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arXiv 0804.1735physics.flu-dynphysics.space-ph
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湍流能量的概率分布

Probability distributions of turbulent energy

Mahdi Momeni, Wolf-Christian Müller

摘要:

在Navier-Stokes方程和不可压磁流体湍流的高分辨率直接数值模拟中,研究了尺度相关能量涨落的概率密度函数$P[δE(\ell)]$.考虑了有和没有强平均磁场的MHD流动。对于所有三个系统,发现惯性范围能量波动的PDF表现出自相似性和单标度性,与最近的太阳风测量结果一致[B]。Hnat等人,地球物理学家。保留信函29(10),86-1(2002)]。此外,能量PDF在湍流系统的所有尺度上表现出相似性,随着波动尺度的变化,没有实质性的形状变化。这与湍流速度波动的PDF的众所周知的行为相反。在考虑的所有三种情况下,$P[δE(\ell)]$类似于Lévy型伽玛分布$\sim Δ^{-1}\exp(-|δE|/Δ)|δE|^{-γ}$。观察到的伽玛分布表现出尺度依赖的宽度$Δ(\ell)$和系统依赖的$γ$。单标度性质反映了由于$δE$缺乏伽利略不变性而导致的Elsässer场涨落的惯性范围标度。一个简单的能量转移模型使列维分布的出现变得合理。

英文摘要:

Probability density functions (PDFs) of scale-dependent energy fluctuations, $P[δE(\ell)]$, are studied in high-resolution direct numerical simulations of Navier-Stokes and incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. MHD flows with and without a strong mean magnetic field are considered. For all three systems it is found that the PDFs of inertial range energy fluctuations exhibit self-similarity and monoscaling in agreement with recent solar-wind measurements [B. Hnat et al., Geophys. Res. Lett. 29(10), 86-1 (2002)]. Furthermore, the energy PDFs exhibit similarity over all scales of the turbulent system showing no substantial qualitative change of shape as the scale of the fluctuations varies. This is in contrast to the well-known behavior of PDFs of turbulent velocity fluctuations. In all three cases under consideration the $P[δE(\ell)]$ resemble Lévy-type gamma distributions $\sim Δ^{-1}\exp(-|δE|/Δ)|δE|^{-γ}$ The observed gamma distributions exhibit a scale-dependent width $Δ(\ell)$ and a system-dependent $γ$. The monoscaling property reflects the inertial-range scaling of the Elsässer-field fluctuations due to lacking Galilei invariance of $δE$. The appearance of Lévy distributions is made plausible by a simple model of energy transfer.

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