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arXiv 0804.3819astro-ph
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HST/ACS观测到的近边螺旋星系中恒星形成驱动的外流:晕形态对恒星形成活动的依赖性

HST/ACS Observations of Star Formation Driven Outflows in Nearby Edge-on Spiral Galaxies: Dependence of Halo Morphology on Star Formation Activity

Joern Rossa, Michael Dahlem, Ralf-Juergen Dettmar, Roeland P. van der Marel

摘要:

(节录)。我们提出了新的高空间分辨率窄带成像观测的平面外弥漫电离气体(eDIG)在四个晚型,积极的恒星形成的边缘上的螺旋,获得与ACS上的HST。我们的F658 N(H-alpha)观测揭示了许多小尺度和大尺度的结构。虽然所有四个星系都已经用地基望远镜研究过了,但这里首次以0.05”的空间分辨率呈现了扩展发射线气体的小尺度结构,相当于到目标星系平均距离的5.0 pc。这四个目标的eDIG形态非常不同,可能是由于它们的恒星形成活动水平不同。我们发现,eDIG的形态,特别是在星系晕成细丝的扩散发射的分解,表现出强烈的依赖于每单位面积的恒星形成活动的水平,和eDIG可以安排成一个形态序列。在我们的样品中,NGC 4634和NGC 5775具有最高的每单位面积SF率,并且观察到的形态表明,光滑eDIG层分解成单个解析细丝仅在高于每单位面积SF活性的一定阈值时发生。结合跨越更大范围的星系质量样本的地面数据,我们的研究结果表明,引力势也在eDIG形态中起着重要的作用。在低质量星系中,由于引力势较浅,气体更容易被驱逐,并与强烈的恒星形成驱动的局部外流相耦合。这与更大质量的星系形成对比,这些星系显示出平滑的eDIG层,除非它们由超级风提供动力,就像有核星暴星系一样。

英文摘要:

(Abridged). We present new high spatial resolution narrowband imaging observations of extraplanar diffuse ionized gas (eDIG) in four late-type, actively star forming edge-on spirals, obtained with ACS on-board HST. Our F658N (H-alpha) observations reveal a multitude of structures on both small and large scales. Whereas all four galaxies have been studied with ground-based telescopes before, here the small scale structure of the extended emission line gas is presented for the first time at a spatial resolution of 0.05", corresponding to 5.0 pc at the mean distance to the target galaxies. The eDIG morphology is very different for all four targets, probably as a result of their different levels of star formation activity. We find that the morphology of the eDIG, in particular the break-up of diffuse emission into filaments in galaxy halos, shows a strong dependence on the level of star formation activity per unit area, and eDIG can be arranged into a morphological sequence. NGC4634 and NGC5775 have the highest SF rate per unit area in our sample and the observed morphology suggests that the break-up of the smooth eDIG layer into individual resolved filaments occurs only above a certain threshold of SF activity per unit area. Combined with ground-based data for samples that span a larger range of galaxy mass our results indicate that the gravitational potential also plays an important role in the eDIG morphology. In low-mass galaxies the gas can be expelled due to shallow gravitational potentials more easily and couple with strong star formation driven outflows on a local scale. This is in contrast to the more massive galaxies, which show smooth eDIG layers, unless they are powered by a superwind, as in the case of nucleated starburst galaxies.

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