We present a simple variation of warped flavor models where the hierarchies of fermion masses and mixings are still explained but dangerous flavor violating effects in the Kaon sector are greatly reduced. The key new ingredients are two horizontal U(1) symmetries. These symmetries forbid flavor violation in the down quark sector (with the exception of small IR brane localized kinetic mixing terms for the left-handed quarks) while allowing for flavor violation in the up quark sector. The leading flavor constraints come from D - anti-D mixing, and are safely satisfied for the KK mass scale of order 3 TeV. Our analysis of the flavor constraints also includes the constraints due to the (usually ignored) localized kinetic mixing terms. We also comment on the effects of the additional U(1) gauge bosons.
We propose a new flavor paradigm for models with warped extra dimensions. The idea is to impose the minimal amount of flavor protection to make warped models compatible with all current flavor and electroweak precision constraints. We discuss a particular realization of this minimal flavor protection in the quark sector, by means of a flavor symmetry acting on the right handed down sector. Hierarchical quark masses and mixing angles are naturally reproduced through wave function localization, and flavor violating processes are predicted, in the absence of large brane kinetic terms for the righ…
We examine various possibilities for realistic 5D higgsless models and construct a full quark sector featuring next-to-minimal flavor violation (with an exact bulk SU(2) protecting the first two generations) satisfying electroweak and flavor constraints. The "new custodially protected representation" is used for the third generation to protect the light quarks from flavor violations induced due to the heavy top. A combination of flavor symmetries, and RS-GIM for the right-handed quarks suppresses flavor-changing neutral currents below experimental bounds, assuming CKM-type mixing on the UV bra…
The QCD axion fails to solve the strong CP problem unless all explicit PQ violating, Planck-suppressed, dimension n<10 operators are forbidden or have exponentially small coefficients. We show that all theories with a QCD axion contain an irreducible source of explicit PQ violation which is proportional to the determinant of the Yukawa interaction matrix of colored fermions. Generically, this contribution is of low operator dimension and will drastically destabilize the axion potential, so its suppression is a necessary condition for solving the strong CP problem. We propose a mechanism whereb…
The flavor protection in composite Higgs models with partial compositeness is known to be insufficient. We explore the possibility to alleviate the tension with CP odd observables by assuming that flavor or CP are symmetries of the composite sector, broken by the coupling to Standard Model fields. One realization is that the composite sector has a flavor symmetry SU(3) or SU(3)_U x SU(3)_D which allows us to realize Minimal Flavor Violation. We show how to avoid the previously problematic tension between a flavor symmetric composite sector and electro-weak precision tests. Some of the light qu…
Minimal Flavor Protection for TeV-scale New Physics
University of Basel（巴塞尔大学）；Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universitat de València (UV)（粒子物理研究所（IFIC），西班牙国家科学研究委员会（CSIC）和瓦伦西亚大学（UV））
We study the anatomy and phenomenology of Lepton Flavor Violation (LFV) in the context of Flavored Gauge Mediation (FGM). Within FGM, the messenger sector couples directly to the MSSM matter fields with couplings controlled by the same dynamics that explains the hierarchies in the SM Yukawas. Although the pattern of flavor violation depends on the particular underlying flavor model, FGM provides a built-in flavor suppression similar to wave function renormalization or SUSY Partial Compositeness. Moreover, in contrast to these models, there is an additional suppression of left-right (LR) flavor…
We propose new mechanisms for ameliorating the constraints on the Kaluza-Klein (KK) mass scale from charged lepton flavor violation in the framework of the Standard Model (SM) fields propagating in a warped extra dimension, especially in models accounting for neutrino data. These mechanisms utilize the extended five-dimensional (5D) electroweak gauge symmetry [SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R x U(1)_X] which is already strongly motivated in order to satisfy electroweak precision tests in this framework. New choices of representations for leptons under this symmetry (naturally) can allow small mixing angles f…
We study the possibility of gauging the Standard Model flavor group. Anomaly cancellation leads to the addition of fermions whose mass is inversely proportional to the known fermion masses. In this case all flavor violating effects turn out to be controlled roughly by the Standard Model Yukawa, suppressing transitions for the light generations. Due to the inverted hierarchy the scale of new gauge flavor bosons could be as low as the electroweak scale without violating any existing bound but accessible at the Tevatron and the LHC. The mechanism of flavor protection potentially provides an alter…
A unique description avoiding confusion is presented for all flavor-oscillation experiments in which particles of a definite flavor are emitted from a localized source. The probability for finding a particle with the wrong flavor must vanish at the position of the source for all times. This condition requires flavor-time and flavor-energy factorizations which determine uniquely the flavor mixture observed at a detector in the oscillation region; i.e. where the overlaps between the wave packets for different mass eigenstates differ negligibly from 100\%. The translation of a ``gedanken'' experi…
We consider a simple way for solving the flavor question by embedding the three-familiy Standard Model in a semisimple gauge group extending minimally the weak isospin factor. Quantum chiral anomalies between families of fermions cancel with a matching of the number of families and the number of color degrees of freedom. Our demonstration shows how the theory leads to determination of families structure when the Standard Model is the input at low energies. The new physics is limited to start below a few TeVs within the reach of the next generation colliders.
The flavor sector of Little Higgs models based on product groups, notably the Littlest Higgs with T parity (LHT), has been extensively studied and some amount of fine tuning was found to be required to meet the experimental constraints. However, no such attention has been paid to other classes of models. Here we analyze the phenomenology of flavor mixing in the lepton sector of a simple group model, the Simplest Little Higgs (SLH). We obtain the Feynman rules of the SLH in the 't Hooft-Feynman gauge up to the necessary order and calculate the leading contributions to the rare processes mu -> e…
A unique description avoiding confusion is presented for all flavor oscillation experiments in which particles of a definite flavor are emitted from a localized source. The probability for finding a particle with the wrong flavor must vanish at the position of the source for all times. This condition requires flavor-time and flavor-energy factorizations which determine uniquely the flavor mixture observed at a detector in the oscillation region; i.e. where the overlaps between the wave packets for different mass eigenstates are almost complete. Oscillation periods calculated for ``gedanken'' t…
We show that holographic composite Higgs Models with a discrete A4 symmetry naturally predict hierarchical charged lepton masses and an approximate tri-bimaximal lepton mixing with the correct scale of neutrino masses. They also satisfy current constraints from electroweak precision tests, lepton flavor violation and lepton mixing in a large region of parameter space. Two phenomenologically relevant features arise in these models. First, an extra suppression on the lepton Yukawa couplings makes the tau lepton more composite than naively expected from its mass. As a consequence new light lepton…
A simple Standard Model Extension based on $T_7$ flavor symmetry which accommodates lepton mass and mixing with non-zero $θ_{13}$ and CP violation phase is proposed. At the tree- level, the realistic lepton mass and mixing pattern is derived through the spontaneous symmetry breaking by just one vacuum expectation value ($v$) which is the same as in the Standard Model. Neutrinos get small masses from one $SU(2)_L$ doublet and two $SU(2)_L$ singlets in which one being in $\underline{1}$ and the two others in $\underline{3}$ and $\underline{3}^*$ under $T_7$ , respectively. The model also gives a…
Simple experimental tests are proposed which can clarify the origin for the anomalously high $η'$ appearance in charmless strange final states in $B$ decays and can investigate the the nature of SU(3) symmetry-breaking in weak heavy flavor decays.
Diverse mass and mixing patterns between the quarks and leptons makes it challenging to construct a simple grand unified theory of flavor. We show that SO(10) SUSY GUTs with type II seesaw mechanism giving neutrino masses provide a natural framework for addressing this issue. A simple ansatz that the dominant Yukawa matrix (the 10-Higgs coupling to matter) has rank one, appears to simultaneously explain both the large lepton mixings as well as the observed quark flavor hierarchy in these models. A testable prediction of this ansatz is the neutrino mixing, U_{e3}, which should be observable in …
We study phenomenological constraints on a simple $3-3-1$ model with flavor violating Yukawa couplings. Both triplets Higgs couple to leptons and quarks, which generates flavor violating signals in both lepton and quark sectors. We have shown that this model can allow for large Higgs lepton flavor-violating rate decay $h \rightarrow μτ$ and also can be reached to perfect agreements with other experimental constraints such as $τ\rightarrow μγ$ and $(g-2)_μ$. The contributions of flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC) couplings, Higgs-quark-quark couplings, to the mesons mixing are investigated.…
The chiral quark model with a broken U(3) symmetry gives a simple and unified account for the proton spin and flavor puzzles, as well as the octet baryon magnetic moments.
The use of nonabelian discrete groups G as family symmetries is discussed in detail. Out of all such groups up to order g = 31, the most appealing candidates are two subgroups of SU(2): the dicyclic [double dihedral] group G = $Q_6 ={ }^{(d)}D_3$ ( g = 12 ) and the double tetrahedral group $^{(d)}T = Q_4\tilde{\times}Z_3$ ( g = 24 ). Both can allow a hierarchy $t > b, τ> c > s, μ> u, d, e$. The top quark is uniquely allowed to have a G symmetric mass. Sequential breaking of G and radiative corrections give the smaller masses. Anomaly freedom for gauging $G \subset SU(2)$ is a strong constraint…
Focusing on a simple three neutrino oscillation scenario motivated by the recent Super-Kamiokande result, we discuss both tree-level and 1-loop contributions to neutrino masses in supersymmetry without R-parity, aiming at discerning the flavor structure issues of the theory. The single-VEV parametrization framework, which allows the first consistent treatment of the bilinear and trilinear R-parity violating terms, and hence the tree and 1-loop contributions, without any assumption on the nature of R-parity violation. Though the very small neutrino masses implies stringent suppressions of the r…
We propose a simple clockwork model of flavor which successfully generates the Standard Model flavor hierarchies from random order-one couplings. With very few parameters we achieve distributions of models in excellent agreement with observation. We explain in some detail the interpretation of our mechanism as random localization of zero modes in theory space. The scale of the vectorlike fermions is mostly constrained by lepton flavor violation with secondary constraints arising from rare meson decays.
In our preceeding reports, we have pointed out that a unified description of weak decays accompanying neutrinos and the oscillation process is obtained on the basis of the expectation values of flavor-neutrino numbers with respect to the neutrino-source hadron state. In the present report, we investigate the effect on the expectation values due to the deviation from Fermi's golden relation, and give concrete features of these deviations in the case of $π^+$ and $K^+$-decays under the simple situation with the $3$-momentum $\vec{p_A}=0$ for $A=π^+$, $K^+$. %numerical results under simple situat…
In this paper, we suggest a simple model which induces realistic flavor structure from mixing of flavored Higgs doublets. The idea is based on the decoupling limit. In a model with many Higgs doublets, the mass eigenstates of scalars are linear combinations of Higgs doublets. If the mass matrix of Higgs fields has only one massless mode, and if the linear combination has flavor dependence, the induced Yukawa coupling will have nontrivial flavor structure. We suggest a mass matrix of flavored Higgs fields in a $U(2)_{L} \times U(2)_{R}$ toy model. An advantage of this model is that all of the e…
Lepton flavor violation may be a signature of "GUT scale" physics, if the messenger scale for SUSY breaking is above the "GUT scale." We elaborate on the details of this simple statement in the following talk.
The recently measured unexpected neutrino mixing patterns have caused a resurgence of interest in the study of finite flavor groups with two- and three-dimensional irreducible representations. This paper details the mathematics of the two finite simple groups with such representations, the Icosahedral group A_5, a subgroup of SO(3), and PSL_2(7), a subgroup of SU(3).
Realizing that couplings related by supersymmetry (SUSY) can be disentangled when SUSY is broken, it is suggested that unwanted flavor and CP violating SUSY couplings may be suppressed via quenched gaugino-flavor interactions, which may be accomplished by power-law running of sfermion anomalous dimensions. A simple theoretical framework to accomplish this is exemplified and the defeated constraints are tallied. One key implication of the scenario is the expectation of enhanced top, bottom and tau production at the LHC, accompanied by large missing energy. Also, direct detection signals of dark…
We propose a simple mechanism for stabilizing flavon fields with aligned vacuum structure in models with discrete flavor symmetry. The basic idea is that flavons are stabilized by the balance between the negative soft mass and non-renormalizable terms in the potential. We explicitly discuss how our mechanism works in $A_4$ flavor model, and show that the field content is significantly simplified. It also works as a natural solution to the cosmological domain wall problem.
A simple and model-independent method is proposed to extract information on solar $ν_e$ transition into antineutrinos via the spin flavor precession (SFP) from the measurements of solar neutrino flux at SNO and Super-Kamiokande. Incorporating the KamLAND experimental results, we examine how large the suppression of the solar neutrino flux could be due to the SFP mechanism in the context of the hybrid scenario with two-flavor neutrino and antineutrino mixings.
We propose a minimal modification of the standard model, remarkable in its simplicity, which may solve the strong CP problem. It employs three Higgs doublets with interactions taken to be invariant under a flavor symmetry. Both CP and the flavor symmetry are softly broken by Higgs boson mass terms. In tree approximation, quark mass matrices are triangular and arg det M vanishes, Radiative corrections yield a tiny and tolerable value of theta-bar.
We show that the recently constructed 5-dimensional supersymmetric $S^1/(Z_2\times Z_2')$ orbifold GUT models allow an appealing explanation of the observed hierarchical structure of the quark and lepton masses and mixing angles. Flavor hierarchies arise from the geometrical suppression of some couplings when fields propagate in different numbers of dimensions, or on different fixed branes. Restrictions arising from locality in the extra dimension allow interesting texture zeroes to be easily generated. In addition the detailed nature of the SU(5)-breaking orbifold projections lead to simple t…
Minimal Flavor Violation offers an alternative symmetry rationale to R-parity conservation for the suppression of proton decay in supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model. The naturalness of such theories is generically under less tension from LHC searches than R-parity conserving models. The flavor symmetry can also guarantee the stability of dark matter if it carries flavor quantum numbers. We outline general features of supersymmetric flavored dark matter (SFDM) models within the framework of MFV SUSY. A simple model of top flavored dark matter is presented. If the dark matter is a t…
Exotic Higgs decays are promising channels to discover new physics in the near future. We present a simple model with a new light scalar that couples to the Standard Model through a charged lepton-flavor violating interaction. This can yield exciting new signatures, such as $h \to e^+ e^+ μ^-μ^-$, that currently have no dedicated searches at the Large Hadron Collider. We discuss this model in detail, assess sensitivity from flavor constraints, explore current constraints from existing multi-lepton searches, and construct a new search strategy to optimally target these exotic, lepton-flavor vio…
A simple breaking of the subnuclear democracy of the quarks leads to a mixing between the second and the third family, in agrement with observation. Introducing the mixing between the first and the second family, one finds an interesting pattern of maximal CP--violation as well as a complete determination of the elements of the CKM matrix and of the unitarity triangle.
We examine relation between neutrino oscillation parameters and prediction of lepton flavor violation, in light of deviations from tri-bimaximal mixing. Our study shows that upcoming experimental searches for lepton flavor violation process can provide useful implications for neutrino mass spectrum and mixing angles. With simple structure of heavy right-handed neutrino and supersymmetry breaking sectors, the discovery of tau \to mu gamma decay determines neutrino mass hierarchy if large (order 0.1) reactor angle is established.
We propose a simple model where dark matter (DM) carries top flavor and couples to the Standard Model through the top quark within a framework of minimal flavor violation (MFV). Top-flavored DM can explain the anomalous top forward-backward asymmetry observed at the Tevatron, while remaining consistent with other top observables at colliders. By virtue of its large coupling to top, DM acquires a sizable loop coupling to the Z boson, and the relic density is set by annihilation through the Z. We also discuss contraints from current direct detection searches, emphasizing the role of spin-depende…
A peculiar aspect of the MSSM, the simplest supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model, is that it is usually defined including an ad hoc symmetry, R-parity, whose sole purpose is to forbid rapid proton decay. This symmetry deeply alters the phenomenology of the MSSM, and renders the experimental search strategies quite involved. Besides, the MSSM suffers from a number of flavor puzzles. Generically, the superparticle contributions to Flavor Changing Neutral Currents (FCNC) are too large compared to experiment, both in the quark and lepton sectors. The Minimal Flavor Violation (MFV) hypoth…
Modular flavor symmetries provide us with a new, promising approach to the flavor problem. However, in their original formulation the kinetic terms of the standard model fields do not have a preferred form, thus introducing additional parameters, which limit the predictive power of this scheme. In this work, we introduce the scheme of quasi-eclectic flavor symmetries as a simple fix. These symmetries are the direct product of a modular and a traditional flavor symmetry, which are spontaneously broken to a diagonal modular flavor subgroup. This allows us to construct a version of Feruglio's mod…
We investigate how observations of the lepton flavor violating decay of the Higgs boson ($h \to \ell\ell^\prime$) can narrow down models of neutrino mass generation mechanisms, which were systematically studied in Refs. [1,2] by focusing on the combination of new Yukawa coupling matrices with leptons. We find that a wide class of models for neutrino masses can be excluded if evidence for $h \to \ell\ell^\prime$ is really obtained in the current or future collider experiments. In particular, simple models of Majorana neutrino masses cannot be compatible with the observation of $h \to \ell\ell^\…
Simple formulas on $Δ\bar d(x)-Δ\bar u(x)$ are proposed for extracting their values from polarized deep-inelastic semi-inclusive data. The present SMC and HERMES data suggest that $Δ\bar d(x)-Δ\bar u(x)$ is slightly negative, though the precision of the data is not enough for confirming it.
The recent measurement of a non-zero neutrino mixing angle $θ_{13}$ requires a modification of the tri-bimaximal mixing pattern that predicts a zero value for it. We propose a new neutrino mixing pattern based on a spontaneously-broken $A_{4}$ flavor symmetry and a type-I seesaw mechanism. Our model allows for approximate tri-bimaximal mixing and non-zero $θ_{13}$, and contains a natural way to implement low and high energy CP violation in neutrino oscillations, and leptogenesis with a renormalizable Lagrangian. Both normal and inverted mass hierarchies are permitted within $3σ$ experimental b…
Little Higgs Models are a possible elegant solution to the hierarchy problem on the Higgs mass. As they predict naturally small deviations with respect to SM results, they are in agreement with all current experimental data. In this contribution, we review lepton flavor violation in the Simplest Little Higgs model focusing on semileptonic lepton flavor violating tau decays (where some new results are presented) and $H\to\ell\ell'$. Within this model, the most promising decay channels for discovering lepton flavor violation are $μ\to e$ conversion in nuclei, $μ\to eγ^{(*)}$, $τ\to (e/μ)γ$ and $…
The eigenvector-eigenvalue identities are expanded to include general mixing parameters. Some simple relations are obtained and they reveal an intricate texture of connections between the eigenvalues and the mixing parameters. Permutation symmetry ($S_{3}\times S_{3}$) plays an indispensable role in our analysis. It is the guiding principle for the understanding of our results -- all of them are tensor equations under permutation.
The Lagrangian that is normally associated with Dirac neutrinos is analyzed in a complete and simple way through field theory. It is found that the elements of the neutrino mass matrix are field strength renormalization constants and that the flavor fields can be directly applied to the one-particle energy states through these rescaling factors. Moreover this Lagrangian describes neutrinos which are in a state of mixed flavor at any space-time point and therefore does not describe the phenomenology of neutrino oscillations properly, except in the ultra-relativistic limit where such a descripti…
We study the role played in leptogenesis by the equilibration of lepton flavors, as could be induced in supersymmetric models by off diagonal soft breaking masses for the scalar lepton doublets $\tilde m_{αβ}$, or more generically by new sources of lepton flavor violation. We show that if $\tilde m_{αβ}\gsim 1 $GeV and leptogenesis occurs below $\sim 100 $TeV, dynamical flavor effects are irrelevant and leptogenesis is correctly described by a one-flavor Boltzmann equation. We also discuss spectator effects in low scale leptogenesis by taking into account various chemical equilibrium condition…
Recent experimental research progress of solar neutrino and neutrino oscillation reveals that neutrinos do have nonzero mass, which poses a serious challenge to theoretical physics. Two symmetries, the common invariance under the space-time inversion and the invariance or violation to maximum under the space inversion are analyzed for Dirac equation or the equation for superluminal neutrino respectively. Then a simple three-flavor model containing only one parameter is proposed and the relations among neutrino oscillation, parity violation and superluminal property are emphasized.
The observed hierarchy of fermion masses and mixings may be generated by renormalization group flow if the Standard Model is coupled to a near-conformal sector at high energies. If the conformal sector is supersymmetric, these effects are rendered calculable by a combination of superconformal symmetry and a-maximization. The viability of such models depends on whether they generate the observed fermion mass hierarchy before the Standard Model gauge couplings hit a Landau pole. Here we construct a variety of simple vector-like models of superconformal flavor, including both ten-centered and dem…
We perform a critical reassessment of the constraints on the R-parity and baryon number violating (s)top couplings coming from flavor physics. In particular, we study K0-K0bar mixing, including QCD corrections and a class of diagrams that were neglected in previous analyses: both effects give sizeable contributions. We explain how the resulting bounds can be translated into constraints on individual couplings in the simplest class of flavor models, based on U(1) horizontal symmetries. We finally discuss the implications for the possibility of observing single superparticle production at the Te…
After a pedagogical review of the simple constituent quark model and deep inelastic sum rules, we describe how a quark sea as produced by the emission of internal Goldstone bosons by the valence quarks can account for the observed features of proton spin and flavor structures. Some issues concerning the strange quark content of the nucleon are also discussed.
A new suggestion for organizing the charged pseudo scalar mesons is presented. The simple Non-relativistic (NR) potential model employs a single value of the light quark mass and determines the potential coupling constant directly from the charged pseudo scalar mesons, pion and kaon, experimental charge radii values. All other constituent quark masses are directly dependent on the light quark mass value. The model compares features of the traditional approaches to the NR quark model as well as that of a Relativistic quark model. We explore the possibility of introducing flavor as a dynamic qua…
The Minimal Flavor Violation hypothesis (MFV) is extended to the R-parity violating MSSM, supplemented with a simple seesaw mechanism. The requirement of MFV is shown to suppress lepton and baryon-number violating couplings sufficiently to pass all experimental bounds, in particular those for proton decay, and is thus a viable alternative to R-parity. The phenomenological consequences for FCNC, LFV and colliders are briefly discussed. Typically, MFV predicts sizeable baryon-number violation in some characteristic channels, like single stop resonant production.
We study a simple extension of the Zee model, in which a discrete $Z_2$ symmetry imposed in the original model is replaced by a global $U(1)$ symmetry retaining the same particle content. Due to the $U(1)$ symmetry with flavor dependent charge assignments, the lepton sector has an additional source of flavor violating Yukawa interactions with a controllable structure, while the quark sector does not at tree level. We show that current neutrino oscillation data can be explained under constraints from lepton flavor violating decays of charged leptons in a successful charge assignment of the $U(1…
We study a radiative seesaw model at one-loop level with a flavor dependent gauge symmetry $U(1)_{μ-τ}$, in which we consider bosonic dark matter. We also analyze the constraints from lepton flavor violations, muon $g-2$, relic density of dark matter, and collider physics, and carry out numerical analysis to search for allowed parameter region which satisfy all the constraints and to investigate some predictions. Furthermore we find that a simple but adhoc hypothesis induces specific two zero texture with inverse mass matrix, which provides us several predictions such as a specific pattern of …
We can understand many recently-discovered features of flavor evolution in dense, self-coupled supernova neutrino and antineutrino systems with a simple, physical scheme consisting of two quasi-static solutions. One solution closely resembles the conventional, adiabatic single neutrino Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) mechanism, in that neutrinos and antineutrinos remain in mass eigenstates as they evolve in flavor space. The other solution is analogous to the regular precession of a gyroscopic pendulum in flavor space, and has been discussed extensively in recent works. Results of recent nu…
We study modular symmetric quark flavor models without fine-tuning. Mass matrices are written in terms of modular forms, and modular forms in the vicinity of the modular fixed points become hierarchical depending on their residual charges. Thus modular symmetric flavor models in the vicinity of the modular fixed points have a possibility to describe mass hierarchies without fine-tuning. Since describing quark hierarchies without fine-tuning requires $Z_n$ residual symmetry with $n\geq 6$, we focus on $Γ_6$ modular symmetry in the vicinity of the cusp $τ=i\infty$ where $Z_6$ residual symmetry r…
We stress that the observed pattern of flavor mixings can be partly interpreted by the quark mass hierarchy without the assumption of specific quark mass matrices. The quantitatively proper relations between the Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements and quark mass ratios, such as $$|V_{cb}| \approx |V_{ts}| \approx \sqrt{2} (\frac{m_s}{m_b} -\frac{m_c}{m_t}) [1 + 3 (\frac{m_s}{m_b} + \frac{m_c}{m_t} ) ],$$ are obtainable from a simple {\it Ansatz} of flavor permutation symmetry breaking at the weak scale. We prescribe the same {\it Ansatz} at the supersymmetric grand unified theory scale, and find…
In this talk, we consider the interplay of fundamental and matter-induced T-violating effects in neutrino oscillations in matter. We present a simple approximative analytical formula for the T-violating probability asymmetry for three flavor neutrino oscillations in matter with an arbitrary density profile. We also discuss some implications of the obtained results. Since there are no T-violating effects in two flavor neutrino case (in the limit of vanshing $θ_{13}$ or $Δm_{21}^2$, the three flavor neutrino oscillations reduces to the two flavor ones), the T-violating probability asymmetry can,…
