Andrea Posilicano, Luca Raimondi
Given a symmetric, semi-bounded, second order elliptic differential operator on a bounded domain with $C^{1,1}$ boundary, we provide a Krein-type formula for the resolvent difference between its Friedrichs extension and an arbitrary self-adjoint one.
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We prove in this paper resolvent estimates for the boundary values of resolvents of selfadjoint operators on a Krein space: if $H$ is a selfadjoint operator on a Krein space $\cH$, equipped with the Krein scalar product $\langle \cdot| \cdot \rangle$, $A$ is the generator of a $C_{0}-$group on $\cH$ and $I\subset \rr$ is an interval such that: \begin{itemize} \item[]1) $H$ admits a Borel functional calculus on $I$, \item[]2) the spectral projection $\one_{I}(H)$ is positive in the Krein sense, \item[]3) the following {\em positive commutator estimate} holds: \[ \Re \langle u| [H, ıA]u\rangle\g…
For a second-order symmetric strongly elliptic operator A on a smooth bounded open set Ωin R^n with boundary Σ, the mixed problem is defined by a Neumann-type condition on a part Sigma_+ of the boundary and a Dirichlet condition on the other part Sigma_-. We show a Krein resolvent formula, where the difference between its resolvent and the Dirichlet resolvent is expressed in terms of operators acting on Sobolev spaces over Sigma_+. This is used to obtain a new Weyl-type spectral asymptotics formula for the resolvent difference (where upper estimates were known before), namely s_j j^{2/(n-1)}\t…
We study Robin-to-Robin maps, and Krein-type resolvent formulas for Schrödinger operators on bounded Lipschitz domains in $\bbR^n$, $n\ge 2$, with generalized Robin boundary conditions.
We study generalized Robin boundary conditions, Robin-to-Dirichlet maps, and Krein-type resolvent formulas for Schrödinger operators on bounded Lipschitz domains in $\bbR^n$, $n\ge 2$. We also discuss the case of bounded $C^{1,r}$-domains, $(1/2)<r<1$.
The paper reports on a recent construction of M-functions and Krein resolvent formulas for general closed extensions of an adjoint pair, and their implementation to boundary value problems for second-order strongly elliptic operators on smooth domains. The results are then extended to domains with $C^{1,1}$ Hölder smoothness, by use of a recently developed calculus of pseudodifferential boundary operators with nonsmooth symbols.
I offer a simple and useful formula for the resolvent of a small rank perturbation of large matrices. I discuss applications of this formula, in particular, to analytical and numerical solving of difference boundary value problems. I present examples connected with such problems for the difference Laplacian and estimate numerical efficiency of the corresponding algorithms.
This paper has two main goals. First, we are concerned with the classification of self-adjoint extensions of the Laplacian $-Δ\big|_{C^\infty_0(Ω)}$ in $L^2(Ω; d^n x)$. Here, the domain $Ω$ belongs to a subclass of bounded Lipschitz domains (which we term quasi-convex domains), which contain all convex domains, as well as all domains of class $C^{1,r}$, for $r\in(1/2,1)$. Second, we establish Krein-type formulas for the resolvents of the various self-adjoint extensions of the Laplacian in quasi-convex domains and study the properties of the corresponding Weyl--Titchmarsh operators (or energy-d…
For a strongly elliptic second-order operator $A$ on a bounded domain $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ it has been known for many years how to interpret the general closed $L_2(Ω)$-realizations of $A$ as representing boundary conditions (generally nonlocal), when the domain and coefficients are smooth. The purpose of the present paper is to extend this representation to nonsmooth domains and coefficients, including the case of Hölder $C^{\frac32+\varepsilon}$-smoothness, in such a way that pseudodifferential methods are still available for resolvent constructions and ellipticity considerations. We show…
In this paper we develop certain aspects of perturbation theory for self-adjoint operators subject to small variations of their domains. We use the abstract theory of boundary triplets to quantify such perturbations and give the second order asymptotic analysis for resolvents, spectral projections, discrete eigenvalues of the corresponding self-adjoint operators. In particular, we derive explicit formulas for the first variation and the Hessian of the eigenvalue curves bifurcating from a discrete eigenvalue of an unperturbed operator. An application is given to a matrix valued Robin Laplacian …
In this paper we study the self-adjoint Krein-von Neumann realization $A_K$ of the perturbed Laplacian $-Δ+V$ in a bounded Lipschitz domain $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^n$. We provide an explicit and self-contained description of the domain of $A_K$ in terms of Dirichlet and Neumann boundary traces, and we establish a Weyl asymptotic formula for the eigenvalues of $A_K$.
We consider self-adjoint realizations of a second-order elliptic differential expression on ${\mathbb R}^n$ with singular interactions of $δ$ and $δ^\prime$-type supported on a compact closed smooth hypersurface in ${\mathbb R}^n$. In our main results we prove spectral asymptotics formulae with refined remainder estimates for the singular values of the resolvent difference between the standard self-adjoint realizations and the operators with a $δ$ and $δ^\prime$-interaction, respectively. Our technique makes use of general pseudodifferential methods, classical results on spectral asymptotics o…
Spectral estimates for resolvent differences of self-adjoint elliptic operators
本文发展拟边界三元组及其 Weyl 函数理论，证明预解式差属于算子理想的一般定理，并应用于有界、外部区域及含 δ、δ′ 超曲面势的椭圆算子。
In this paper we prove a subelliptic resolvent estimate for a class of semiclassical non-self-adjoint Schrödinger operators with purely imaginary potentials when the spectral parameter is in a parabolic neighborhood of the imaginary axis.
In this note, we consider the wave operator $\square_g$ in the case of globally hyperbolic, compactly supported perturbations of static spacetimes. We give an elementary proof of the essential self-adjointness of $\square_g$ and of uniform microlocal estimates for the resolvent in this setting. This provides a model for studying Lorentzian spectral zeta functions which is particularly simple, yet sufficiently general for locally deriving Einstein equations from a spectral Lagrangian.
Harmonic Approximation and Resolvent Estimates for Semiclassical Non-Self-Adjoint Operators
研究一类具有临界点的非自伴非椭圆h-伪微分算子的预解估计和低端谱界，通过主象征实部沿虚部哈密顿流的平均动力学条件，在半经典伪谱边界附近建立精确预解估计。
We study in this paper an abstract class of Klein-Gordon equations: \[ \p_{t}^{2}ϕ(t)- 2ık \p_{t}ϕ(t)+ h ϕ(t)=0, \] where $ϕ: \rr\to \cH$, $\cH$ is a (complex) Hilbert space, and $h$, $k$ are self-adjoint, resp. symmetric operators on $\cH$. We consider their generators $H$ (resp. $K$) in the two natural spaces of Cauchy data, the energy (resp. charge) spaces. We do not assume that the dynamics generated by $H$ or $K$ has any positive conserved quantity, in particular these operators may have complex spectrum. Assuming conditions on $h$ and $k$ which allow to use the theory of selfadjoint oper…
We consider a non-self-adjoint $h$-pseudodifferential operator $P$ in the semi-classical limit ($h\to 0$). If $p$ is the leading symbol, then under suitable assumptions about the behaviour of $p$ at infinity, we know that the resolvent $(z-P)^{-1}$ is uniformly bounded for $z$ in any compact set not intersecting the closure of the range of $p$. Under a subellipticity condition, we show that the resolvent extends locally inside the range up to a distance ${\cal O}(1)((h\ln \frac{1}{h})^{k/(k+1)})$ from certain boundary points, where $k\in \{2,4,...\}$. This is a slight improvement of a result b…
Low energy resolvent expansions in dimension two
本文针对二维拉普拉斯算子紧支扰动，结合Vodev的预解式恒等式与Melrose的边界配对方法推导低能预解式展开，对自伴及非自伴黑箱扰动获精确结果，详细计算最奇异项并关联零特征值空间与共振。
The compression of the resolvent of a non-self-adjoint Schrödinger operator $-Δ+V$ onto a subdomain $Ω\subset\mathbb R^n$ is expressed in a Krein-Naimark type formula, where the Dirichlet realization on $Ω$, the Dirichlet-to-Neumann maps, and certain solution operators of closely related boundary value problems on $Ω$ and $\mathbb R^n\setminus\overlineΩ$ are being used. In a more abstract operator theory framework this topic is closely connected and very much inspired by the so-called coupling method that has been developed for the self-adjoint case by Henk de Snoo and his coauthors.
A survey on the resolvent convergence
该综述围绕自伴算子预解式展开，研究无界自伴算子多类预解式收敛的特性、其与谱收敛的关联，以及和强图极限、$G$-收敛、$Γ$-收敛的联系。
By Birman and Skvortsov it is known that if $\Omegasf$ is a planar curvilinear polygon with $n$ non-convex corners then the Laplace operator with domain $H^2(\Omegasf)\cap H^1_0(\Omegasf)$ is a closed symmetric operator with deficiency indices $(n,n)$. Here we provide a Kre\uın-type resolvent formula for any self-adjoint extensions of such an operator, i.e. for the set of self-adjoint non-Friedrichs Dirichlet Laplacians on $\Omegasf$, and show that any element in this set is the norm resolvent limit of a suitable sequence of Friedrichs-Dirichlet Laplacians with $n$ point interactions.
The abstract theory of self-adjoint extensions of symmetric operators is used to construct self-adjoint realizations of a second-order elliptic operator on $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ with linear boundary conditions on (a relatively open part of) a compact hypersurface. Our approach allows to obtain Krein-like resolvent formulas where the reference operator coincides with the "free" operator with domain $H^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$; this provides an useful tool for the scattering problem from a hypersurface. Concrete examples of this construction are developed in connection with the standard boundary conditio…
First-order asymptotic perturbation theory for extensions of symmetric operators
本文利用辛几何与Krein公式建立对称算子自伴扩张的一阶渐近扰动理论，推导Riccati方程、特征值变分公式及谱流-Maslov指数关系，并应用于量子图等模型。
We prove that some non-self-adjoint differential operator admits factorization and apply this new representation of the operator to construct explicitly its domain. We also show that this operator is J-self-adjoint in some Krein space.
Singular Green operators G appear typically as boundary correction terms in resolvents for elliptic boundary value problems on a domain Ω\subset R^n, and more generally they appear in the calculus of pseudodifferential boundary problems. In particular, the boundary term in a Krein resolvent formula is a singular Green operator. It is well-known in smooth cases that when G is of negative order -t on a bounded domain, its eigenvalues or s-numbers have the behavior (*) s_j(G) \sim c j^{-t/(n-1)} for j\to \infty, governed by the boundary dimension n-1. In some nonsmooth cases, upper estimates (**)…
This note aims to give prominence to some new results on the absence and localization of eigenvalues for the Dirac and Klein-Gordon operators, starting from known resolvent estimates already established in the literature combined with the renowned Birman-Schwinger principle.
Let $Ω_-$ and $Ω_+$ be two bounded smooth domains in $\mathbb{R}^n$, $n\ge 2$, separated by a hypersurface $Σ$. For $μ>0$, consider the function $h_μ=1_{Ω_-}-μ1_{Ω_+}$. We discuss self-adjoint realizations of the operator $L_μ=-\nabla\cdot h_μ\nabla$ in $L^2(Ω_-\cupΩ_+)$ with the Dirichlet condition at the exterior boundary. We show that $L_μ$ is always essentially self-adjoint on the natural domain (corresponding to transmission-type boundary conditions at the interface $Σ$) and study some properties of its unique self-adjoint extension $\mathcal{L}_μ:=\overline{L_μ}$. If $μ\ne 1$, then $\mat…
In this note we investigate the asymptotic behaviour of the $s$-numbers of the resolvent difference of two generalized self-adjoint, maximal dissipative or maximal accumulative Robin Laplacians on a bounded domain $Ω$ with smooth boundary $\partialΩ$. For this we apply the recently introduced abstract notion of quasi boundary triples and Weyl functions from extension theory of symmetric operators together with Krein type resolvent formulae and well-known eigenvalue asymptotics of the Laplace-Beltrami operator on $\partialΩ$. It will be shown that the resolvent difference of two generalized Rob…
The Hamiltonian-Krein (instability) index is concerned with determining the number of eigenvalues with positive real part for the Hamiltonian eigenvalue problem $ J L u=λu$, where $J$ is skew-symmetric and $L$ is self-adjoint. If $J$ has a bounded inverse the index is well-established, and it is given by the number of negative eigenvalues of the operator $L$ constrained to act on some finite-codimensional subspace. There is an important class of problems - namely, those of KdV-type - for which $J$ does not have a bounded inverse. In this paper we overcome this difficulty and derive the index f…
We consider harmonic Toeplitz operators $T_V = PV:{\mathcal H}(Ω) \to {\mathcal H}(Ω)$ where $P: L^2(Ω) \to {\mathcal H}(Ω)$ is the orthogonal projection onto ${\mathcal H}(Ω) = \left\{u \in L^2(Ω)\,|\,Δu = 0 \; \mbox{in}\;Ω\right\}$, $Ω\subset {\mathbb R}^d$, $d \geq 2$, is a bounded domain with $\partial Ω\in C^\infty$, and $V: Ω\to {\mathbb C}$ is a suitable multiplier. First, we complement the known criteria which guarantee that $T_V$ is in the $p$th Schatten-von Neumann class $S_p$, by sufficient conditions which imply $T_V \in S_{p, {\rm w}}$, the weak counterpart of $S_p$. Next, we assu…
By developing the method of multipliers, we establish sufficient conditions which guarantee the total absence of eigenvalues of the Laplacian in the half-space, subject to variable complex Robin boundary conditions. As a further application of this technique, uniform resolvent estimates are derived under the same assumptions on the potential. Some of the results are new even in the self-adjoint setting, where we obtain quantum-mechanically natural conditions.
We prove uniform $L^p$ estimates for resolvents of higher order elliptic self-adjoint differential operators on compact manifolds without boundary, generalizing a corresponding resul of [3] in the case of Laplace-- Beltrami operators on Riemannian manifolds. In doing so, we follow the methods, developed in [1] very closely. We also show that spectral regions in our $L^p$ resolvent estimates are optimal.
We prove uniform resolvent estimates for an abstract operator given by a dissipative perturbation of a self-adjoint operator in the sense of forms. For this we adapt the commutators method of Mourre. We also obtain the limiting absorption principle and uniform estimates for the derivatives of the resolvent. This abstract work is motivated by the Schr{ö}dinger and wave equations on a wave guide with dissipation at the boundary.
We study the $L^p-L^q$-type uniform resolvent estimates for 2D-Schrödinger operators in scaling-critical magnetic fields, involving the Aharonov-Bohm model as a main example. As an application, we prove localization estimates for the eigenvalue of some non self-adjoint zero-order perturbations of the magnetic Hamiltonian.
In the setting of adjoint pairs of operators we consider the question: to what extent does the Weyl M-function see the same singularities as the resolvent of a certain restriction $A_B$ of the maximal operator? We obtain results showing that it is possible to describe explicitly certain spaces $\Sc$ and $\tilde{\Sc}$ such that the resolvent bordered by projections onto these subspaces is analytic everywhere that the M-function is analytic. We present three examples -- one involving a Hain-Lüst type operator, one involving a perturbed Friedrichs operator and one involving a simple ordinary diff…
We construct a parametrix of a resolvent of elliptic differential operators acting on half-densities on manifolds with ends. The construction is carried out by introducing suitable pseudodifferential operators compatible with the end structure. Our class of pseudodifferential operators and symbols is independent of the choice of Riemannian metric on the manifold and applicable to both of asymptotically conical and hyperbolic manifolds. As an application, we prove the essential self-adjointness of elliptic symmetric differential operators on manifolds.
We prove uniform $L^p$ resolvent estimates for the stationary damped wave operator. The uniform $L^p$ resolvent estimates for the Laplace operator on a compact smooth Riemannian manifold without boundary were first established by Dos Santos Ferreira-Kenig-Salo and advanced further by Bourgain-Shao-Sogge-Yao. Here we provide an alternative proof relying on the techniques of semiclassical Strichartz estimates. This approach allows us also to handle non-self-adjoint perturbations of the Laplacian and embeds very naturally in the semiclassical spectral analysis framework.
In this paper the spectral properties of Dirac operators $A_η$ with electrostatic $δ$-shell interactions of constant strength $η$ supported on compact smooth surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^3$ are studied. Making use of boundary triple techniques a Krein type resolvent formula and a Birman-Schwinger principle are obtained. With the help of these tools some spectral, scattering, and asymptotic properties of $A_η$ are investigated. In particular, it turns out that the discrete spectrum of $A_η$ inside the gap of the essential spectrum is finite, the difference of the third powers of the resolvents of $A…
Uniform resolvent estimates and absence of eigenvalues of biharmonic operators with complex potentials
本文研究维数大于四时带复位势的双调和算子，给出保证谱稳定的显式排斥性/小性条件，涵盖临界 Rellich 型位势，并在加权空间中建立均匀预解估计。
Generalized boundary triples for adjoint pairs with applications to non-self-adjoint Schrödinger operators
本文将广义边界三元组及Weyl函数推广至算子伴随对，给出诱导非空预解集闭算子的边界参数准则，并应用于具紧致边界的Lipschitz域上带复Lp势的Schrödinger算子。
In the paper we consider the linear inverse problem that consists in recovering the initial state in a first order evolution equation generated by a skew-adjoint operator. We studied the well-posedness of the inversion in terms of the observation operator and the spectra of the skew-adjoint generator. The stability estimate of the inversion can also be seen as a weak observability inequality. The proof of the main results is based on a new resolvent inequality and Fourier transform techniques which are of interest themselves.
Resolvent bounds and eigenvalue estimates of generalized Schrödinger operators with complex potentials on compact manifolds
本文将复势薛定谔算子的谱界推广至伪微分算子，通过预解原理结合Sogge谱簇界，得到外部与内部区域的预解估计，并在Zoll流形上讨论最优性。
In this paper we consider certain asymptotically Euclidean spaces, namely compact manifolds with boundary X equipped with a scattering metric g, as defined by Melrose. We then consider Hamiltonians H which are `short-range' self-adjoint perturbations of the Laplacian of g. Melrose and Zworski have given a detailed description of the associated scattering matrix and Poisson operator as a Fourier integral operator and a (singular) Legendre distribution respectively. In this paper we describe the kernel of the spectral projections and the boundary value of the resolvent at the real axis. We defin…
Let X be a compact manifold with boundary, and g a scattering metric on X, which may be either of short range or `gravitational' long range type. Thus, g gives X the geometric structure of a complete manifold with an asymptotically conic end. Let H be an operator of the form $H = Δ+ P$, where $Δ$ is the Laplacian with respect to g and P is a self-adjoint first order scattering differential operator with coefficients vanishing at the boundary of X and satisfying a `gravitational' condition. We define a symbol calculus for Legendre distributions on manifolds with codimension two corners and use …
In this note, we study existence of the outgoing/incoming resolvents of repulsive Schrödinger operators which may not be essentially self-adjoint on the Schwartz space. Moreover, we recover the classical result: The repulsive Schroödinger operators with large repulsive constant is not essentially self-adjoint on the Schwartz space.
Modal and nonmodal analyses of fluid flows provide fundamental insight into the early stages of transition to turbulence. Eigenvalues of the dynamical generator govern temporal growth or decay of individual modes, while singular values of the frequency response operator quantify the amplification of disturbances for linearly stable flows. In this paper, we develop well-conditioned ultraspherical and spectral integration methods for frequency response analysis of channel flows of Newtonian and viscoelastic fluids. Even if a discretization method is well-conditioned, we demonstrate that calculat…
Weak Observability Characterization for Abstract Wave Equations
研究由斜自伴算子生成的二阶无穷维演化系统的弱可观测性，通过引入谱强制性概念建立谱刻画，揭示椭圆算子预解式估计与演化生成元弱可观测性的联系，并在矩形域波动方程上应用得到弱可观测性估计。
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