Masaaki Harada, Akihiro Munemasa
Ternary self-dual codes have been classified for lengths up to 20. At length 24, a classification of only extremal self-dual codes is known. In this paper, we give a complete classification of ternary self-dual codes of length 24 using the classification of 24-dimensional odd unimodular lattices.
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In this note, we give a new nonexistence result of ternary extremal self-dual codes.
In this note, we study the existence of Hadamard matrices of order $36$ formed by codewords of weight $36$ in some ternary near-extremal self-dual codes of length $36$.
In this note we report the classification of all symmetric 2-(36,15,6) designs that admit an automorphism of order 2 and their incidence matrices generate an extremal ternary self-dual code. It is shown that up to isomorphism, there exists only one such design, having a full automorphism group of order 24, and the ternary code spanned by its incidence matrix is equivalent to the Pless symmetry code.
Shimada and Zhang studied the existence of polarizations on some supersingular $K3$ surfaces by reducing the existence of the polarizations to that of ternary $[12,5]$ codes satisfying certain conditions. In this note, we give a classification of ternary $[12,5]$ codes satisfying the conditions. To do this, ternary $[10,5]$ codes are classified for minimum weights $3$ and $4$.
A word is level if each letter appears in it the same number of times, plus or minus 1. We give a complete characterization of the lengths for which level ternary circular square-free words exist. Key words: combinatorics on words, circular words, necklaces, square-free words, non-repetitive sequences
New examples of self-dual near-extremal ternary codes of length 48 derived from 2-(47,23,11) designs
针对长度48的自对偶近极值三元码在$A_{12}$其他取值下的存在性问题，利用带6阶自同构群的对称2-(47,23,11)设计，构造出150个新$A_{12}$取值的该类码，拓展了已知实例范围。
We study the performance of ternary isodual codes which are not self-dual and ternary self-dual codes, as measured by the decoding error probability in bounded distance decoding. We compare the performance of ternary double circulant and double twistulant codes which are not self-dual with ternary extremal self-dual codes. We also investigate the performance of ternary self-dual codes having large minimum weights.
Ternary near-extremal self-dual codes of lengths $36$, $48$ and $60$
本文针对长度36、48和60构造了具有新重量计数器的三元近极值自对偶码，填补了该类码此前未知存在的空白。
In 2013, Nebe and Villar gave a series of ternary self-dual codes of length $2(p+1)$ for a prime $p$ congruent to $5$ modulo $8$. As a consequence, the third ternary extremal self-dual code of length $60$ was found. We show that the ternary self-dual code contains codewords which form a Hadamard matrix of order $2(p+1)$ when $p$ is congruent to $5$ modulo $24$. In addition, it is shown that the ternary self-dual code is generated by the rows of the Hadamard matrix. We also demonstrate that the third ternary extremal self-dual code of length $60$ contains at least two inequivalent Hadamard matr…
Ternary extremal four-negacirculant self-dual codes
本文研究三元四负循环自对偶码，通过穷举搜索完成了长度40至60的极值码分类。
Classification of ternary maximal self-orthogonal codes of length 25
本文对长度为25的三元最大自正交码进行了完整分类，扩展了此前长度至24的分类结果。
We give restrictions on the weight enumerators of ternary near-extremal self-dual codes of length divisible by $12$ and quaternary near-extremal Hermitian self-dual codes of length divisible by $6$. We consider the weight enumerators for which there is a ternary near-extremal self-dual code of length $12m$ for $m =3,4,5,6$. Also we consider the weight enumerators for which there is a quaternary near-extremal Hermitian self-dual code of length $6m$ for $m =4,5,6$.
Domination numbers and homotopy in certain ternary graphs
本研究针对不含模3余0和模3余1诱导圈的三元图，证明其独立复形同伦等价的球面维数与独立控制数、控制数相关，并给出超图类比结论。
The study of constant-weight codes in $\ell_1$-metric was motivated by the duplication-correcting problem for data storage in live DNA. It is interesting to determine the maximum size of a code given the length $n$, weight $w$, minimum distance $d$ and the alphabet size $q$. In this paper, based on graph decompositions, we determine the maximum size of ternary codes with constant weight $w$ and distance $2w-2$ for all sufficiently large length $n$. Previously, this was known only for a very sparse family $n$ of density $4/w(w-1)$.
A square-free word $w$ over a fixed alphabet $Σ$ is extremal if every word obtained from $w$ by inserting a single letter from $Σ$ (at any position) contains a square. Grytczuk et al. recently introduced the concept of extremal square-free word, and demonstrated that there are arbitrarily long extremal square-free ternary words. We find all lengths which admit an extremal square-free ternary word. In particular, we show that there is an extremal square-free ternary word of every sufficiently large length. We also solve the analogous problem for circular words.
The dual codes of the ternary linear codes of the residual designs of biplanes on 56 points are used to prove the nonexistence of quasi-symmetric 2-$(56,12,9)$ and 2-$(57,12,11)$ designs with intersection numbers 0 and 3, and the nonexistence of a 2-$(267,57,12)$ quasi-3 design. The nonexistence of a 2-$(149,37,9)$ quasi-3 design is also proved.
It is proved that a code $L(q)$ which is monomially equivalent to the Pless symmetry code $C(q)$ of length $2q+2$ contains the (0,1)-incidence matrix of a Hadamard 3-$(2q+2,q+1,(q-1)/2)$ design $D(q)$ associated with a Paley-Hadamard matrix of type II. Similarly, any ternary extended quadratic residue code contains the incidence matrix of a Hadamard 3-design associated with a Paley-Hadamard matrix of type I. If $q=5, 11, 17, 23$, then the full permutation automorphism group of $L(q)$ coincides with the full automorphism group of $D(q)$, and a similar result holds for the ternary extended quadr…
In this paper, several classes of three-weight ternary linear codes from non-weakly regular dual-bent functions are constructed based on a generic construction method. Instead of the whole space, we use the subspaces $B_+(f)$ or $B_-(f)$ associated with a ternary non-weakly regular dual-bent function $f$. Unusually, we use the pre-image sets of the dual function $f^*$ in $B_+(f)$ or $B_-(f)$ as the defining sets of the corresponding codes. Since the size of the defining sets of the constructed codes is flexible, it enables us to construct several codes with different parameters for a fixed dim…
A weighing matrix $W$ of order $n=\frac{p^{m+1}-1}{p-1}$ and weight $p^m$ is constructed and shown that the rows of $W$ and $-W$ form optimal constant weight ternary codes of length $n$, weight $p^m$ and minimum distance $p^{m-1}(\frac{p+3}{2})$ for each odd prime power $p$ and integer $m\ge 1$ and thus $$A_3\left(\frac{p^{m+1}-1}{p-1},p^{m-1}\big(\frac{p+3}{2}\big),p^{m}\right)=2\big(\frac{p^{m+1}-1}{p-1}\big).$$
We enumerate all ternary length-l square-free words, which are words avoiding squares of words up to length l, for l<=24. We analyse the singular behaviour of the corresponding generating functions. This leads to new upper entropy bounds for ternary square-free words. We then consider ternary square-free words with fixed letter densities, thereby proving exponential growth for certain ensembles with various letter densities. We derive consequences for the free energy and entropy of ternary square-free words.
We give two methods for constructing many linear complementary dual (LCD for short) codes from a given LCD code, by modifying some known methods for constructing self-dual codes. Using the methods, we construct binary LCD codes and quaternary Hermitian LCD codes, which improve the previously known lower bound on the largest minimum weights.
Circular words are cyclically ordered finite sequences of letters. We give a computer-free proof of the following result by Currie: square-free circular words over the ternary alphabet exist for all lengths $l$ except for 5, 7, 9, 10, 14, and 17. Our proof reveals an interesting connection between ternary square-free circular words and closed walks in the $K_{3{,}3}$ graph. In addition, our proof implies an exponential lower bound on the number of such circular words of length $l$ and allows one to list all lengths $l$ for which such a circular word is unique up to isomorphism.
An enumeration of 1-perfect ternary codes
研究三元1-完美码的秩与双坐标切换等价性，并枚举了由长度9和4的码级联得到的长度为13的码，共发现93241327个等价类。
We show that any ternary Euclidean (resp.\ quaternary Hermitian) linear complementary dual $[n,k]$ code contains a Euclidean (resp.\ Hermitian) linear complementary dual $[n,k-1]$ subcode for $2 \le k \le n$. As a consequence, we derive a bound on the largest minimum weights among ternary Euclidean linear complementary dual codes and quaternary Hermitian linear complementary dual codes.
Coding theory and $t$-designs have close connections and interesting interplay. In this paper, we first introduce a class of ternary linear codes and study their parameters. We then focus on their three-weight subcodes with a special weight distribution. We determine the weight distributions of some shortened codes and punctured codes of these three-weight subcodes. These shortened and punctured codes contain some codes that have the same parameters as the best ternary linear codes known in the database maintained by Markus Grassl at http://www.codetables.de/. These three-weight subcodes with …
The sizes of optimal constant-composition codes of weight three have been determined by Chee, Ge and Ling with four cases in doubt. Group divisible codes played an important role in their constructions. In this paper, we study the problem of constructing optimal ternary constant-composition codes with Hamming weight four and minimum distance six. The problem is solved with a small number of lengths undetermined. The previously known results are those with code length no greater than 10.
Linear complementary dual (LCD) codes are linear codes that intersect with their dual codes trivially. We study the largest minimum weight $d_2(n,k)$ among all binary LCD $[n,k]$ codes and the largest minimum weight $d_3(n,k)$ among all ternary LCD $[n,k]$ codes. The largest minimum weights $d_2(n,5)$ and $d_3(n,4)$ are partially determined. We also determine the largest minimum weights $d_2(n,n-5)$, $d_3(n,n-i)$ for $i \in \{2,3,4\}$, and $d_3(n,k)$ for $n \in \{11,12,\ldots,19\}$.
From cosets of binary Hamming codes we construct diameter perfect constant-weight ternary codes with weight $n-1$ (where $n$ is the code length) and distances 3 and 5. The class of distance 5 codes has parameters unknown before. Keywords: constant-weight codes, ternary codes, perfect codes, diameter perfect codes, perfect matchings, Preparata codes
New infinite families of uniformly packed near-MDS codes and multiple coverings, based on the ternary Golay code
本研究以三元完美Golay码及其扩展、删截码为起始码，通过m提升构造出5个新的广义均匀填充近MDS码无限族，它们同时是最远点的几乎完美多重覆盖，并证明了相关通用定理。
Linear programming bounds for binary and ternary LCD Codes
本文利用Gauss相位将LCD码条件转化为线性约束，构建增强线性规划，在二元和三元码上系统强化了Hamming界，并取得四项严格改进。
We give a complete classification of binary linear complementary dual codes of lengths up to $13$ and ternary linear complementary dual codes of lengths up to $10$.
It has been observed by Assmus and Key as a result of the complete classification of Hadamard matrices of order 24, that the extremality of the binary code of a Hadamard matrix H of order 24 is equivalent to the extremality of the ternary code of H^T. In this note, we present two proofs of this fact, neither of which depends on the classification. One is a consequence of a more general result on the minimum weight of the dual of the code of a Hadamard matrix. The other relates the lattices obtained from the binary code and from the ternary code. Both proofs are presented in greater generality …
Hadamard matrices of orders 60 and 64 with automorphisms of orders 29 and 31
本文分类了 p=29、31 时具有 p 阶自同构的 2p+2 阶 Hadamard 矩阵，并据此构造计算，发现了若干新的三元及二元近极值自对偶码。
Cyclic codes are a subclass of linear codes and have applications in consumer electronics, data storage systems and communication systems as they have efficient encoding and decoding algorithms. In this paper, we settle an open problem about a class of optimal ternary cyclic codes which was proposed by Ding and Helleseth. Let $C_{(1,e)}$ be a cyclic code of length $3^m-1$ over GF(3) with two nonzeros $α$ and $α^e$, where $α$ is a generator of $GF(3^m)^*$ and e is a given integer. It is shown that $C_{(1,e)}$ is optimal with parameters $[3^m-1,3^m-1-2m,4]$ if one of the following conditions is …
In this work, we introduce the concept of distance between self-dual codes, which generalizes the concept of a neighbor for self-dual codes. Using the k-neighbors, we are able to construct extremal binary self-dual codes of length 68 with new weight enumerators. We construct 143 extremal binary self-dual codes of length 68 with new weight enumerators including 42 codes with gamma=8 in their W_{68,2} and 40 with gamma=9 in their W_{68,2}. These examples are the first in the literature for these gamma values. This completes the theoretical list of possible values for gamma in W_{68,2}.
Exceptional designs in some extended quadratic residue codes
本文证明了长度为14的扩展三元二次剩余码和长度为18的扩展四元二次剩余码中存在3-设计。
For nonnegative integers $n_2, n_3$ and $d$, let $N(n_2,n_3,d)$ denote the maximum cardinality of a code of length $n_2+n_3$, with $n_2$ binary coordinates and $n_3$ ternary coordinates (in this order) and with minimum distance at least $d$. For a nonnegative integer $k$, let $\mathcal{C}_k$ denote the collection of codes of cardinality at most $k$. For $D \in \mathcal{C}_k$, define $S(D) := \{C \in \mathcal{C}_k \mid D \subseteq C, |D| +2|C\setminus D| \leq k\}$. Then $N(n_2,n_3,d)$ is upper bounded by the maximum value of $\sum_{v \in [2]^{n_2}[3]^{n_3}}x(\{v\})$, where $x$ is a function $\m…
A complete classification of binary self-dual codes of length 36 is given.
A complete classification of binary doubly even self-dual codes of length 40 is given. As a consequence, a classification of binary extremal self-dual codes of length 38 is also given.
A classification of quaternary Hermitian self-dual codes of length 20 is given. Using this classification, a classification of extremal quaternary Hermitian self-dual codes of length 22 is also given.
A classification of extremal double circulant self-dual codes of lengths up to $88$ is known. We give a classification of extremal double circulant self-dual codes of lengths $90,92,94$ and $96$. We also classify double circulant self-dual codes with parameters $[90,45,14]$ and $[96,48,16]$. In addition, we demonstrate that no double circulant self-dual $[90,45,14]$ code has an extremal self-dual neighbor, and no double circulant self-dual $[96,45,16]$ code has a self-dual neighbor with minimum weight at least $18$.
In this work, connected cubic planar bipartite graphs and related binary self-dual codes are studied. Binary self-dual codes of length 16 are obtained by face-vertex incidence matrices of these graphs. By considering their lifts to the ring R_2 new extremal binary self-dual codes of lengths 64 are constructed as Gray images. More precisely, we construct 15 new codes of length 64. Moreover, 10 new codes of length 66 were obtained by applying a building-up construction to the binary codes. Codes with these weight enumerators are constructed for the first time in the literature. The results are t…
In this work, we apply the idea of composite matrices arising from group rings to derive a number of different techniques for constructing self-dual codes over finite commutative Frobenius rings. By applying these techniques over different alphabets, we construct best known singly-even binary self-dual codes of lengths 80, 84 and 96 as well as doubly-even binary self-dual codes of length 96 that were not known in the literature before.
In this note, we demonstrate that every binary doubly even self-dual code of length $40$ can be realized as the residue code of some extremal Type II $\mathbb{Z}_4$-code. As a consequence, it is shown that there are at least $94356$ inequivalent extremal Type II $\mathbb{Z}_4$-codes of length $40$.
For lengths $64$ and $66$, we construct extremal singly even self-dual codes with weight enumerators for which no extremal singly even self-dual codes were previously known to exist. We also construct new $40$ inequivalent extremal doubly even self-dual $[64,32,12]$ codes with covering radius $12$ meeting the Delsarte bound.
In this work, we give a new technique for constructing self-dual codes over commutative Frobenius rings using $λ$-circulant matrices. The new construction was derived as a modification of the well-known four circulant construction of self-dual codes. Applying this technique together with the building-up construction, we construct singly-even binary self-dual codes of lengths 56, 58, 64, 80 and 92 that were not known in the literature before. Singly-even self-dual codes of length 80 with $β\in\{2,4,5,6,8\}$ in their weight enumerators are constructed for the first time in the literature.
In this work, we give three new techniques for constructing Hermitian self-dual codes over commutative Frobenius rings with a non-trivial involutory automorphism using $λ$-circulant matrices. The new constructions are derived as modifications of various well-known circulant constructions of self-dual codes. Applying these constructions together with the building-up construction, we construct many new best known quaternary Hermitian self-dual codes of lengths 26, 32, 36, 38 and 40.
In this work, new construction methods for self-dual codes are given. The methods use the short Kharaghani array and a variation of it. These are applicable to any commutative Frobenius ring. We apply the constructions over the ring F_2 + uF_2 and self-dual Type I [64, 32, 12]_2-codes with various weight enumerators obtained as Gray images. By the use of an extension theorem for self-dual codes we were able to construct 27 new extremal binary self-dual codes of length 68. The existence of the extremal binary self-dual codes with these weight enumerators was previously unknown.
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