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arXiv 0810.3061cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.str-el
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冷原子玻色子-费米子混合体系中的量子成核与宏观量子隧穿

Quantum Nucleation and Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling in Cold-Atom Boson-Fermion Mixtures

Dmitry Solenov, Dmitry Mozyrsky

摘要:

研究了玻色子-费米子冷原子混合物中相分离跃迁的动力学。我们确定的参数,在该过渡是由量子成核机制,负责形成一个稳定相的临界核。我们证明了对于低的费米子-玻色子质量比,量子成核跃迁速率的密度依赖性是实验可观察的。分析了到宏观量子隧穿区的渡越。基于相互作用冷原子玻色子-费米子混合物的微观描述,我们导出了临界液滴的有效作用量,并得到了混合相在相变附近和旋节线不稳定性附近的成核率的渐近表达式。我们表明,由于在费米子子系统中的激发耗散起主导作用的过渡点附近。

英文摘要:

Kinetics of phase separation transition in boson-fermion cold atom mixtures is investigated. We identify the parameters at which the transition is governed by quantum nucleation mechanism, responsible for the formation of critical nuclei of a stable phase. We demonstrate that for low fermion-boson mass ratio the density dependence of quantum nucleation transition rate is experimentally observable. The crossover to macroscopic quantum tunneling regime is analyzed. Based on a microscopic description of interacting cold atom boson-fermion mixtures we derive an effective action for the critical droplet and obtain an asymptotic expression for the nucleation rate in the vicinity of the phase transition and near the spinodal instability of the mixed phase. We show that dissipation due to excitations in fermion subsystem play a dominant role close to the transition point.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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