On the unipotent characters of the Ree groups of type G_2

Unipotent almost characters of simple p-adic groups

Let G be a simple adjoint group and let K=k((ε)) where k is an algebraic closure of a finite field F_q. In this paper we define some geometric objects on G(K) which are similar to the (cohomology sheaves of) the unipotent character sheaves on G(k). Using these geometric objects we define the unipotent almost characters of G(K_0) where K_0=F_q((ε)) and state some conjectures relating them to the characters of unipotent representations of G(K_0).

Unipotent elements in small characteristic, II

Let G be a special orthogonal group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic exponent p. In this paper we extend certain aspects of the Dynkin-Kostant theory of unipotent elements in G (when p=1) to the general case (including p=2).

Saxl 猜想与 GL(n,q) 的幂零特征的张量平方

Saxl conjecture and the tensor square of unipotent characters of GL(n,q)

本文证明了 Saxl 猜想在 GL(n,q) 幂零特征上的类似命题，并猜想性地刻画了其张量平方包含所有幂零特征的全部分拆集合。

Howe Correspondence of Unipotent Characters for a Finite Symplectic/Even-orthogonal Dual Pair

In this paper we give a complete description of the Howe correspondence of unipotent characters for a finite dual pair of a symplectic group and an even orthogonal group in terms of the Lusztig parametrization under a mild restriction of the characteristic of the base field. That is, the conjecture by Aubert-Michel-Rouquier is confirmed.

Non-unipotent character sheaves as a categorical centre

Let G be a reductive connected group over the algebraic closure of a finite field. In this paper we give the classification of character sheaves on G in categorical terms (as a categorical centre). Previously such a classification was known for unipotent character sheaves and also in the case where the ground field is replaced by the complex numbers.

Restricting unipotent characters in special orthogonal groups

For all prime powers q we restrict the unipotent characters of the special orthogonal groups SO_5(q) and SO_7(q) to a maximal parabolic subgroup. We determine all irreducible constituents of these restrictions for SO_5(q) and a large part of the irreducible constituents for SO_7(q).

$E_8$型和${^2\negmedspace E}_6$型群的幺正特征在幺正元处的值

The values of unipotent characters at unipotent elements for groups of type $E_8$ and ${^2\!E}_6$

本研究通过明确对应单位根，完成了$E_8$型李群对所有素数幂$q$、${^2\negmedspace E}_6$型李群对2的幂次$q$的幺正特征在幺正元处的值计算，了结了例外李型单群该类值的计算工作。

On the characters of unipotent representations of a semisimple p-adic group

Let G be a semisimple almost simple algebraic group defined and split over a nonarchimedean local field K and let V be a unipotent representation of G(K) (for example, an Iwahori-spherical representation). We calculate the character of V at compact very regular elements of G(K) at compact very regular elements of G(K).

On the Schur indices of cuspidal unipotent characters

In previous work of Gow, Ohmori, Lusztig and the author, the Schur indices of all unipotent characters of finite groups of Lie type have been explicitly determined except for six cases in groups of type $F_4$, $E_7$ and $E_8$. In this paper, we show that the Schur indices of all cuspidal unipotent characters for type $F_4$ and $E_8$ are~1, assuming that the group is defined over a field of ``good'' characteristic. This settles four out of the six open cases. For type $E_7$, we show that the Schur indices are at most~2.

On unipotent and nilpotent pieces for classical groups

We show that the definition of unipotent (resp. nilpotent) pieces for classical groups given by Lusztig (resp. Lusztig and the author) coincides with the combinatorial definition using closure relations on unipotent classes (resp. nilpotent orbits). Moreover we give a closed formula for a map from the set of unipotent classes (resp. nilpotent orbits) in characteristic 2 to the set of unipotent classes in characteristic 0 such that the fibers are the unipotent (resp. nilpotent) pieces.

Shintani descent for algebraic groups and almost characters of unipotent groups

In this paper, we extend the notion of Shintani descent to general (possibly disconnected) algebraic groups defined over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$. For this, it is essential to treat all the pure inner $\mathbb{F}_q$-rational forms of the algebraic group at the same time. We prove that the notion of almost characters (introduced by T. Shoji using Shintani descent) is well defined for any neutrally unipotent algebraic group, i.e. an algebraic group whose neutral connected component is a unipotent group. We also prove that these almost characters coincide with the "trace of Frobenius" functi…

约化群的幂单特征层与层化，II

Unipotent character sheaves and strata of a reductive group, II

本文将幂单特征层到层化的满射构造从连通约化群推广到约化群的连通分支，扩展了先前的研究结果。

Unipotent elements in small characteristic, IV

We consider the variety of nilpotent elements in the dual of the Lie algebra of a reductive algebraic group over an algebraically closed field. We propose a definition of a partition of this variety into smooth locally closed smooth subvarieties indexed by the unipotent classes in the corresponding group over complex numbers. We obtain explicit results in type A,C and D.

Character sheaves on unipotent groups in characteristic p>0

These are slides for a talk given by the authors at the conference "Current developments and directions in the Langlands program" held in honor of Robert Langlands at the Northwestern University in May of 2008. The slides can be used as a short introduction to the theory of characters and character sheaves for unipotent groups in positive characteristic, developed by the authors in a series of articles written between 2006 and 2011. We give an overview of the main results of this theory along with a bit of motivation.

The Schur indices of the cuspidal unipotent characters of the finite Chevalley groups $E_7(q)$

We show that the two cuspidal unipotent characters of a finite Chevalley group $E_7(q)$ have Schur index~2, provided that $q$ is an even power of a (sufficiently large) prime number $p$ such that $p\equiv 1 \bmod 4$. The proof uses a refinement of Kawanaka's generalized Gelfand--Graev representations and some explicit computations with the {\sf CHEVIE} computer algebra system.

On special pieces, the Springer correspondence, and unipotent characters

Let G be a reductive algebraic group over the algebraic closure of a finite field F_q of good characteristic. In this paper, we demonstrate a remarkable compatibility between the Springer correspondence for G and the parametrization of unipotent characters of G(F_q). In particular, we show that in a suitable sense, "large" portions of these two assignments in fact coincide. This extends earlier work of Lusztig on Springer representations within special pieces of the unipotent variety.

On the unipotent support of character sheaves

Let $G$ be a connected reductive group over $F_q$, where $q$ is large enough and the center of $G$ is connected. We are concerned with Lusztig's theory of {\em character sheaves}, a geometric version of the classical character theory of the finite group $G(F_q)$. We show that under a certain technical condition, the restriction of a character sheaf to its {\em unipotent support} (as defined by Lusztig) is either zero or an irreducible local system. As an application, the generalized Gelfand-Graev characters are shown to form a $\Z$-basis of the $\Z$-module of unipotently supported virtual char…

Finding Characters Satisfying a Maximal Condition for Their Unipotent Support

In this article we extend independent results of Lusztig and Hézard concerning the existence of irreducible characters of finite reductive groups, (defined in good characteristic and arising from simple algebraic groups), satisfying a strong numerical relationship with their unipotent support. Along the way we obtain some results concerning quasi-isolated semisimple elements.

Quadratic unipotent blocks in general linear, unitary and symplectic groups

An irreducible ordinary character of a finite reductive group is called quadratic unipotent if it corresponds under Jordan decomposition to a semisimple element $s$ in a dual group such that $s^2=1$. We prove that there is a bijection between, on the one hand the set of quadratic unipotent characters of $GL(n,q)$ or $U(n,q)$ for all $n \geq 0$ and on the other hand, the set of quadratic unipotent characters of $Sp(2n,q)$ for all $n \geq 0$. We then extend this correspondence to $\ell$-blocks for certain $\ell$ not dividing $q$.

On character sheaves and characters of reductive groups at unipotent classes

With a view to determining character values of finite reductive groups at unipotent elements, we prove a number of results concerning inner products of generalised Gelfand-Graev characters with characteristic functions of character sheaves, here called Lusztig functions. These are used to determine projections of generalised Gelfand-Graev characters to the space of unipo- tent characters, and to the space of characters with a given wave front set. Such projections are expressed largely in terms of Weyl group data. We show how the values of characters at their unipotent support or wave front se…

Frobenius--Schur indicators of unipotent characters and the twisted involution module

Let $W$ be a finite Weyl group and $\sg$ be a non-trivial graph automorphism of $W$. We show a remarkable relation between the $\sg$-twisted involution module for $W$ and the Frobenius--Schur indicators of the unipotent characters of a corresponding twisted finite group of Lie type. This extends earlier results of Lusztig-Vogan for the untwisted case and then allows us to state a general result valid for any finite group of Lie type. Inspired by recent work of Marberg, we also formally define Frobenius--Schur indicators for "unipotent characters" of twisted dihedral groups.

幂单特征层与约化群的层

Unipotent character sheaves and strata of a reductive group

本文通过广义 Springer 对应构造了连通约化群上幂单特征层到层的满射，并利用坏特征数据给出了幂单特征层的新参数化。

特征p=2下的椭圆Weyl群元素与幺正等距映射

Elliptic Weyl group elements and unipotent isometries with p=2

该研究针对特征2代数闭域上的典型群，证明了与Weyl群椭圆共轭类关联的幺幂共轭类Φ(C)可通过幺幂类闭包关系刻画，补充了此前奇特征和例外群情形的相关结果。

Generic Representation Theory of the Unipotent Upper Triangular Groups

It is generally believed (and for the most part is probably true) that Lie theory, in contrast to the characteristic zero case, is insufficient to tackle the representation theory of algebraic groups over prime characteristic fields. However, in this paper we show that, for a large and important class of unipotent algebraic groups (namely the unipotent upper triangular groups $U_n$), and under a certain hypothesis relating the characteristic $p$ to both $n$ and the dimension $d$ of a representation (specifically, $p \geq \text{max}(n,2d)$), Lie theory is completely sufficient to determine the …

On the values of unipotent characters in bad characteristic

Let $G(q)$ be a Chevalley group over a finite field $F_q$. By Lusztig's and Shoji's work, the problem of computing the values of the unipotent characters of $G(q)$ is solved, in principle, by the theory of character sheaves; one issue in this solution is the determination of certain scalars relating two types of class functions on $G(q)$. We show that this issue can be reduced to the case where $q$ is a prime, which opens the way to use computer algebra methods. Here, and in a sequel to this article, we use this approach to solve a number of cases in groups of exceptional type which seemed hit…

Character sheaves and characters of unipotent groups over finite fields

Let G_0 be a connected unipotent algebraic group over a finite field F_q, and let G be the unipotent group over an algebraic closure F of F_q obtained from G_0 by extension of scalars. If M is a Frobenius-invariant character sheaf on G, we show that M comes from an irreducible perverse sheaf M_0 on G_0, which is pure of weight 0. As M ranges over all Frobenius-invariant character sheaves on G, the functions defined by the corresponding perverse sheaves M_0 form a basis of the space of conjugation-invariant functions on the finite group G_0(F_q), which is orthonormal with respect to the standar…

Supports unipotents de faisceaux caracteres

Soit G un groupe algebrique reductif sur la cloture algebrique d'un corps fini F_q et defini sur ce dernier. L'existence du support unipotent d'un caractere irreductible du groupe fini G(F_q), ou d'un faisceau caractere de G, a ete etablie dans differents cas par Lusztig, Geck et Malle, et le second auteur. Dans cet article, nous demontrons que toute classe unipotente sur laquelle la restriction du faisceau caractere ou du caractere donne est non nulle est contenue dans l'adherence de Zariski de son support unipotent. Pour etablir ce resultat, nous etudions certaines representations des groupe…

Unipotent representations and the dual pair correspondence

This paper provides a construction of the unipotent representations for classical complex groups in terms of the Theta correspondence as introduced and studied by R. Howe. The K-type structure of unipotent representations is obtained as a consequence of the character formulas for unipotent representations of D. Vogan and the author. This provides a tight link between unipotent representations and the orbit philosophy. A parametrization of unipotent representations for the Spin groups is obtained.

On the values of unipotent characters of finite Chevalley groups of type $E_6$ in characteristic 3

Let $G$ be a finite Chevalley group. We are concerned with computing the values of the unipotent characters of $G$ by making use of Lusztig's theory of character sheaves. In this framework, one has to find the transformation between several bases for the class functions on $G$. In principle, this has been achieved by Lusztig and Shoji, but the underlying process involves some scalars which are still unknown in many cases. We shall determine these scalars in the specific case where $G$ is the (twisted or non-twisted) group of type $E_6$ over the finite field with $q$ elements, for $q$ a power o…

Projectivity of modules for infinitesimal unipotent group schemes

In this paper, it is shown that the projectivity of a rational module for an infinitesimal unipotent group scheme over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic can be detected on a family of closed subgroups.

Wavefront Sets of Unipotent Representations of Reductive $p$-adic Groups II

The wavefront set is a fundamental invariant of an admissible representation arising from the Harish-Chandra-Howe local character expansion. In this paper, we give a precise formula for the wavefront set of an irreducible representation of real infinitesimal character in Lusztig's category of unipotent representations in terms of the Deligne-Langlands-Lusztig correspondence. Our formula generalizes the main result of arXiv:2112.14354, where this formula was obtained in the Iwahori-spherical case. We deduce that for any irreducible unipotent representation with real infinitesimal character, the…

Generalized Green functions and unipotent classes for finite reductive groups, II

In a previous paper, "Generalized Green functions and unipotent classes for finite reductive groups, I", we have determined certain unknown scalars involved in the algorithm of computing generalized Green functions in the case of SL_n. In this paper, we consider a similar problem for the case of classical groups Sp_{2n}, SO_N with arbitrary characteristic. Our result enables us, in particular, to compute Green functions in bad characteristic case, which was not known before.

A Murnaghan--Nakayama rule for values of unipotent characters in classical groups

We derive a Murnaghan--Nakayama type formula for the values of unipotent characters of finite classical groups on regular semisimple elements. This relies on Asai's explicit decomposition of Lusztig restriction. We use our formula to show that most complex irreducible characters vanish on some $\ell$-singular element for certain primes $\ell$. As an application we classify the simple endotrivial modules of the finite quasi-simple classical groups. As a further application we show that for finite simple classical groups and primes $\ell\ge3$ the first Cartan invariant in the principal $\ell$-bl…

Evaluating Characteristic Functions of Character Sheaves at Unipotent Elements

Assume $\mathbf{G}$ is a connected reductive algebraic group defined over an algebraic closure $\mathbb{K} = \overline{\mathbb{F}}_p$ of the finite field of prime order $p>0$. Furthermore, assume that $F : \mathbf{G} \to \mathbf{G}$ is a Frobenius endomorphism of $\mathbf{G}$. In this article we give a formula for the value of any $F$-stable character sheaf of $\mathbf{G}$ at a unipotent element. This formula is expressed in terms of class functions of $\mathbf{G}^F$ which are supported on a single unipotent class of $\mathbf{G}$. In general these functions are not determined, however we give …

Strong density of spherical characters attached to unipotent subgroups

We prove the following result in relative representation theory of a reductive p-adic group $G$: Let $U$ be the unipotent radical of a minimal parabolic subgroup of $G$, and let $ψ$ be an arbitrary smooth character of $U$. Let $S \subset Irr(G)$ be a Zariski dense collection of irreducible representations of $G$. Then the span of the Bessel distributions $B_π$ attached to representations $π$ from $S$ is dense in the space $\mathcal S^*(G)^{U\times U,ψ\times ψ}$ of all $(U\times U,ψ\times ψ)$-equivariant distributions on $G.$ We base our proof on the following results: 1. The category of smooth…

Categorical actions on unipotent representations of finite classical groups

We review the categorical representation of a Kac-Moody algebra on unipotent representations of finite unitary groups in non-defining characteristic given by the authors. Then, we extend this construction to finite reductive groups of types B or C, in non-defining characteristic. We show that the decategorified representation is isomorphic to a direct sum of level 2 Fock spaces. We deduce that the Harish-Chandra branching graph coincides with the crystal graph of these Fock spaces. We also obtain derived equivalences between blocks, yielding Broue's abelian defect group conjecture for unipoten…

Unipotent Ideals for Spin and Exceptional Groups

In the monograph arXiv:2108.03453, we define the notion of a unipotent representation of a complex reductive group. The representations we define include, as a proper subset, all special unipotent representations in the sense of Barbasch-Vogan and form the (conjectural) building blocks of the unitary dual. In arXiv:2108.03453 we provide combinatorial formulas for the infinitesimal characters of all unipotent representations of linear classical groups. In this paper, we establish analogous formulas for spin and exceptional groups, thus completing the determination of the infinitesimal character…

On the Morita Frobenius numbers of blocks of finite reductive groups

We show that the Morita Frobenius number of the blocks of the alternating groups, the finite groups of Lie type in describing characteristic, and the Ree and Suzuki groups is 1. We also show that the Morita Frobenius number of almost all of the unipotent blocks of the finite groups of Lie type in non-defining characteristic is 1, and that in the remaining cases it is at most 2.

附加于抛物子群的酉表示：阿贝尔幂零根基的情形

Unitary representations attached to parabolic subgroups: the case of abelian unipotent radical

本文研究了在几何参数空间源于 Levi 子群作用于抛物子代数阿贝尔幂零根基的情形下，对 Lusztig 幂零表示范畴中具有整数无穷小特征的酉表示进行分类，并将其组织成微局部 Arthur 包，作为验证相关酉表示猜想描述的测试用例。

From unipotent classes to conjugacy classes in the Weyl group

Let G be a connected reductive group. We define a map from the set of unipotent classes in G to the set of conjugacy classes in the Weyl group (assuming that the characteristic is not bad). This map is a one sided inverse of a map in the opposite direction constructed in an earlier paper.

具有半整数无穷小特征标的特殊幂幺表示

Special Unipotent Representations with Half Integral Infinitesimal Characters

本文针对特殊幂零轨道对应的特殊幂幺表示，在无穷小特征标中半单元素的一半为非整数情形下，完整证明了 Barbasch-Vogan 理论中此前仅在整数情形下已知的若干性质。

On unitary unipotent representations of $p$-adic groups and affine Hecke algebras with unequal parameters

We determine the unitary dual of the geometric graded Hecke algebras with {unequal} parameters which appear in Lusztig's classification of unipotent representations for {exceptional} $p$-adic groups. The largest such algebra is of type $F_4.$ Via the Barbasch-Moy correspondence of unitarity applied to this setting, this is equivalent to the identification of the corresponding unitary unipotent representations with real central character of the $p$-adic groups. In order for this correspondence to be applicable here, we show (following Lusztig's geometric classification, and Barbasch and Moy's o…

Characters of unipotent groups over finite fields

Let G be a connected unipotent group over a finite field F_q with q elements. In this article we propose a definition of L-packets of complex irreducible representations of the finite group G(F_q) and give an explicit description of L-packets in terms of the so-called "admissible pairs" for G. We then apply our results to show that if the centralizer of every geometric point of G is connected, then the dimension of every complex irreducible representation of G(F_q) is a power of q, confirming a conjecture of V. Drinfeld. This paper is the first in a series of three papers exploring the relatio…

Stable combinations of special unipotent representations

The set of special unipotent representations of a semisimple Lie group was defined by Barbasch and Vogan. According to predictions of Arthur (established by Adams, Barbasch, and Vogan), this set is an overlapping union of Arthur packets. Each packet gives rise to a canonical virtual representation whose character is stable in the sense of Langlands and Shelstad. But these stable characters seldom span the space of all stable characters of virtual special unipotent representations. Under natural hypotheses, we give a canonical basis of this latter space in terms of rational forms of special pie…

Character sheaves and generalizations

This paper contains an exposition of the theory of character sheaves for reductive groups and some attempts to extend it to other cases: unipotent groups, reductive groups modulo the unipotent radical of a parabolic.

A classification of unipotent spherical conjugacy classes in bad characteristic

Let G be a simple algebraic group over an algebraically closed field k of bad characteristic. We classify the spherical unipotent conjugacy classes of G. We also show that if the characteristic of k is 2, then the fixed point subgroup of every involutorial automorphism (involution) of G is a spherical subgroup of G.

On Unipotent Supports of Reductive Groups with a Disconnected Centre

Let $G$ be a simple algebraic group defined over a finite field of good characteristic, with associated Frobenius endomorphism $F$. In this article we extend an observation of Lusztig, (which gives a numerical relationship between an ordinary character of $G^F$ and its unipotent support), to the case where $Z(G)$ is disconnected. We then use this observation in some applications to the ordinary character theory of $G^F$.

正特征下幂幺群上的特征层：基础

Character sheaves on unipotent groups in positive characteristic: foundations

研究正特征下幂幺群上特征层理论，证明其主要定理，即容许对与特征层的\(L\)-包的对应关系，还通过附录探讨了相关范畴理论模式，如幺半范畴对偶、拓扑场论方法定义结构及证明导出范畴定义等价等。

Non-unipotent representations and categorical centres

Let G be a connected reductive group defined over a finite field F_q. We give a parametrization of the irreducible representations of G(F_q) in terms of (twisted) categorical centres of various monoidal categories associated to G. (Results of this type were known earlier for unipotent representations. Analogous results for the parametrization of character sheaves on G were also known earlier.)

Modular categories, orbit method and character sheaves on unipotent groups

Let $G$ be a unipotent group over a field of characteristic $p > 0$. The theory of character sheaves on $G$ was initiated by V. Drinfeld and developed jointly with D. Boyarchenko. They also introduced the notion of $\mathbb{L}$-packets of character sheaves. Each $\mathbb{L}$-packet can be described in terms of a modular category. Now suppose that the nilpotence class of $G$ is less than $p$. Then the $\mathbb{L}$-packets are in bijection with the set $\mathfrak{g}^*/G$ of coadjoint orbits, where $\mathfrak{g}$ is the Lie ring scheme obtained from $G$ using the Lazard correspondence and $\mathf…

Modular irreducibility of cuspidal unipotent characters

We prove a long-standing conjecture of Geck which predicts that cuspidal unipotent characters remain irreducible after $\ell$-reduction. To this end, we construct a progenerator for the category of representations of a finite reductive group coming from generalised Gelfand--Graev representations. This is achieved by showing that cuspidal representations appear in the head of generalised Gelfand--Graev representations attached to cuspidal unipotent classes, as defined and studied in \cite{GM96}.

扩展幂幺特征的合理性

Rationality of extended unipotent characters

本文确定了在 Frobenius 映射下作为不连通约化群不动点产生的有限约化群的幂幺特征的合理性，证明中结合了 Deligne--Lusztig 簇的 $\ell$-adic 上同调群中的特征实现与块理论考虑。

Supercharacters of unipotent and solvable groups

The notion of the supercharacter theory was introduced by P.Diaconis and I.M.Isaaks in 2008. In this paper we review the main statements of the general theory, we observe the construction of supercharacter theory for algebra groups and the theory of basic characters for the unitriangular groups over the finite field. Basing on the previous papers of the author, we construct the supercharacter theory for the finite groups of triangular type. We characterize the structure of Hopf algebra of supercharacters for the triangular group over the finite field.

温和单式表示的非阿贝尔傅里叶变换，II

A nonabelian Fourier transform for tempered unipotent representations, II

将非阿贝尔傅里叶变换从椭圆单式特征扩展到紧单式特征，研究其与极大紧开子群分支的关系，证明与某些群的抛物限制兼容，并通过抛物诱导联系紧与椭圆情形。