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arXiv 0802.4246quant-ph
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用于量子态工程的耦合希尔伯特空间镜的物理实现

Physical realization of coupled Hilbert-space mirrors for quantum-state engineering

E. S. Kyoseva, N. V. Vitanov, B. W. Shore

摘要:

离散量子态叠加的操纵在N维希尔伯特空间中单位长度态矢量的运动中有数学对应物。任何这样的状态矢量运动都可以看作是一系列的二维旋转。但是,所需的状态向量变化也可以被视为一系列反射,即Householder变换的推广。在多维希尔伯特空间中,这种反射序列提供了比旋转序列更有效的状态向量操作程序。我们在这里展示了如何可以设计这样的反射系统与两个退化的水平-传统的两态原子的推广-允许角动量状态的传播子的建设。我们使用Morris-Shore变换来表达传播子的Morris-Shore基态和Cayley-Klein参数,这使我们能够将激光脉冲的性质与希尔伯特空间运动联系起来。在适当的耦合和公共失谐条件下,每组简并态内的传播子表示广义Householder反射与正交矢量的乘积。我们提出了这种新的几何物体的物理实现共振,近共振和远共振激光脉冲。我们给出了几个在真实原子或分子中实现的例子。

英文摘要:

Manipulation of superpositions of discrete quantum states has a mathematical counterpart in the motion of a unit-length statevector in an N-dimensional Hilbert space. Any such statevector motion can be regarded as a succession of two-dimensional rotations. But the desired statevector change can also be treated as a succession of reflections, the generalization of Householder transformations. In multidimensional Hilbert space such reflection sequences offer more efficient procedures for statevector manipulation than do sequences of rotations. We here show how such reflections can be designed for a system with two degenerate levels - a generalization of the traditional two-state atom - that allows the construction of propagators for angular momentum states. We use the Morris-Shore transformation to express the propagator in terms of Morris-Shore basis states and Cayley-Klein parameters, which allows us to connect properties of laser pulses to Hilbert-space motion. Under suitable conditions on the couplings and the common detuning, the propagators within each set of degenerate states represent products of generalized Householder reflections, with orthogonal vectors. We propose physical realizations of this novel geometrical object with resonant, near-resonant and far-off-resonant laser pulses. We give several examples of implementations in real atoms or molecules.

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