Superconductivity is a fascinating example of how "more is different". It is due to electrons binding into bosonic Cooper pairs, which exhibit coherent behavior across a macroscopic sample. Finding the mechanism responsible for this binding is one of the more difficult tasks of condensed matter physics. For conventional superconductors the solution was given by the BCS theory as being due to exchange of phonons. For the cuprate high-Tc superconductors a widely-accepted explanation is still missing despite intense effort. The recently discovered Fe-based high-Tc superconductors pose now a new challenge. We present here a quantum mechanical theory for pnictides describing the influence of the large electronic polarizability of the heavy anions. We demonstrate that its inclusion results in electronic polarons as the low-energy quasi-particles and also unveils a pairing mechanism for these electronic polarons.
A Lorentz invariant version of a mass-gap graphene-like planar quantum electrodynamics, the parity-preserving $U(1)\times U(1)$ massive QED$_3$, exhibits attractive interaction in low-energy electron-polaron--electron-polaron $s$-wave scattering, favoring quasiparticles bound states, the $s$-wave bipolarons.
Bismuth perovskites ABiO$_3$ (A = Sr, Ba) host a variety of peculiar phenomena including bond-disproportionated insulating phases and high-temperature superconductivity upon hole doping. While the mechanisms underlying these phenomena are still debated, off-diagonal electron-phonon ($e$-ph) coupling originating from the modulation of the orbital overlaps has emerged as a promising candidate. Here, we employ classical Monte Carlo simulations to study a semiclassical three-orbital model with off-diagonal $e$-ph interactions. We demonstrate the existence of a (bi)polaron correlations that persist…
Quantum Monte Carlo Simulation of Bipolaron Superconductivity in Extended Hubbard--Holstein models on Face-Centered-Cubic and Body-Centered-Cubic Lattices
A large polaron is a quasiparticle that consists of a nearly free electron interacting with the phonons of a material, whose lattice parameters are much smaller than the polaron scale. The electron-phonon interaction also leads to an attractive interaction between electrons, which can allow two polarons to pair up and form a bipolaron. It has been shown that large bipolarons can form in theory due to strong 1-electron-1-phonon coupling, but they have not been seen in real materials because the critical value of the required electron-phonon interaction is too large. Here, we investigate the eff…
Polarons originating from phonon displacement modulated hopping have relatively light masses and, thus, are of significant current interest as candidates for bipolaron mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 121}, 247001 (2018)]. We observe that the bond model, when the dominant coupling comes from atomic vibrations on lattice bonds, can be solved by efficient sign-free Monte Carlo methods based on the path-integral formulation of the particle sector in combination with either the (real-space) diagrammatic or Fock-path-integral representation of the phonon sector…
Materials containing high densities of exceptionally displaceable ions (e.g. perovskites) have extremely large ratios of their static to high-frequency dielectric constants, > 2. Large polarons form in such materials as their electronic charge carriers self-trap by displacing surrounding ions. Large polarons are very heavy-massed slow-moving quasi-particles that are very weakly scattered by ambient phonons. Large-polaron mobilities, e.g. 1 cm2/V-sec at 300 K, are much smaller than the minimum possible for conventional electronic charge carriers. The minimum mobility for an itinerant charge car…
Polarons are composite quasiparticles comprising electronic charge carriers taken together with the alterations they induce in surrounding condensed matter. Strong-coupling polarons form when electronic charge carriers become self-trapped: bound within potential wells stabilized by carriers presence. Distinctively, exciting these bound carriers generates broad absorption bands. Strong-coupling polarons are slow and massive since moving them requires atomic motion. Their transport differs qualitatively from that of conventional electronic charge carriers. Large (strong-coupling) polarons move c…
Planar large-bipolarons can form if the ratio of the surrounding mediums static to high-frequency dielectric constants is especially large. A large-bipolaron in p-doped La2CuO4 is modeled as two electrons being removed from the out-of-plane orbitals of four oxygen ions circumscribed by four copper ions of a CuO2 layer. These oxygen dianions relax inwardly as they donate electrons to the surrounding outwardly relaxing copper cations. This charge transfer generates the strong in-plane electron-lattice interaction needed to stabilize a large-bipolaron with respect to decomposing into polarons. Th…
Novel Isotope Effects on the Pairing Pseudogap in High-$T_{c}$ Cuprates: Evidences for Polaronic Metal and Precursor BCS-Like Pairing of Large Polarons
Magneto-elastic Polarons and Superconductivity of Underdoped Cuprates HTS's
讨论了d波配对高温超导体正常态的一些问题，并提出了以下假设：1）在赝能隙温度下，发生了从三维非相干正常态到Cu O 2层准二维系统的维度交叉; 2）对于含有Janh-Teller和混合价Cu离子的体系，“裸空穴”是床准粒子，电子关联和涨落很强，以及铜和氧轨道固有的强p-d杂化; 3）这导致“裸空穴”减少为两种类型的磁弹性极化子。结果表明，其中之一，铁磁束缚极化子，导致条纹的形成，和反铁磁极化子之间的吸引力导致他们的配对和超导涨落在平面内。讨论了铁磁束缚极化子和反铁磁双极化子观测的一些实验证据。
Pairing interactions and pairing mechanism in high temperature copper oxide superconductors
在未掺杂的母体铜氧化物的极化子结合能E_{p}已被确定为约1.0 eV的反铁磁有序温度的非常规氧同位素效应。推导出的E_{p}值与由独立光学数据估计的值和由测量的介电常数理论估计的值在定量上是一致的。在最佳掺杂的铜酸盐中观察到的面内超载流子质量上的大量氧同位素效应表明极化子被束缚到库珀对中。我们还确定了声子模式，强烈耦合到传导电子的角度分辨的光电子能谱，隧穿光谱，和光学数据。我们一贯表明，有一个非常强的电子-声子耦合功能，在声子能量约20毫电子伏沿波腹方向，这种耦合变得越来越弱的对角方向。我们进一步指出，铜酸盐的高温超导电性是由强的电子-声子耦合、极化子效应以及与2 eV Cu-O电荷转移涨落的显著耦合引起的。
The Coupling of a Wigner Polaronic Charge Density Wave with a Fermi Liquid Arising from the Instability of a Wigner Polaron Crystal: a Possible Pairing Mechanism in High Tc Superconductors
Nature of extrinsic and intrinsic self-trapping (ST) of charge carriers in cuprates have been studied theoretically. The binding energies and radii of the extrinsic and intrinsic large polarons and bipolarons in cuprates are calculated variationally using the continuum model and adiabatic approximation. We have shown that the extrinsic and intrinsic three-dimensional (3D) large bipolarons exist in underdoped cuprates at $η=\varepsilon_{\infty}/\varepsilon_0<0.127$ and $η<0.138$, respectively [where $\varepsilon_{\infty}$ ($\varepsilon_0$) is the optic (static) dielectric constant].
Taking into account microscopic properties of most usual high-$T_{c}$ superconductors, like cuprates, we define a class of microscopic model Hamiltonians for two fermions (electrons or holes) and one boson (bipolaron) on the two-dimensional square lattice. We establish that these model Hamiltonians can show d-wave paring at the bottom of their spectrum, despite their space isotropy. This phenomenon appear when a "giant electron-phonon anomaly" is present at the boundaries of the Brillouin zone ("half breathing" bond-stretching mode), like in doped cuprates. Our results can be used to derive ef…
