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arXiv 0804.3096astro-ph
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磁动力射流理论

Theory of magnetically powered jets

H. C. Spruit

摘要:

磁吸积物体生产的喷流理论进行了审查,重点突出的问题领域。努力显示背后的连接偶尔分歧命名在文献中,对比不同的观点有关的基本机制,并强调概念解释数值模拟的结果。讨论了磁能耗散在加速流动中的作用,以及它对解释高洛伦兹因子的重要性。准直射流所观察到的狭窄的角度进行了讨论,包括一个关键的讨论“环向应力”的作用。磁盘和外流之间的过渡是磁理论的最不了解的部分之一,它的作用,在设置风中的质量通量,在可能的调制的质量通量,并在现实中对待它的不确定性进行了讨论。目前的观点对大多数这些问题仍然受到强烈影响的限制2维(轴对称)在以前的分析和数值计算工作; 3-D效果可能是重要的建议。一个令人感兴趣的问题领域是强磁场的性质和起源,已知强磁场最好是高度有序的磁场,最适合于射流产生。这些领域的观测证据和它们的行为在数值模拟进行了讨论。我认为,存在或不存在这样的领域很可能是“第二参数”管理不仅存在的射流,但也X射线光谱和定时行为的X射线双星。

英文摘要:

The magnetic theory for the production of jets by accreting objects is reviewed with emphasis on outstanding problem areas. An effort is made to show the connections behind the occasionally diverging nomenclature in the literature, to contrast the different points of view about basic mechanisms, and to highlight concepts for interpreting the results of numerical simulations. The role of dissipation of magnetic energy in accelerating the flow is discussed, and its importance for explaining high Lorentz factors. The collimation of jets to the observed narrow angles is discussed, including a critical discussion of the role of `hoop stress'. The transition between disk and outflow is one of the least understood parts of the magnetic theory; its role in setting the mass flux in the wind, in possible modulations of the mass flux, and the uncertainties in treating it realistically are discussed. Current views on most of these problems are still strongly influenced by the restriction to 2 dimensions (axisymmetry) in previous analytical and numerical work; 3-D effects likely to be important are suggested. An interesting problem area is the nature and origin of the strong, preferably highly ordered magnetic fields known to work best for jet production. The observational evidence for such fields and their behavior in numerical simulations is discussed. I argue that the presence or absence of such fields may well be the `second parameter' governing not only the presence of jets but also the X-ray spectra and timing behavior of X-ray binaries.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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