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arXiv 0811.0223cond-mat.softcond-mat.stat-mech
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玻璃形成系统的弛豫动力学:计算机模拟的启示

On the relaxation dynamics of glass-forming systems: Insights from computer simulations

Pinaki Chaudhuri, Ludovic Berthier, Srikanth Sastry, Walter Kob

摘要:

我们讨论了一个简单的格子气模型的玻璃形成系统的弛豫动力学,并表明,随着粒子密度的增加,这种动力学减慢非常快。通过监测标记粒子的轨迹,我们发现它们的运动在空间和时间上是非常不均匀的,导致空间中有快速动力学的区域,而其他区域则是缓慢的。我们确定这些快速放松区域的几何性质如何依赖于密度和时间。出于这种异质跳跃动力学,我们使用一个简单的模型,一个连续时间随机游走的变体,来表征弛豫动力学。特别是,我们发现从这个模型中,对于大位移的范霍夫函数的自我的一部分显示出指数尾,与最近的研究结果从实验和模拟的玻璃形成系统。

英文摘要:

We discuss the relaxation dynamics of a simple lattice gas model for glass-forming systems and show that with increasing density of particles this dynamics slows down very quickly. By monitoring the trajectory of tagged particles we find that their motion is very heterogeneous in space and time, leading to regions in space in which there is a fast dynamics and others in which it is slow. We determine how the geometric properties of these quickly relaxing regions depend on density and time. Motivated by this heterogeneous hopping dynamics, we use a simple model, a variant of a continuous time random walk, to characterize the relaxation dynamics. In particular we find from this model that for large displacements the self part of the van Hove function shows an exponential tail, in agreement with recent findings from experiments and simulations of glass-forming systems.

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