We analyze the perturbative and parametric stability of the QCD predictions for the Callan-Gross ratio $R(x,Q^2)=F_L/F_T$ in heavy-quark leptoproduction. We consider the radiative corrections to the dominant photon-gluon fusion mechanism. In various kinematic regions, the following contributions are investigated: exact NLO results at low and moderate $Q^2\lesssim m^2$, asymptotic NLO predictions at high $Q^2\gg m^2$, and both NLO and NNLO soft-gluon (or threshold) corrections at large Bjorken $x$. Our analysis shows that large radiative corrections to the structure functions $F_T(x,Q^2)$ and $F_L(x,Q^2)$ cancel each other in their ratio $R(x,Q^2)$ with good accuracy. As a result, the NLO contributions to the Callan-Gross ratio are less than 10% in a wide region of the variables $x$ and $Q^2$. We provide compact LO predictions for $R(x,Q^2)$ in the case of low $x\ll 1$. A simple formula connecting the high-energy behavior of the Callan-Gross ratio and low-$x$ asymptotics of the gluon density is derived. It is shown that the obtained hadron-level predictions for $R(x\to 0,Q^2)$ are stable under the DGLAP evolution of the gluon distribution function. Our analytic results simplify the extraction of the structure functions $F_2^c(x,Q^2)$ and $F_2^b(x,Q^2)$ from measurements of the corresponding reduced cross sections, in particular at DESY HERA.
We present the QCD predictions for the azimuthal $\cos 2φ$ asymmetry in charm leptoproduction for the kinematics of the COMPASS experiment at CERN. The asymmetry is predicted to be large, about 15%. The radiative corrections to the QCD predictions for the $\cos 2φ$ distribution are estimated to be small, less than 10%. Our calculations show that the azimuthal asymmetry in charm production is well defined in pQCD: it is stable both perturbatively and parametrically, and practically insensitive to theoretical uncertainties in the input parameters. We analyze the nonperturbative contributions to …
We study the perturbative and parametric stability of the QCD predictions for the Callan-Gross ratio $R(x,Q^2)=F_L/F_T$ and azimuthal $\cos(2φ)$ asymmetry, $A(x,Q^2)$, in heavy-quark leptoproduction. We review the available theoretical results for these quantities and conclude that, contrary to the production cross sections, the ratios $R(x,Q^2)$ and $A(x,Q^2)$ are stable under radiative QCD corrections in wide region of the variables $x$ and $Q^2$. This implies that large radiative contributions to the structure functions cancel each other in the ratios $R(x,Q^2)$ and $A(x,Q^2)$ with good acc…
We propose a novel approach to compute the cross section of near-threshold $J/ψ$ and $Υ$ production in electron-proton scattering at large photon virtualities $Q^2$ based on an operator product expansion. We show that the process can be used to extract the gluon part of the D-term gravitational form factor of the proton. At the subleading level, it is also sensitive to the trace anomaly effect of QCD.
As indicated in our previous paper (Phys.Rev.D96.034002), the existing literatures studying the $J/ψ$ production in deeply inelastic scattering (DIS) in collinear factorization are on the basis of a formalism that will lead to wrong results when the ranges of the transverse momentum or the rapidity of the $J/ψ$ in the laboratory frame do not cover all values possible for them. In this paper, we present the renewed results for the $J/ψ$ production in DIS at HERA within the nonrelativistic QCD framework at QCD leading order (LO). Three different sets of the long-distance matrix elements are empl…
NLO K-factors for Single-Inclusive Leptoproduction of Hadrons
在这些会议中，我们讨论了次领先阶（NLO）微扰QCD计算的横截面的过程$\ell N\to h X$。我们简要介绍了计算的主要特点，特别是分析了准实光子的作用，因为散射轻子没有观察到进入的过程。我们发现，非线性光学修正是相当大的自旋平均截面。为了量化这种说法，我们提出了固定目标实验HERMES，JLab12和COMPASS的截面的K因子。
We study the Sivers azimuthal asymmetry for $J/ψ$ production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering, and the still poorly known gluon Sivers function. We concentrate on the $J/ψ$ low transverse momentum region, employing the transverse-momentum dependent generalised parton model (GPM), and its colour gauge invariant extension (CGI-GPM), which includes final-state interactions at leading order. We adopt the nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) framework for the quarkonium formation mechanism, and compare our results for the unpolarised cross section and the Sivers asymmetry with available data, res…
Using the global properties of the QCD partition function we determine an all order perturbative beta function in the background gauge field method to find out that it has a simple expressions whose properties and consequences align with other recent results in the QCD literature. We further compute the non-perturbative beta functions for the coupling constant and the theta angle in the background of an instanton field with winding number $n$. We solve for the theta angle in the non-perturbative region to determine that it is approximately zero. By extrapolating to the full QCD beta functions …
Extraction of the x-dependence of the non-perturbative QCD b-quark fragmentation distribution component
利用最近在Z极记录的$e^+e^- \to b \bar{b}$事件中获得的b夸克碎裂分布的测量结果，独立于任何强子物理模型，提取了该分布的非微扰QCD分量。这种分布只取决于微扰QCD分量的定义方式。当微扰QCD分量取自部分子簇射Monte-Carlo时，非微扰QCD分量与Lund或Bowler模型的结果相当相似。当微扰QCD分量是解析NLL计算的结果时，非微扰QCD分量必须在非物理区域中扩展，因此不能用任何强子模型来描述。在目前研究的用于表征这两种情况的两个例子中，提取的非微扰QCD分布具有相同的形状，在第二种方法中被简单地转换为更高的x值，说明了解析微扰QCD方法比部分子簇射发生器更能解释更软的胶子辐射。
