Quasi-free photoproduction of eta-mesons of the neutron
I. Jaegle, T. Mertens, A. V. Anisovich, J. C. S. Bacelar, B. Bantes, O. Bartholomy, D. Bayadilov, R. Beck, Y. A. Beloglazov, R. Castelijns, V. Crede, H. Dutz, A… 展开作者
I. Jaegle, T. Mertens, A. V. Anisovich, J. C. S. Bacelar, B. Bantes, O. Bartholomy, D. Bayadilov, R. Beck, Y. A. Beloglazov, R. Castelijns, V. Crede, H. Dutz, A. Ehmanns, D. Elsner, K. Essig, R. Ewald, I. Fabry, M. Fuchs, C. Funke, R. Gothe, R. Gregor, A. B. Gridnev, E. Gutz, S. Hoeffgen, P. Hoffmeister, I. Horn, J. Junkersfeld, H. Kalinowsky, S. Kammer, V. Kleber, Frank Klein, Friedrich Klein, E. Klempt, M. Konrad, M. Kotulla, B. Krusche, M. Lang, J. Langheinrich, H. Loehner, I. V. Lopatin, J. Lotz, S. Lugert, D. Menze, J. G. Messchendorp, V. Metag, C. Morales, M. Nanova, V. A. Nikonov, D. V. Novinski, R. Novotny, M. Ostrick, L. M. Pant, H. van Pee, M. Pfeiffer, A. K. Radkov, A. Roy, A. V. Sarantsev, S. Schadmand, C. Schmidt, H. Schmieden, B. Schoch, S. Shende, V. Sokhoyan, A. Suele, V. V. Sumachev, T. Szczepanek, U. Thoma, D. Trnka, R. Varma, D. Walther, C. Weinheimer, C. Wendel
Quasi-free photoproduction of eta-mesons off nucleons bound in the deuteron has been measured with the CBELSA/TAPS detector for incident photon energies up to 2.5 GeV at the Bonn ELSA accelerator. The eta-mesons have been detected in coincidence with recoil protons and recoil neutrons, which allows a detailed comparison of the quasi-free n(gamma,eta)n and p(gamma,eta)p reactions. The excitation function for eta-production off the neutron shows a pronounced bump-like structure at W=1.68 GeV (E_g ~ 1 GeV), which is absent for the proton.
Photoproduction of eta-mesons off 3He has been studied at the MAMI accelerator using the Crystal Ball/TAPS detector setup. The total cross section for the coherent eta-photoproduction was measured with improved statistical quality. Both, the total and differential cross sections show evidence for dominant final state interaction. Additionally, the photoproduction of eta- mesons off quasi-free protons and neutrons was studied. The preliminary cross section on the neutron confirms the narrow bump-like structure at W \simeq 1.7 GeV, which was already seen in different experiments on the deuterium…
In a series of experiments coherent and quasifree eta-photoproduction from light nuclei (4He, 3He, 2H) was investigated with the TAPS-detector at the Mainz MAMI-accelerator. The experiments were motivated by two different subjects: the determination of the isospin structure of the electromagnetic excitation of the S11(1535) resonance and the study of the eta-nucleon and eta-nucleus interaction at small momenta. The results for the deuteron and 4He are summarized and first preliminary results for 3He are presented.
In this contribution, we will present our first preliminary measurement of the differential cross section for the reaction gamma+n->eta+n. Comparison of the reactions gamma+p->eta+p for free and bound proton (D2 target) will also be discussed.
Differential cross sections for the reaction gamma p -> eta-prime p have been measured with the CLAS spectrometer and a tagged photon beam with energies from 1.527 to 2.227 GeV. The results reported here possess much greater accuracy than previous measurements. Analyses of these data indicate for the first time the coupling of the etaprime N channel to both the S_11(1535) and P_11(1710) resonances, known to couple strongly to the eta N channel in photoproduction on the proton, and the importance of j=3/2 resonances in the process.
We present preliminary results of an experiment performed at the 1-GeV electron synchrotron of the Lebedev Physical Institute. Using the bremsstrahlung photon beam with the end-point energy of 650-850 MeV and the carbon target, correlated pi+/n pairs with opening angle 180 deg and energies E_pi=300 MeV, E_n=100 MeV have been observed. They arise from the process gamma + 12C -> N + eta + (A-1) -> N + pi+ + n + (A-2) and provide evidence for the existence of eta-11B and eta-11C eta-mesic nuclei.
Quasi-free photoproduction of eta-mesons off the neutron and off the proton has been studied using a deuterium target and bremsstrahlung photons produced by MAMI-C with incident energies up to 1.5 GeV. The eta-mesons were detected in coincidence with the recoil nucleons thus a fully exclusive measurement was performed. Preliminary results show a bump-like structure in the excitation function for the neutron close to W $\approx$ 1675 MeV which is not seen for the proton. Considering the experimental resolution and using a Breit-Wigner fit the width of this structure was approximated below 50 Me…
Differential cross sections for eta photoproduction off protons have been measured at E_gamma = 1.6 - 2.4 GeV in the backward direction. A bump structure has been observed above 2.0 GeV in the total energy. No such bump is observed in cross sections for eta', omega and pi0 photoproductions. It is inferred that this unique structure in eta photoproduction is due to a baryon resonance with a large portion of ss-bar strongly coupled to the etaN channel.
Coherent photoproduction of eta mesons from the deuteron has been measured from threshold up to incident photon energies of 750 MeV using the photon spectrometer TAPS at the tagged photon facility at the Mainz microtron MAMI. For the first time, differential coherent cross sections have been deduced from the coincident detection of the eta meson and the recoil deuteron. A missing energy analysis was used for the suppression of background events so that a very clean identification of coherent eta-photoproduction was achieved. The resulting cross sections agree with previous experimental results…
A new experiment is proposed with the aim to study eta-mesic nuclei and low-energy interactions of eta with nuclei. Two decay modes of eta produced by a photon beam inside a nucleus will be observed, namely a collisional decay ηN \to πN inside the nucleus and the radiative decay η\to γγoutside. In addition, a collisional decay of stopped S_{11}(1535) resonance inside the nucleus, S_{11}(1535) N \to N N, will be studied. The experiment can be performed using the tagged photon beam at ESRF with the end-point energy 1000 MeV and the GRAAL detector which includes a high-resolution BGO calorimeter …
The photoproduction of eta-mesons from 2H and 4He has been studied for energies close to the production thresholds. The experiments were carried out with the tagged photon beam of the Mainz MAMI accelerator. The eta-mesons were detected via their two photon decays with the electromagnetic calorimeter TAPS. Total cross sections, angular and momentum distributions of the eta-mesons have been determined for both reactions. The total cross sections in the threshold region show a large enhancement over the predictions of a participant - spectator model, indicating significant final state interactio…
The photoproduction of eta-mesic 3He has been investigated using the TAPS calorimeter at the Mainz Microtron accelerator facility MAMI. The total inclusive cross section for the reaction gamma+3He->eta+X has been measured for photon energies from threshold to 820 MeV. The total and angular differential coherent eta cross sections have been extracted up to energies of 745 MeV. A resonance-like structure just above the eta production threshold with an isotropic angular distribution suggests the existence of a resonant quasi-bound state. This is supported by studies of a competing decay channel o…
The isobar model EtaMAID has been updated with new and high precision data for eta and etaprime photoproduction on protons and neutrons from MAMI, ELSA, GRAAL and CLAS. The background is described in a recently developed Regge-cut model, and for the resonance part the whole list of nucleon resonances has been investigated with 21 N* states contributing to eta photoproduction and 12 N* states contributing to etaprime photoproduction. A new approach is discussed to avoid double counting in the overlap region of Regge and resonances. A comparison is done among four newly updated partial waves ana…
The beam asymmetry, $Σ$, was measured at ELSA in the reaction $\vec γp \to ηp$ using linearly polarised tagged photon beams, produced by coherent bremsstrahlung off a diamond. The crystal was oriented to provide polarised photons in the energy range $E_γ= 800$ to 1400 MeV with the maximum polarisation of $P_γ= 49$ % obtained at 1305 MeV. Both dominant decay modes of the $η$ into two photons and $3π^0$ were used to extract the beam asymmetry from the azimuthal modulation of the cross section. The measurements cover the angular range $Θ_\text{cm}\simeq 50$ -- 150 degrees. Large asymmetries up to…
Beam asymmetry and differential cross section for the reaction gamma+p->eta+p were measured from production threshold to 1500 MeV photon laboratory energy. The two dominant neutral decay modes of the eta meson, eta->2g and eta->3pi0, were analyzed. The full set of measurements is in good agreement with previously published results. Our data were compared with three models. They all fit satisfactorily the results but their respective resonance contributions are quite different. The possible photoexcitation of a narrow state N(1670) was investigated and no evidence was found.
The photoproduction of $η^{'}$-mesons from different nuclei has been measured using the Crystal Barrel(CB)/TAPS detector system at the ELSA accelerator facility in Bonn. Recent results on the in-medium properties of the $η^{'}$-meson, derived from the transparency ratio measurements, are presented. The absorption of the $η^{'}$-meson in nuclear matter is compared to the properties of the other mesons ($η$ and $ω$).
The Chew-Mandelstam parameterization, which has been used extensively in the two-body hadronic sector, is generalized in this exploratory study to the electromagnetic sector by simultaneous fits to the pion- and eta-photoproduction S-wave multipole amplitudes for center-of-mass energies from the pion threshold through 1.61 GeV. We review the Chew-Mandelstam parameterization in detail to clarify the theoretical content of the SAID hadronic amplitude analysis and to place the proposed, generalized SAID electromagnetic amplitudes in the context of earlier employed parameterized forms. The paramet…
Recent results for the photoproduction of mesons off nuclei are reviewed. These experiments have been performed for two major lines of research related to the properties of the strong interaction. The investigation of nucleon resonances requires light nuclei as targets for the extraction of the isospin composition of the electromagnetic excitations. This is done with quasi-free meson photoproduction off the bound neutron and supplemented with the measurement of coherent photoproduction reactions, serving as spin and/or isospin filters. Furthermore, photoproduction from light and heavy nuclei i…
Quasi-free photoproduction of eta-mesons from the deuteron has been measured at the tagged photon facility of the Mainz microtron MAMI with the photon spectrometer TAPS for incident photon energies from the production threshold at 630 MeV up to 820 MeV. In a fully exclusive measurement eta-mesons and recoil nucleons were detected in coincidence. At incident photon energies above the production threshold on the free nucleon, where final state interaction effects are negligible, an almost constant ratio of sigma(n)/sigma(p)=0.66+/-0.10 was found. At lower incident photon energies the ratio rises…
We analyse data on forward eta-meson photoproduction off a proton target and extract the eta to gamma gamma decay width utilizing the Primakoff effect. The hadronic amplitude that enters into our analysis is strongly constrained because it is fixed from a global fit to available gamma p to p eta data for differential cross sections and polarizations. We compare our results with present information on the two-photon eta-decay from the literature. We provide predictions for future PrimEx experiments at Jefferson Laboratory in order to motivate further studies.
The $ηN$ final state is isospin-selective and thus provides access to the spectrum of excited nucleons without being affected by excited $Δ$ states. To this end, the world database on eta photoproduction off the proton up to a center-of-mass energy of $E\sim 2.3$ GeV is analyzed, including data on differential cross sections, and single and double polarization observables. The resonance spectrum and its properties are determined in a combined analysis of eta and pion photoproduction off the proton together with the reactions $πN\to πN$, $ηN$, $KΛ$ and $KΣ$. For the analysis, the so-called Jüli…
Data on the photoproduction of omega mesons on nuclei have been re-analyzed in search for in-medium modifications. The data were taken with the Crystal Barrel(CB)/TAPS detector system at the ELSA accelerator facility in Bonn. The extracted omega line shape was found to be sensitive to the background subtraction. In experiments at the tagged photon facility of the Mainz MAMI accelerator photoproduction of mesons from light nuclear targets (deuteron and 3He) has been studied. The experiments used the combined Crystal Ball/TAPS setup in Mainz. Measurements of eta- and pi0-photoproduction off a li…
A new transversely polarised frozen spin target has been developed at MAMI which will be used in conjunction with the photon tagger and the Crystal Ball detector. The new target permits a major new programme of accurate measurement of polarisation observables in meson photoproduction. This contribution presents some of the preliminary analysis from experimental data taken near the threshold and in the region of the $Δ(1232)$ resonance. Observables will be obtained for the $pπ^0$ and $nπ^+$ final states.
We analyse photoproduction of eta mesons off the proton in a gauge-invariant chiral unitary framework. The interaction kernel for meson-baryon scattering is derived from the leading order chiral effective Lagrangian and iterated in a Bethe-Salpeter equation. The recent precise threshold data from the Crystal Ball at MAMI can be described rather well and the complex pole corresponding to the S11(1535) is extracted. An extension of the kernel is also discussed.
Revised analysis of $Σ$ beam asymmetry for $η$ photoproduction on the free proton reveals a resonant structure at $W\sim 1.69$ GeV. Comparison of experimental data with multipole decomposition based on the E429 solution of the SAID partial wave analysis and including narrow states, suggests a narrow ($Γ\leq 15$ MeV) resonance. Possible candidates are $P_{11}$, $P_{13}$, or $D_{13}$ resonances. The result is considered in conjunction with the recent evidence for a bump-like structure at $W\sim 1.67 - 1.68$ GeV in quasi-free $η$ photoproduction on the neutron.
Revised analysis of Sigma beam asymmetry for eta photoproduction off the free proton from GRAAL is presented. New analysis reveals a narrow structure near W ~1.685 GeV. We describe this structure by the contribution of a narrow resonance with quantum numbers P_{11}, or P_{13}, or D_{13}. Being considered together with the recent observations of a bump-like structure at W~1.68 GeV in the quasi-free eta photoproduction off the neutron, this result provides an evidence for a narrow (Gamma < 25 MeV) N*(1685) resonance. Properties of this possible new nucleon state, namely the mass, the narrow widt…
We investigate photoproduction of eta mesons off protons and neutrons within a coupled-channels effective-Lagrangian method which is based on the K-matrix approach. The two-body final channels included are pi-N, eta-N, phi-N, rho-N, gamma-N, K-Lambda, and K-Sigma. Non-resonant meson-baryon interactions are included in the model via nucleon intermediate states in the s- and u-channels, meson exchanges in the t-channel amplitude and the u-channel resonances. The nucleon resonances S_{11}(1535), S_{11}(1650), S_{31}(1620), P_{11}(1440), P_{11}(1710), P_{13}(1720), P_{33}(1232), P_{33}(1600), D_{1…
There exist model calculations showing the modification of the hadronic parameters of $ρ$ meson in the nuclear environment. From these parameters, we extract the $ρ$ meson nucleus optical potential and show the medium effect due to this potential on the $ρ$ meson mass distribution spectra in the photonuclear reaction. The calculated results reproduced reasonably the measured $e^+e^-$ invariant mass, i.e., $ρ$ meson mass, distribution spectra in the $( γ, ρ^0 \to e^+e^- )$ reaction on nuclei.
Vector meson photoproduction offers the opportunity to image target nuclei. The two-dimensional Fourier transform $dσ_{\rm coherent}/dt$ of coherent vector meson photoproduction gives the two-dimensional distribution of interaction sites in the target. Since vector meson photoproduction occurs, at lowest order, via two-gluon exchange, this is sensitive to gluon shadowing. We present an analysis of $π^+π^-$ photoproduction using data from the STAR detector and a study of $dσ_{\rm coherent}/dt$, with an emphasis on probing the nuclear shape and its systematic uncertainties.
We evaluated recent CLAS Collaboration measurements for the $90^\circ$ meson photoproduction off the nucleon using a tagged photon beam spanning the energy interval $s = 3 - 11$ GeV$^2$. The results are compared with the "Quark Counting Rules" predictions.
We make predictions for the cross sections of coherent photoproduction of $ρ$, $ϕ$, $J/ψ$, $ψ(2S)$, and $Υ(1S)$ mesons in Pb-Pb ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV in the kinematics of run 2 at the Large Hadron Collider extending the approaches successfully describing the available Pb-Pb UPC data at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV. Our results illustrate the important roles of hadronic fluctuations of the photon and inelastic nuclear shadowing in photoproduction of light vector mesons on nuclei and the large leading twist nuclear gluon shadowing in photoproduction of quarkon…
In this work we analyse the theoretical uncertainties on the predictions for the photoproduction of light vector mesons in coherent pp, pA and AA collisions at the LHC energies using the color dipole approach. In particular, we present our predictions for the rapidity distribution for rh0 and phi photoproduction and perform an analysis on the uncertainties associated to the choice of vector meson wavefunctionand the phenomenological models for the dipole cross section. Comparison is done with the recent ALICE analysis on coherent production of rho at 2.76 TeV in PbPb collisions.
In this work we investigate the photoproduction of radially excited vector mesons off nuclei in heavy ion relativistic collisions. In particular, we analyze the exclusive photoproduction of psi(2S) off nuclei, evaluating the coherent and the incoherent contributions to that process. The theoretical framework used in the present analysis is the light-cone dipole formalism and predictions are done for PbPb collisions at the CERN-LHC energy of 2.76 TeV. The theoretical uncertainties are analyzed and comparison is also done to the recent ALICE Collaboration data for the psi(1S) state photoproducti…
We study tensor meson photoproduction outside of the resonance region, at beam energies of few GeVs. We build a model based on Regge theory that includes the leading vector and axial exchanges. We consider two determinations of the unknown helicity couplings, and fit to the recent a2 photoproduction data from CLAS. Both choices give a similar description of the a2 cross section, but result in different predictions for the parity asymmetries and the f2 photoproduction cross section. We conclude that new measurements of f2 photoproduction in the forward region are needed to pin down the correct …
High-accuracy $Υ$-meson photoproduction data from EIC and EicC experiments will allow the measurement of the near-threshold total cross section of the reaction $γp\toΥp$, from which the absolute value of the $Υp$ scattering length, $|α_{Υp}|$, can be extracted using a Vector-Meson Dominance model. For this evaluation, we used $Υ$-meson photoproduction quasi-data from the QCD approach (the production amplitude can be factorized in terms of gluonic generalized parton distributions and the quarkonium distribution amplitude). A comparative analysis of $|α_{Υp}|$ with the recently determined scatte…
The comparison of photoproduction cross sections for $c\bar{c}$ and b-b(bar) in PbPb and pPb collisions can give sensitivity to nuclear shadowing effects. The photoproduction of vector mesons is even more sensitive to the underlying gluon distributions. In this study we present the cross sections and rapidity dependence of the photoproduction of heavy quarks and exclusive production of vector mesons in ultraperipheral pPb and PbPb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider at sqrt(s_NN)=5 TeV and sqrt(s_NN)=2.76$ TeV, respectively. The potentials of using these processes for constraining nuclear …
Enlarging the set of hard exclusive reactions to be studied in the framework of QCD collinear factorization opens new possibilities to access generalized parton distributions (GPDs). We studied the photoproduction of a large invariant mass photon-photon or photon-meson pair in the generalized Bjorken regime which may be accessible both at JLab and at the EIC.
Positivity constraints have proved to be important for spin observables of exclusive reactions involving polarized initial and final particles. Attention is focused in this note on the photoproduction of pseudoscalar mesons from spin 1/2 baryons, more specifically gamma+ N -> K+ Lambda, gamma+ N -> K Sigma, for which new experimental data are becoming available.
Inclusive heavy meson photoproduction in $pPb$ and $PbPb$ collisions
Federal University of Pelotas（佩洛塔斯联邦大学）；The Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN)（波兰科学院亨利克·涅沃德尼茨基核物理研究所）
We discuss the procedure of extracting the photoproduction cross section for neutral pseudoscalar mesons off neutrons from deuteron data. The main statement is that the final-state interaction (FSI) corrections for the proton and neutron target are in general not equal, but for pi0 production there are special cases were they have to be identical and there are large regions in the parameter space of incident photon energy and pion polar angle, θ^*, where they happen to be quite similar. The corrections for both target nucleons are practically identical for $π_0$ production in the energy range …
