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arXiv 0810.2544cond-mat.str-elcond-mat.mtrl-sci
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掺杂半导体制造非常规金属

Doping a semiconductor to create an unconventional metal

N. Manyala, J. F. DiTusa, G. Aeppli, A. P. Ramirez

摘要:

朗道费米液体理论的关键论断是,金属中的电子可以简单地理解为具有有效质量的独立粒子,取代了自由电子的质量。朗道费米液体理论取得了巨大的成功。尽管电子从主晶格、其缺陷和其他~1022/cm 3电子经历库仑相互作用,但这是真实的。一个重要的扩展理论帐户的行为掺杂promotors 1,2。由于在大量的材料文献中很少有与费米液体理论及其扩展相矛盾的,因此例外引起了人们的极大关注,其中包括高温超导体3,以二维金属为主体的硅基场效应晶体管4,以及某些处于磁性阈值的稀土化合物5 -8。在所有这些系统中的非费米液体行为的起源仍然存在争议。在这里,我们报告说,一个完全不同的和非常简单的一类材料-掺杂的小间隙半导体附近的金属-绝缘体过渡-也可以显示非费米液体状态。值得注意的是,适度的磁场起到了恢复普通无序费米液体的开关的作用。我们的数据表明,我们终于找到了一个物理实现的唯一数学严谨的路线,非费米液体,即“欠补偿近藤效应”,有太少的移动电子,以补偿自旋的未成对电子定位在杂质原子9 -12。

英文摘要:

Landau Fermi liquid theory, with its pivotal assertion that electrons in metals can be simply understood as independent particles with effective masses replacing the free electron mass, has been astonishingly successful. This is true despite the Coulomb interactions an electron experiences from the host crystal lattice, its defects, and the other ~1022/cm3 electrons. An important extension to the theory accounts for the behaviour of doped semiconductors1,2. Because little in the vast literature on materials contradicts Fermi liquid theory and its extensions, exceptions have attracted great attention, and they include the high temperature superconductors3, silicon-based field effect transistors which host two-dimensional metals4, and certain rare earth compounds at the threshold of magnetism5-8. The origin of the non-Fermi liquid behaviour in all of these systems remains controversial. Here we report that an entirely different and exceedingly simple class of materials - doped small gap semiconductors near a metal-insulator transition - can also display a non-Fermi liquid state. Remarkably, a modest magnetic field functions as a switch which restores the ordinary disordered Fermi liquid. Our data suggest that we have finally found a physical realization of the only mathematically rigourous route to a non-Fermi liquid, namely the 'undercompensated Kondo effect', where there are too few mobile electrons to compensate for the spins of unpaired electrons localized on impurity atoms9-12.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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