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arXiv 0810.3660astro-ph
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矮星系中的球状星团系统:I.低环境密度下球状星团的HST/ACS观测和动力学性质

Globular Cluster Systems in Nearby Dwarf Galaxies: I. HST/ACS Observations and Dynamical Properties of Globular Clusters at Low Environmental Density

Iskren Y. Georgiev, Thomas H. Puzia, Michael Hilker, Paul Goudfrooij

摘要:

利用F606 W和F814 W滤波器拍摄的HST/ACS影像,研究了位于附近(<12 Mpc)松散星系团晕区和野外环境中的68个暗(Mv>-16等)矮星系的老球状星团(GC)种群。175个GC候选者的组合颜色分布峰值在(V-I)=0.96 +/- 0.07等,整个样品的GC光度函数转换在Mv,to = -7.6 +/- 0.11等,类似于旧的贫金属LMC GC群体。我们的数据揭示了一个试探性的趋势Mv,从晚型到早型星系变得越来越暗。以dIrrs为单位的GC的光度和颜色分布显示缺乏淡蓝色GC。我们的分析表明,这可能反映了一个相对年轻的GC系统比通常发现的明亮的早型星系。如果通过光谱学证实,这将表明矮星系中第一个贫金属星团的形成时代较晚。我们发现了几个明亮的(大规模的)GC居住在其宿主星系的核区域。这些核团的光度和结构参数与被怀疑是吸积矮星系残留核的特殊星系团相似,如M54和wCen。除了这些核星系团,GC在半光半径与星系团质量平面上的dIrrs分布非常类似于银河系年轻的晕星系团,这表明可比较的形成和动力学演化历史。与星系团破裂理论模型的比较表明,在良性潮汐环境中,低质量星系中的GCs动态地演化为自引力系统。

英文摘要:

We investigate the old globular cluster (GC) population of 68 faint (Mv>-16 mag) dwarf galaxies located in the halo regions of nearby (<12 Mpc) loose galaxy groups and in the field environment based on archival HST/ACS images in F606W and F814W filters. The combined color distribution of 175 GC candidates peaks at (V-I)=0.96 +/- 0.07 mag and the GC luminosity function turnover for the entire sample is found at Mv,to = -7.6 +/- 0.11 mag, similar to the old metal-poor LMC GC population. Our data reveal a tentative trend of Mv,to becoming fainter from late-type to early-type galaxies. The luminosity and color distributions of GCs in dIrrs shows a lack of faint blue GCs. Our analysis reveals that this might reflect a relatively younger GC system than typically found in luminous early-type galaxies. If verified by spectroscopy this would suggest a later formation epoch of the first metal-poor star clusters in dwarf galaxies. We find several bright (massive) GCs which reside in the nuclear regions of their host galaxies. These nuclear clusters have similar luminosities and structural parameters as the peculiar Galactic clusters suspected of being the remnant nuclei of accreted dwarf galaxies, such as M54 and wCen. Except for these nuclear clusters, the distribution of GCs in dIrrs in the half-light radius vs. cluster mass plane is very similar to that of Galactic young halo clusters, which suggests comparable formation and dynamical evolution histories. A comparison with theoretical models of cluster disruption indicates that GCs in low-mass galaxies evolve dynamically as self-gravitating systems in a benign tidal environment.

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