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arXiv 0810.1701astro-ph
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10个疏散星团巨星的CNONa和12 C/13 C

CNONa and 12C/13C in giants of 10 open clusters

R. Smiljanic, R. Gauderon, P. North, B. Barbuy, C. Charbonnel, N. Mowlavi

摘要:

演化的低质量恒星的金属丰度范围很广,在其表面Li、C和N的丰度以及12 C/13 C的比值中,都有非标准混合事件的特征。在一些疏散星团的巨星中也有过Na过剩的报道,但仍然存在争议。额外混合的原因被归因于热盐对流,对于低质量的恒星,热盐对流应该发生在RGB碰撞之后,对于更大质量的天体,热盐对流应该发生在早期AGB之后。为了在一个宽的质量范围内跟踪这一过程的发生,我们以均匀的方式导出了10个疏散星团的31个巨星样本中的C、N、O和Na的丰度以及12 C/13 C比,这些星团的关闭质量从1.7到3.1 Msun。一组M/Msun \leq 2.5的第一次上升红巨星的[N/C]比在相同质量范围的团巨星中测量的要低,这表明在第一次挖掘之后[N/C]比进一步增加。从NLTE校正的钠丰度被发现与太阳有关。[Na/Fe]显示,在我们的样本所覆盖的1.8至3.2 Msun范围内,作为恒星质量的函数,略微增加0.10 dex,与标准的第一次挖掘预测一致。我们的研究结果不支持先前声称的钠过量高达+0.60 dex。12 C/13 C和关闭质量之间的反相关性被确定和解释为由后凸块温盐混合。此外,我们在一些中等质量的早期AGB恒星中发现了低的12 C/13 C比率,证实了额外的混合过程也在没有经历RGB颠簸的恒星中运作。在这种情况下,额外的混合可能作用于早期AGB,与理论预期的温盐混合。[删节]

英文摘要:

Evolved low-mass stars of a wide range of metallicity bear signatures of a non-standard mixing event in their surface abundances of Li, C, and N, and in their 12C/13C ratio. A Na overabundance has also been reported in some giants of open clusters but remains controversial. The cause of the extra-mixing has been attributed to thermohaline convection that should take place after the RGB bump for low-mass stars and on the early-AGB for more massive objects. To track the occurrence of this process over a wide mass range, we derive in a homogeneous way the abundances of C, N, O, and Na, as well as the 12C/13C ratio in a sample of 31 giants of 10 open clusters with turn-off masses from 1.7 to 3.1 Msun. A group of first ascent red giants with M/Msun \leq 2.5 exhibits lower [N/C] ratios than those measured in clump giants of the same mass range, suggesting an additional increase in the [N/C] ratio after the first dredge-up. The sodium abundances corrected from NLTE are found to be about solar. [Na/Fe] shows a slight increase of 0.10 dex as a function of stellar mass in the 1.8 to 3.2 Msun range covered by our sample, in agreement with standard first dredge-up predictions. Our results do not support previous claims of sodium overabundances as high as +0.60 dex. An anti-correlation between 12C/13C and turn-off mass is identified and interpreted as being caused by a post-bump thermohaline mixing. Moreover, we find low 12C/13C ratios in a few intermediate-mass early-AGB stars, confirming that an extra-mixing process also operates in stars that do not experienced the RGB bump. In this case, the extra-mixing possibly acts on the early-AGB, in agreement with theoretical expectations for thermohaline mixing. [abridged]

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