We prove a conjecture of Geiss, Leclerc and Schröer, producing cluster algebra structures on multi-homogeneous coordinate ring of partial flag varieties, for the case $G_2$. As a consequence we sharpen the known fact that coordinate ring of the double Bruhat cell $G^{e,w_0}$ is an upper cluster algebra, by proving that it is a cluster algebra.
The category of Cohen-Macaulay modules of an algebra $B_{k,n}$ is used [JKS16] to give an additive categorification of the cluster algebra structure on the homogeneous coordinate ring of the Grassmannian of $k$-planes in $n$-space. In this paper, we find canonical Auslander--Reiten sequences and study the Auslander--Reiten translation periodicity for this category. Furthermore, we give an explicit construction of Cohen-Macaulay modules of arbitrary rank. We then use our results to establish a correspondence between rigid indecomposable modules of rank 2 and real roots of degree 2 for the assoc…
We define an action of the extended affine d-strand braid group on the open positroid stratum in the Grassmannian Gr(k,n), for d the greatest common divisor of k and n. The action is by quasi-automorphisms of the cluster structure on the Grassmannian, determining a homomorphism from the extended affine braid group to the cluster modular group. We also define a quasi-isomorphism between the Grassmannian Gr(k,rk) and the Fock-Goncharov configuration space of 2r-tuples of affine flags for SL(k). This identifies the cluster variables, clusters, and cluster modular groups, in these two cluster stru…
Following [20], a desingularization of arbitrary quiver Grassmannians for finite dimensional Gorenstein projective modules of 1-Gorenstein gentle algebras is constructed in terms of quiver Grassmannians for their Cohen-Macaulay Auslander algebras.
We study the relation between quantum affine algebras of type A and Grassmannian cluster algebras. Hernandez and Leclerc described an isomorphism from the Grothendieck ring of a certain subcategory $\mathcal{C}_{\ell}$ of $U_q(\hat{\mathfrak{sl}_n})$-modules to a quotient of the Grassmannian cluster algebra in which certain frozen variables are set to 1. We explain how this induces an isomorphism between the monoid of dominant monomials, used to parameterize simple modules, and a quotient of the monoid of rectangular semistandard Young tableaux. Via the isomorphism, we define an element ch(T) …
We study quiver Grassmannians associated with indecomposable representations of the Kronecker quiver. We find a cellular decomposition of them and we compute their Betti numbers. As an application, we give a geometric realization of the "canonical basis" of cluster algebras of Kronecker type (found by Sherman and Zelevinsky) and of type $A_2^{(1)}$.
We consider (iced) quiver with potential $(\bar{Q}(D), F(D), \bar{W}(D))$ associated to a Postnilov Diagram $D$ and prove the mutation of the quiver with potential $(\bare{Q}(D), F(D), \bar{W}(D))$ is compatible with the geometric exchange of the Postnikov diagram $D$. This ensures we may define a quiver with potential for a Grassmannian cluster algebra. We show such quiver with potential is always rigid (thus non-degenerate) and Jacobian-finite. And in fact, it is the unique non-degenerate (thus unique rigid) quiver with potential associated to the Grassmannian cluster algebra up to right-equ…
We show that Auslander algebras have a unique tilting and cotilting module which is generated and cogenerated by a projective-injective; its endomorphism ring is called the projective quotient algebra. For any representation-finite algebra, we use the projective quotient algebra to construct desingularizations of quiver Grassmannians, orbit closures in representation varieties, and their desingularizations. This generalizes results of Cerulli Irelli, Feigin and Reineke.
We describe a ring whose category of Cohen-Macaulay modules provides an additive categorification of the cluster algebra structure on the homogeneous coordinate ring of the Grassmannian of k-planes in n-space. More precisely, there is a cluster character defined on the category which maps the rigid indecomposable objects to the cluster variables and the maximal rigid objects to clusters. This is proved by showing that the quotient of this category by a single projective-injective object is Geiss-Leclerc-Schroer's category Sub $Q_k$, which categorifies the coordinate ring of the big cell in thi…
We compute the Euler characteristics of quiver Grassmannians and quiver flag varieties of tree and band modules and prove their positivity. This generalizes some results by G.C. Irelli [arXiv:0910.2592]. As an application we consider the Ringel-Hall algebra $C(A)$ of some string algebras $A$ and compute in combinatorial terms the products of arbitrary functions in $C(A)$.
We construct Grassmannian categories of infinite rank, providing an infinite analogue of the Grassmannian cluster categories introduced by Jensen, King, and Su. Each Grassmannian category of infinite rank is given as the category of graded maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules over a certain hypersurface singularity. We show that generically free modules of rank $1$ in a Grassmannian category of infinite rank are in bijection with the Plücker coordinates in an appropriate Grassmannian cluster algebra of infinite rank. Moreover, this bijection is structure preserving, as it relates rigidity in the cat…
The Lie algebra generated by $m\ $ $p$-dimensional Grassmannian Dirac operators and $m\ $ $p$-dimensional vector variables is identified as the orthogonal Lie algebra $\mathfrak{so}(2m+1)$. In this paper, we study the space $\mathcal{P}$ of polynomials in these vector variables, corresponding to an irreducible $\mathfrak{so}(2m+1)$ representation. In particular, a basis of $\mathcal{P}$ is constructed, using various Young tableaux techniques. Throughout the paper, we also indicate the relation to the theory of parafermions.
Let k be an algebraically closed field and A a finite-dimensional k-algebra. Given an A-module M, the set G_e(M) of all submodules of M with dimension vector e is called a quiver Grassmannian. If D,Y are A-modules, then we consider Hom(D,Y) as a B-module, where B is the opposite of the endomorphism ring of D, and the Auslander varieties for A are the quiver Grassmannians of the form G_e Hom(D,Y). Quiver Grassmannians, thus also Auslander varieties are projective varieties and it is known that every projective variety occurs in this way. There is a tendency to relate this fact to the wildness o…
In \cite{JKS} we gave an (additive) categorification of Grassmannian cluster algebras, using the category $\CM(A)$ of Cohen-Macaulay modules for a certain Gorenstein order $A$. In this paper, using a cluster tilting object in the same category $\CM(A)$, we construct a compatible pair $(B, L)$, which is the data needed to define a quantum cluster algebra. We show that when $(B, L)$ is defined from a cluster tilting object with rank 1 summands, this quantum cluster algebra is (generically) isomorphic to the corresponding quantum Grassmannian.
We introduce a decorated configuration space $\mathscr{C}\!{\rm onf}_n^\times(a)$ with a potential function $\mathcal{W}$. We prove the cluster duality conjecture of Fock-Goncharov for Grassmannians, that is, the tropicalization of $\big(\mathscr{C}\!{\rm onf}_n^\times(a), \mathcal{W}\big)$ canonically parametrizes a linear basis of the homogeneous coordinate ring of the Grassmannian $\operatorname{Gr}_a(n)$ with respect to the Plücker embedding. We prove that $\big(\mathscr{C}\!{\rm onf}_n^\times(a), \mathcal{W}\big)$ is equivalent to the mirror Landau-Ginzburg model of the Grassmannian consi…
In this article we explain how the coordinate ring of each (open) Schubert variety in the Grassmannian can be identified with a cluster algebra, whose combinatorial structure is encoded using (target labelings of) Postnikov's plabic graphs. This result generalizes a theorem of Scott (Scott 2006) for the Grassmannian, and proves a folklore conjecture for Schubert varieties that has been believed by experts since (Scott 2006), though the statement was not formally written down until Müller-Speyer explicitly conjectured it (Müller-Speyer 2016). To prove this conjecture we use a result of Leclerc …
We study affine Grassmannians for ramified triality groups. These groups are of type ${}^3D_4$, so they are forms of the orthogonal or the spin groups in 8 variables. They can be given as automorphisms of certain twisted composition algebras obtained from the octonion algebra. Using these composition algebras, we give descriptions of the affine Grassmannians for these triality groups as functors classifying suitable lattices in a fixed space.
Sherman-Zelevinsky and Cerulli constructed canonically positive bases in cluster algebras associated to affine quivers having at most three vertices. Both constructions involve cluster monomials and normalized Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind evaluated at a certain "imaginary" element in the cluster algebra. Using this combinatorial description, it is possible to define for any affine quiver $Q$ a set $\mathcal B(Q)$ which is conjectured to be the canonically positive basis of the acyclic cluster algebra $\mathcal A(Q)$. In this article, we provide a geometric realization of the element…
We study convolution algebras associated with Heckman-Opdam polynomials. For root systems of type BC we derive three continuous classes of positive convolution algebras (hypergroups) by interpolating the double coset convolution structures of compact Grassmannians U/K with fixed rank over the real, complex or quaternionic numbers. These convolution algebras are linked to explicit positive product formulas for Heckman-Opdam polynomials of type BC, which occur for certain discrete multiplicities as the spherical functions of U/K. These results complement those of a recent paper by the second aut…
We associate a dimer algebra A to a Postnikov diagram D (in a disk) corresponding to a cluster of minors in the cluster structure of the Grassmannian Gr(k,n). We show that A is isomorphic to the endomorphism algebra of a corresponding Cohen-Macaulay module T over the algebra B used to categorify the cluster structure of Gr(k,n) by Jensen-King-Su. It follows that B can be realised as the boundary algebra of A, that is, the subalgebra eAe for an idempotent e corresponding to the boundary of the disk. The construction and proof uses an interpretation of the diagram D, with its associated plabic g…
In this article we use the cluster structure on the Grassmannian and the combinatorics of plabic graphs to exhibit a new aspect of mirror symmetry for Grassmannians in terms of polytopes. For our $A$-model, we consider the Grassmannian $\mathbb X=Gr_{n-k}(\mathbb{C}^n)$. The $B$-model is a Landau-Ginzburg model $(\check{\mathbb X}^\circ, W_q:\check{\mathbb X}^\circ \to \mathbb{C})$, where $\check{\mathbb X}^\circ$ is the complement of a particular anti-canonical divisor in a Langlands dual Grassmannian $\check{\mathbb X} = Gr_k((\mathbb{C}^n)^*)$, and the superpotential $W_q$ has a simple expr…
A desingularization of arbitrary quiver Grassmannians for representations of Dynkin quivers is constructed in terms of quiver Grassmannians for an algebra derived equivalent to the Auslander algebra of the quiver.
In this paper we study extensions between Cohen-Macaulay modules for algebras arising in the categorifications of Grassmannian cluster algebras. We prove that rank 1 modules are periodic, and we give explicit formulas for the computation of the period based solely on the rim of the rank 1 module in question. We determine ${\rm Ext}^i(L_I, L_J)$ for arbitrary rank 1 modules $L_I$ and $L_J$. An explicit combinatorial algorithm is given for computation of ${\rm Ext}^i(L_I, L_J)$ when $i$ is odd, and for $i$ even, we show that ${\rm Ext}^i(L_I, L_J)$ is cyclic over the centre, and we give an expli…
In this paper we study indecomposable rank 2 modules in the Grassmannian cluster category ${\rm CM}(B_{5,10})$. This is the smallest wild case containing modules whose profile layers are $5$-interlacing. We construct all rank 2 indecomposable modules with filtration $\{i,i+2,i+4,i+6,i+8\}\mid \{i+1,i+3,i+5,i+7,i+9\}$, classify them up to isomorphism, and parameterize all infinite families of non-isomorphic rank 2 modules.
It is a well established fact, that any projective algebraic variety is a moduli space of representations over some finite dimensional algebra. This algebra can be chosen in several ways. The counterpart in algebraic geometry is tautological: every variety is its own Hilber scheme of sheaves of length one. This holds even scheme theoretic. We use Beilinson's equivalence to get similar results for finite dimensional algebras, including moduli spaces and quiver grassmannians. Moreover, we show that several already known results can be traced back to the Hilbert scheme construction and Beilinson'…
Quivers play an important role in the representation theory of algebras, with a key ingredient being the path algebra and the preprojective algebra. Quiver grassmannians are varieties of submodules of a fixed module of the path or preprojective algebra. In the current paper, we study these objects in detail. We show that the quiver grassmannians corresponding to submodules of certain injective modules are homeomorphic to the lagrangian quiver varieties of Nakajima which have been well studied in the context of geometric representation theory. We then refine this result by finding quiver grassm…
For an acyclic quiver, we establish a connection between the cohomology of quiver Grassmannians and the dual canonical bases of the algebra $U_q^-(\mathfrak{g})$, where $U_q^-(\mathfrak{g})$ is the negative half of the quantized enveloping algebra associated with the quiver. In order to achieve this goal, we study the cohomology of quiver Grassmannians by Lusztig's category. As a consequence, we describe explicitly the Poincaré polynomials of rigid quiver Grassmannians in terms of the coefficients of dual canonical bases, which are viewed as elements of quantum shuffle algebras. By this result…
We show that the cohomology ring of a quiver Grassmannian asssociated with a rigid quiver representation has property (S): there is no odd cohomology and the cycle map is an isomorphism; moreover, its Chow ring admits explicit generators defined over any field. From this we deduce the polynomial point count property. By restricting the quiver to finite or affine type, we are able to show a much stronger assertion: namely, that a quiver Grassmannian associated to an indecomposable (not necessarily rigid) representation admits a cellular decomposition. As a corollary, we establish a cellular dec…
We describe diagrammatically a positively graded Koszul algebra \mathbb{D}_k such that the category of finite dimensional \mathbb{D}_k-modules is equivalent to the category of perverse sheaves on the isotropic Grassmannian of type D_k constructible with respect to the Schubert stratification. The connection is given by an explicit isomorphism to the endomorphism algebra of a projective generator described in by Braden. The algebra is obtained by a "folding" procedure from the generalized Khovanov arc algebras. We relate this algebra to the category of finite dimensional representations of the …
We prove the strong Macdonald conjecture of Hanlon and Feigin for reductive groups G. In a geometric reformulation, we show that the Dolbeault cohomology $H^q(X;Ω^p)$ of the loop Grassmannian X is freely generated by de Rham's forms on the disk coupled to algebra generators of $H*(BG)$. Equating Euler characteristics of the two gives an identity, independently known to Macdonald [M], which generalises Ramanujan's_1ψ_1 sum. Simply laced root systems at level 1 are related to a `strong'_4ψ_4 sum. Failure of Hodge decomposition implies the singularity of X, and of the algebraic loop groups.
We present a simple but explicit example of a recent development which connects quantum integrable models with Schubert calculus: there is a purely geometric construction of solutions to the Yang-Baxter equation and their associated Yang-Baxter algebras which play a central role in quantum integrable systems and exactly solvable lattice models in statistical physics. We consider the degenerate five-vertex limit of the asymmetric six-vertex model and identify its associated Yang-Baxter algebra as convolution algebra arising from the equivariant Schubert calculus of Grassmannians. We show how ou…
In this article, we use the relationship between cluster scattering diagrams and stability scattering diagrams to relate quiver representations with these diagrams. With a notion of positive crossing of a path $γ$, we show that if $γ$ has positive crossing in the scattering diagram, then it goes in the opposite direction of the Auslander-Reiten quiver of $Q$. We then give the Hall algebra theta functions which recover the cluster character formula by the Euler characteristic map. At last, we define the Hall algebra broken lines and then are able to give the stratification of the quiver Grassma…
Let A be the path algebra of a quiver Q with no oriented cycle. We study geometric properties of the Grassmannians of submodules of a given A-module M. In particular, we obtain some sufficient conditions for smoothness, polynomial cardinality and we give different approaches to Euler characteristics. Our main result is the positivity of Euler characteristics when M is an exceptional module. This solves a conjecture of Fomin and Zelevinsky for acyclic cluster algebras.
We initiate the study of representations of elementary abelian $p$-groups via restrictions to truncated polynomial subalgebras of the group algebra generated by $r$ nilpotent elements, $k[t_1,..., t_r]/(t^p_1,..., t_r^p)$. We introduce new geometric invariants based on the behavior of modules upon restrictions to such subalgebras. We also introduce modules of constant radical and socle type generalizing modules of constant Jordan type and provide several general constructions of modules with these properties. We show that modules of constant radical and socle type lead to families of algebraic…
The integral singular cohomology ring of the Grassmann variety parametrizing $r$-dimensional subspaces in the $n$-dimensional complex vector space is naturally an irreducible representation of the Lie algebra of all the $n\times n$ matrices with integral entries. Using the notion of Schubert derivation, a distinguished Hasse-Schmidt derivation on an exterior algebra, we describe explicitly such a representation, indicating its relationship with the celebrated bosonic vertex representation of the Lie algebra of infinite matrices due to Date, Jimbo, Kashiwara and Miwa.
Kontsevich and Soibelman defined the notion of Donaldson-Thomas invariants of a 3d Calabi-Yau category with a stability condition. A family of examples of such categories can be constructed from an arbitrary cluster variety. The corresponding Donaldson-Thomas invariants are encoded by a special formal automorphism of the cluster variety, known as Donaldson-Thomas transformation. Fix two integers $m$ and $n$ with $1<m<m+1<n$. It is known that the configuration space $\mathrm{Conf}_n(\mathbb{P}^{m-1})$, closely related to Grassmannian $\mathrm{Gr}_m(n)$, is a cluster Poisson variety. In this pap…
Generalized affine Grassmannian slices provide geometric realizations for weight spaces of representations of semisimple Lie algebras. They are also Coulomb branches, symplectic dual to Nakajima quiver varieties. In this paper, we prove that neighbouring generalized affine Grassmannian slices are related by Hamiltonian reduction by the action of the additive group. We also prove a weaker version of the same result for their quantizations, algebras known as truncated shifted Yangians.
Rank $1$ modules are the building blocks of the category ${\rm CM}(B_{k,n}) $ of Cohen-Macaulay modules over a quotient $B_{k,n}$ of a preprojective algebra of affine type $A$. Jensen, King and Su showed in \cite{JKS16} that the category ${\rm CM}(B_{k,n})$ provides an additive categorification of the cluster algebra structure on the coordinate ring $\mathbb C[{\rm Gr}(k, n)]$ of the Grassmannian variety of $k$-dimensional subspaces in $\mathbb C^n$. Rank $1$ modules are indecomposable, they are known to be in bijection with $k$-subsets of $\{1,2,\dots,n\}$, and their explicit construction has…
Let $V$ be the weighted projective variety defined by a weighted homogeneous ideal $J$ and $C$ a maximal cone in the Gröbner fan of $J$ with $m$ rays. We construct a flat family over $\mathbb A^m$ that assembles the Gröbner degenerations of $V$ associated with all faces of $C$. This is a multi-parameter generalization of the classical one-parameter Gröbner degeneration associated to a weight. We explain how our family can be constructed from Kaveh-Manon's recent work on the classification of toric flat families over toric varieties: it is the pull-back of a toric family defined by a Rees algeb…
The category ${\rm CM}(B_{k,n}) $ of Cohen-Macaulay modules over a quotient $B_{k,n}$ of a preprojective algebra provides a categorification of the cluster algebra structure on the coordinate ring of the Grassmannian variety of $k$-dimensional subspaces in $\mathbb C^n$, \cite{JKS16}. Among the indecomposable modules in this category are the rank $1$ modules which are in bijection with $k$-subsets of $\{1,2,\dots,n\}$, and their explicit construction has been given by Jensen, King and Su. These are the building blocks of the category as any module in ${\rm CM}(B_{k,n}) $ can be filtered by the…
In this paper we prove equivalences of categories relating the derived category of a block of the category of representations of a connected reductive algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p$ bigger than the Coxeter number and a derived category of equivariant coherent sheaves on the Springer resolution (or a parabolic counterpart). In the case of the principal block, combined with previous results, this provides a modular version of celebrated constructions due to Arkhipov-Bezrukavnikov-Ginzburg for Lusztig's quantum groups at a root of unity. As an application…
Let $G$ be a simple algebraic group of type $A$ or $D$ defined over $\C$ and $T$ be a maximal torus of $G$. For a dominant coweight $λ$ of $G$, the $T$-fixed point subscheme $(\bar{Gr}_G^λ)^T$ of the Schubert variety $\bar{Gr}_G^λ$ in the affine Grassmannian $Gr_G$ is a finite scheme. We prove that there is a natural isomorphism between the dual of the level one affine Demazure module corresponding to $λ$ and the ring of functions (twisted by certain line bundle on $Gr_G$) of $(\bar{Gr}_G^λ)^T$. We use this fact to give a geometric proof of the Frenkel-Kac-Segal isomorphism between basic repre…
The minimal degeneration singularities in the affine Grassmannians of simple simply-laced algebraic groups are determined to be either Kleinian singularities of type A, or closures of minimal orbits in nilpotent cones. The singularities for non-simply-laced types are studied by intersection cohomology and equivariant Chow group methods.
For each integer $k\geq 4$ we describe diagrammatically a positively graded Koszul algebra $\mathbb{D}_k$ such that the category of finite dimensional $\mathbb{D}_k$-modules is equivalent to the category of perverse sheaves on the isotropic Grassmannian of type ${\rm D}_k$ or ${\rm B}_{k-1}$, constructible with respect to the Schubert stratification. The algebra is obtained by a (non-trivial) ``folding'' procedure from a generalized Khovanov arc algebra. Properties like graded cellularity and explicit closed formulas for graded decomposition numbers are established by elementary tools.
Truncated shifted Yangians are a family of algebras which naturally quantize slices in the affine Grassmannian. These algebras depend on a choice of two weights $λ$ and $μ$ for a Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$, which we will assume is simply-laced. In this paper, we relate the category $\mathcal{O}$ over truncated shifted Yangians to categorified tensor products: for a generic integral choice of parameters, category $\mathcal{O}$ is equivalent to a weight space in the categorification of a tensor product of fundamental representations defined by the third author using KLRW algebras. We also give a…
Extending the main result of Part 1, in the first part of this paper we show that every quiver Grassmannian of a representation of a quiver of extended Dynkin type $D$ has a decomposition into affine spaces. In the case of real root representations of small defect, the non-empty cells are in one-to-one correspondence to certain, so called non-contradictory, subsets of the vertex set of a fixed tree-shaped coefficient quiver. In the second part, we use this characterization to determine the generating functions of the Euler characteristics of the quiver Grassmannians (resp. $F$-polynomials). Al…
Given a complex projective algebraic variety, write H(X) for its cohomology with complex coefficients and IH(X) for its Intersection cohomology. We first show that, under some fairly general conditions, the canonical map H(X)\to IH(X) is injective. Now let Gr = G((z))/G[[z]] be the loop Grassmannian for a complex semisimple group G, and let X be the closure of a G[[z]]-orbit in Gr. We prove, using the general result above, a conjecture of D. Peterson describing the cohomology algebra H(X) in terms of the centralizer of the principal nilpotent in the Langlands dual of Lie(G). In the last sectio…
Let $\overline{\mathtt{X}}_λ$ be the closure of the $\mathtt{I}$-orbit $\mathtt{X}_λ$ in the affine Grassmanian $\mathtt{Gr}$ of a simple algebraic group $G$ of adjoint type, where $\mathtt{I}$ is the Iwahori group and $λ$ is a coweight of $G$. We find a simple algorithm which describes the set $Ψ(λ)$ of all $\mathtt{I}$-orbits in $\overline{\mathtt{X}}_λ$ in terms of coweights. We introduce $R$-operators (associated to positive roots) on the coweight lattice of $G$, which exactly describe the closure relation of $\mathtt{I}$-orbits. These operators satisfy Braid relations generically on the c…
We prove that for any k greater or equal to 2, given a smooth compact k-dimensional manifold and a multiplicative k-1-gerbe on a Lie group, together with an integrable connection, there is a line bundle on the corresponding Beilinson-Drinfeld Grassmannian having the factorization property. We show that taking global sections of this line bundle we obtain a factorization algebra.
In recent articles, the investigation of atomic bases in cluster algebras associated to affine quivers led the second-named author to introduce a variety called transverse quiver Grassmannian and the first-named and third-named authors to consider the smooth loci of quiver Grassmannians. In this paper, we prove that, for any affine quiver Q, the transverse quiver Grassmannian of an indecomposable representation M is the set of points N in the quiver Grassmannian of M such that Ext^1(N,M/N)=0. As a corollary we prove that the transverse quiver Grassmannian coincides with the smooth locus of the…