.
The classical probe dynamics of the eleven-dimensional massless superparticles in the background geometry produced by N source M-momenta is investigated in the framework of N-sector DLCQ supergravity. We expand the probe action up to the two fermion terms and find that the fermionic contributions are the spin-orbit couplings, which precisely agree with the matrix theory calculations. We comment on the lack of non-perturbative corrections in the one-loop matrix quantum mechanics effective action and its compatibility with the supergravity analysis.
We revisit the perturbative S-matrix of c=1 string theory from the worldsheet perspective. We clarify the origin of the leg pole factors, the non-analyticity of the string amplitudes, and the validity as well as limitations of earlier computations based on resonance momenta. We compute the tree level 4-point amplitude and the genus one 2-point reflection amplitude by numerically integrating Virasoro conformal blocks with DOZZ structure constants on the sphere and on the torus, with sufficiently generic complex Liouville momenta, and find agreement with known answers from the c=1 matrix model.
We consider the abelian vector-field models in the presence of the Wess-Zumino interaction with the pseudoscalar matter. The occurence of the dynamic breaking of Lorentz symmetry at classical and one-loop level is described for massless and massive vector fields. This phenomenon appears to be the non-perturbative counterpart of the perturbative renormalizability and/or unitarity breaking in the chiral gauge theories.
A possible formulation of chiral gauge theories with an anomalous fermion content is re-examined in light of the lattice framework based on the Ginsparg-Wilson relation. It is shown that the fermion sector of a wide class of anomalous non-abelian theories cannot consistently be formulated within this lattice framework. In particular, in 4 dimension, {\it all} anomalous non-abelian theories are included in this class. Anomalous abelian chiral gauge theories cannot be formulated with compact $\U(1)$ link variables, while a non-compact formulation is possible at least for the vacuum sector in the…
Various examples of target space duality transformations are investigated up to two loop order in perturbation theory. Our results show that when using the tree level (`naive') transformation rules the dual theories are in general {\it inequivalent} at two loops to the original ones, (both for the Abelian and the non Abelian duality).
We reconsider the quantum vacuum interaction energy between two straight parallel cosmic strings. This problem was discussed several times in an approach treating both strings perturbatively and treating only one perturbatively. Here we point out that a simplifying assumption made in [1] can be justified and show that, despite the global character of the background, the perturbative approach delivers a correct result. We consider the applicability of the scattering methods, developed in the past decade for the Casimir effect, for the cosmic string and find it not applicable. We calculate the s…
The perturbative all-loop derivation of the NSVZ $β$-function for ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric gauge theories regularized by higher covariant derivatives is finalized by calculating the sum of singularities produced by quantum superfields. These singularities originate from integrals of double total derivatives and determine all contributions to the $β$-function starting from the two-loop approximation. Their sum is expressed in terms of the anomalous dimensions of the quantum gauge superfield, of the Faddeev--Popov ghosts, and of the matter superfields. This allows obtaining the NSVZ equation …
CHL compactifications are supersymmetry preserving orbifolds of any perturbatively renormalizable and ultraviolet finite ground state of the perturbative string theories: heterotic, type I, or type II, preserving 32, 16, 12, 8, 4, (or zero) supersymmetries, and retaining the perturbative renormalizability and finiteness of the parent string vacuum. In this paper, we review the genesis of the CHL (Chaudhuri-Hockney-Lykken) project within the broader context of the full String/M Duality web, establishing the existence of moduli spaces with a small number of massless scalar fields, the decompacti…
We calculate the static quark potential for an SU(N) gauge theory in the Maximal Abelian gauge as well as its Abelian projection up to two loops in perturbation theory. We discuss its renormalization properties. The result is compared with a recent lattice result at $r \lesssim 0.5$ fm.
In this Thesis we present a comprehensive study of perturbative and non-perturbative non-Abelian gauge theories in the light of gauge-fixing procedures, focusing our attention on the BRST formalism in Yang-Mills theory. We propose first a model to re-write the Faddeev-Popov quantisation method in terms of group-theoretical techniques and then we give a possible way to solve the no-go theorem of Neuberger for lattice Yang-Mills theory with double BRST symmetry. In the final part we present a study of the Batalin-Vilkovisky quantisation method for non-linear gauges in non-Abelian gauge theories.
In the Abelian Higgs model electric (and magnetic) fields of external charges (and currents) are screened by the scalar field. In this contribution, complementing recent investigations of Ishihara and Ogawa, we present a detailed investigation of charge screening using a perturbative approach with the charge strength as an expansion parameter. It is shown how perfect global and remarkably good local screening can be derived from Gauss' theorem, and the asymptotic form of the fields far from the sources. The perturbative results are shown to compare favourably to the numerical ones.
We investigate the transmutation of D-branes into Abelian magnetic backgrounds on the world-volume of higher-dimensional branes, within the framework of global models with compact internal dimensions. The phenomenon, T-dual to brane recombination in the intersecting-brane picture, shares some similarities to inverse small-instanton transitions in non-compact spaces, though in this case the Abelian magnetic background is a consequence of the compactness of the internal manifold, and is not ascribed to a zero-size non-Abelian instanton growing to maximal size. We provide details of the transitio…
A method for solving Schwinger-Dyson equations for the Green function generating functional of non-Abelian gauge theory is proposed. The method is based on an approximation of Schwinger-Dyson equations by exactly soluble equations. For the SU(2) model the first step equations of the iteration scheme are solved which define a gauge field propagator. Apart from the usual perturbative solution, a non-perturbative solution is found which corresponds to the spontaneous symmetry breaking and obeys infrared finite behaviour of the propagator.
Ward Identities in a Two-Dimensional Gravitational Model: Anomalous Amplitude Revisited Using a Completely Regularization-Independent Mathematical Strategy
本研究采用完全正则化无关的数学策略，在二维Weyl费米子模型中详细考察反常引力振幅，发现表面项对保持对称性与数学一致性至关重要，并指出传统结果场景会破坏积分线性。
Revisiting the Abelian $N=1$ super Stueckelberg model
本文重新审视阿贝尔N=1超Stueckelberg模型，推导超对称变换并探讨其扩展可能性。
We perform perturbative computations in a lattice gauge theory with a conformal measure that is quadratic in a non-compact abelian gauge field and is nonlocal, as inspired by the induced gauge action in massless QED$_3$. In a previous work, we showed that coupling fermion sources to the gauge model led to nontrivial conformal data in the correlation functions of fermion bilinears that are functions of charge $q$ of the fermion. In this paper, we compute such gauge invariant fermionic observables to order $q^2$ in lattice perturbation theory with the same conformal measure. We reproduce the exp…
We discuss the process of transmutation of branes into Abelian magnetic flux on the worldvolume of $D9$ branes. This phenomenon is T-dual to the recombination of branes in the intersecting-brane description. In the low energy limit this can be described by a Higgs mechanism involving bifundamental scalars. The Abelian magnetic background arises as a consequence of the compactness of the internal space. Explicit (six-dimensional) examples based on the supersymmetric and the Brane Supersymmetry Breaking (BSB) \mathbb{T}^4/\mathbb{Z}_2 orientifold are analyzed.
The U(1) BF Quantum Field Theory is revisited in the light of Deligne-Beilinson Cohomology. We show how the U(1) Chern-Simons partition function is related to the BF one and how the latter on its turn coincides with an abelian Turaev-Viro invariant. Significant differences compared to the non-abelian case are highlighted.
Perturbative stability of non-Abelian electric field solutions
本文研究SU(2)规范理论中标量场源电场解的微扰稳定性，确定了稳定参数区域，并发现负质量平方时两个分支中一个不稳定。
We construct a solution of Heterotic supergravity which interpolates between two different AdS$_{3}\times S^{3}\times T^{4}$ geometries corresponding to the near-horizon limits of two 5-dimensional black holes, only one of which has non-Abelian hair. This solution can be used to estimate the amplitude of probability of the non-perturbative decay of the gauge 5-brane responsible for the non-Abelian hair into eight solitonic 5-branes by evaluating its Euclidean action. The Wick rotation of this solution poses several problems which we argue can be overcome by using a non-extremal off-shell (NEOS…
The possibility of non-trivial representations of the gauge group on wavefunctionals of a gauge invariant quantum field theory leads to a generation of mass for intermediate vector and tensor bosons. The mass parameters m show up as central charges in the algebra of constraints, which then become of second-class nature. The gauge group coordinates acquire dynamics outside the null-mass shell and provide the longitudinal field degrees of freedom that massless bosons need to form massive bosons. This is a `non-Higgs' mechanism that could provide new clues for the best understanding of the symmet…
The gradient flow in non-abelian gauge theories on R^4 is defined by a local diffusion equation that evolves the gauge field as a function of the flow time in a gauge-covariant manner. Similarly to the case of the Langevin equation, the correlation functions of the time-dependent field can be expanded in perturbation theory, the Feynman rules being those of a renormalizable field theory on R^4 x [0,oo). For any matter multiplet and to all loop orders, we show that the correlation functions are finite, i.e. do not require additional renormalization, once the theory in four dimensions is renorma…
The confinement problem remains one of the most difficult problems in theoretical physics. An important step toward the solution of this problem is the Polyakov's work on abelian confinement. The Georgi-Glashow model is a natural testing ground for this mechanism which has been surprising us by its richness and wide applicability. In this work, we shed light on two new aspects of this model in 2+1 D. First, we develop a many-body description of the effective degrees of freedom. Namely, we consider a non-relativistic gas of W-bosons in the background of monopole-instanton plasma. Many-body trea…
We develop a perturbative expansion which allows the construction of non-abelian self-dual SU(2) Yang-Mills field configurations on the four-dimensional torus with topological charge 1/2. The expansion is performed around the constant field strength abelian solutions found by 't Hooft. Next to leading order calculations are compared with numerical results obtained with lattice gauge theory techniques.
We study the no gravity limit G_{N}-> 0 of the Ponzano-Regge amplitudes with massive particles and show that we recover in this limit Feynman graph amplitudes (with Hadamard propagator) expressed as an abelian spin foam model. We show how the G_{N} expansion of the Ponzano-Regge amplitudes can be resummed. This leads to the conclusion that the dynamics of quantum particles coupled to quantum 3d gravity can be expressed in terms of an effective new non commutative field theory which respects the principles of doubly special relativity. We discuss the construction of Lorentzian spin foam models …
Perturbative approach to the infrared gluon propagator in the maximal Abelian gauge
本文研究了在最大Abelian规范下，通过微扰方法计算胶子和Faddeev-Popov鬼传播子的红外行为，并与格点数据对比，验证了非阿贝尔胶子传播子的横纵分量与格点结果的一致性。
We study the dynamics of a nearly incompressible fluid via (classical) effective field theory. In the kinematical regime corresponding to near incompressibility (small fluid velocities and accelerations), compressional modes are, by definition, difficult to excite, and can be dealt with perturbatively. We systematically outline the corresponding perturbative expansion, which can be thought of as an expansion in the ratio of fluid velocity and speed of sound. Our analysis is fully relativistic, but, if desired, the non-relativistic limit can be taken at any stage. We demonstrate the potential o…
Quantum tunneling from perturbation theory revisited
本文利用高阶微扰系数重新检验Suzuki-Yasuta公式，发现其在二维O(N)理论中随阶数收敛，并接近半经典近似结果。
The Blandford and Znajek (BZ) split-monopole serves as an important theoretical example of the mechanism that can drive the electromagnetic extraction of energy from Kerr black holes. It is constructed as a perturbative low spin solution of Force Free Electrodynamics (FFE). Recently, Armas $et~al.$ put this construction on a firmer footing by clearing up issues with apparent divergent asymptotics. This was accomplished by resolving the behavior around the outer light surface, a critical surface of the FFE equations. Building on this, we revisit the BZ perturbative expansion, and extend the per…
We re-analyse the perturbative radiative corrections to the Higgs mass within the Standard Model in the light of the Taylor-Lagrange renormalization scheme. This scheme naturally leads to completely finite corrections, depending on an arbitrary dimensionless scale. This formulation avoids very large individual corrections to the Higgs mass. In other words, it is a confirmation that the so-called fine-tuning problem in the Standard Model is just an artefact of the regularization scheme and should not lead to any physical interpretation in terms of the energy scale at which new physics should sh…
In this work, we study the propagators of matter fields within the framework of the Refined Gribov-Zwanziger theory, which takes into account the effects of the Gribov copies in the gauge-fixing quantization procedure of Yang-Mills theory. In full analogy with the pure gluon sector of the Refined Gribov-Zwanziger action, a non-local long-range term in the inverse of the Faddeev-Popov operator is added in the matter sector. Making use of the recent BRST invariant formulation of the Gribov-Zwanziger framework achieved in [Capri et al 2016], the propagators of scalar and quark fields in the adjoi…
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