In this paper, we give an integral representation for the boundary values of derivatives of functions of the de Branges--Rovnyak spaces $\HH(b)$, where $b$ is in the unit ball of $H^\infty(\CC_+)$. In particular, we generalize a result of Ahern--Clark obtained for functions of the model spaces $K_b$, where $b$ is an inner function. Using hypergeometric series, we obtain a nontrivial formula of combinatorics for sums of binomial coefficients. Then we apply this formula to show the norm convergence of reproducing kernel $k_{ω,n}^b$ of the evaluation of $n$-th derivative of elements of $\HH(b)$ at the point $ω$ as it tends radially to a point of the real axis.
Using an explicit construction, we show that the de Branges-Rovnyak spaces $\mathscr{H}(b)$, corresponding to rational $b$, are contained in their associated Smirnov classes.
We show that there exists a de Branges-Rovnyak space $\mathcal{H}(b)$ on the unit disk containing a function $f$ with the following property: even though $f$ can be approximated by polynomials in $\mathcal{H}(b)$, neither the Taylor partial sums of $f$ nor their Cesàro, Abel, Borel or logarithmic means converge to $f$ in $\mathcal{H}(b)$. A key tool is a new abstract result showing that, if one regular summability method includes another for scalar sequences, then it automatically does so for certain Banach-space-valued sequences too.
We consider Dirichlet spaces with superharmonic weights. This class contains both the harmonic weights and the power weights. Our main result is a characterization of the Dirichlet spaces with superharmonic weights that can be identified as de Branges-Rovnyak spaces. As an application, we obtain the dilation inequality \[ {\cal D}_ω(f_r)\le \frac{2r}{1+r}{\cal D}_ω(f) \qquad(0\le r<1), \] where ${\cal D}_ω$ denotes the Dirichlet integral with superharmonic weight $ω$, and $f_r(z):=f(rz)$ is the $r$-dilation of the holomorphic function $f$.
Weighted composition operators on de Branges-Rovnyak spaces
Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8524 - Laboratoire Paul Painlevé（里尔大学）；Department of Mathematics, An–Najah National University（纳贾赫国立大学）；Département de mathématiques et de statistique, Université Laval（拉瓦尔大学）
In this paper, we study the cyclicity problem with respect to the forward shift operator $S_b$ acting on the de Branges--Rovnyak space $\mathscr{H}(b)$ associated to a function $b$ in the closed unit ball of $H^\infty$ and satisfying $\log(1-|b|)\in L^1(\mathbb T)$. We present a characterisation of cyclic vectors for $S_b$ when $b$ is a rational function which is not a finite Blaschke product. This characterisation can be derived from the description, given in [S. Luo, C. Gu, S. Richter, Higher order local Dirichlet integrals and de Branges--Rovnyak spaces, \emph{Adv. Math., \textbf{385} (2021…
Littlewood subordination for de Branges--Rovnyak spaces
Université de Lille（里尔大学）；Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, IMB（波尔多大学，法国国家科学研究中心，波尔多国立理工学院，IMB）；Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Richmond（里士满大学数学与统计系）；Simion Stoilow Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy（罗马尼亚科学院西蒙·斯托伊洛数学研究所）
In this paper we begin the study of Schur analysis and de Branges-Rovnyak spaces in the framework of Fueter hyperholomorphic functions. The difference with other approaches is that we consider the class of functions spanned by Appell-like polynomials. This approach is very efficient from various points of view, for example in operator theory, and allows to make connections with the recently developed theory of slice polyanalytic functions. We tackle a number of problems: we describe a Hardy space, Schur multipliers and related results. We also discuss Blaschke functions, Herglotz multipliers a…
Let $B_n$ denote the unit ball of $\mathbb{C}^n$, $n\ge 1$, and let $\mathcal{D}$ denote a finite product of $B_{n_j}$, $j\ge 1$. Given a non-constant holomorphic function $b: \mathcal{D} \to B_1$, we study the corresponding family $σ_α[b]$, $α\in\partial B_1$, of Clark measures on the distinguished boundary $\partial\mathcal{D}$. We construct a natural unitary operator from the de Branges-Rovnyak space $\mathcal{H}(b)$ onto the Hardy space $H^2(σ_α)$. As an application, for $\mathcal{D}= B_n$ and an inner function $I: B_n \to B_1$, we show that the property $σ_1[I]\llσ_1[b]$ is directly relat…
In most classical holomorphic function spaces on the unit disk in which the polynomials are dense, a function $f$ can be approximated in norm by its dilates $f_r(z):=f(rz)~(r<1)$, in other words, $\lim_{r\to1^-}\|f_r-f\|=0$. We construct a de Branges-Rovnyak space ${\mathcal H}(b)$ in which the polynomials are dense, and a function $f\in{\mathcal H}(b)$ such that $\lim_{r\to1^-}\|f_r\|_{{\mathcal H}(b)}=\infty$. The essential feature of our construction lies in the fact that $b$ is an outer function.
For the class of de Branges-Rovnyak spaces $\mathcal{H}(b)$ of the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ defined by extreme points $b$ of the unit ball of $H^\infty$, we study the problem of approximation of a general function in $\mathcal{H}(b)$ by a function with an extension to the unit circle $\mathbb{T}$ of some degree of smoothness, for instance satisfying Hölder estimates or being differentiable. We will exhibit connections between this question and the theory of subnormal operators and, in particular, we will tie the possibility of smooth approximations to properties of invariant subspaces of a certa…
Composition operators between de Branges-Rovnyak and Hardy spaces
St. Petersburg Department of Steklov Mathematical Institute（圣彼得堡斯捷克洛夫数学研究所圣彼得堡分部）；Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping（阿纳托利·马卡罗夫海船与内河航运国立大学）
We apply the theory of de Branges-Rovnyak spaces to describe kernels of some Toeplitz operators on the classical Hardy space $H^2$. In particular, we discuss the kernels of the operators $T_{\bar f/ f}$ and $T_{\bar I\bar f/ f}$, where $f$ is an outer function in $H^2$ and $I$ is inner such that $I(0)=0$. We also obtain results on de Branges-Rovnyak spaces generated by nonextreme functions.
We describe the radial Fock type spaces which possess Riesz bases of normalized reproducing kernels and which are (are not) isomorphic to de Branges spaces in terms of the weight functions.
Cauchy-de Branges spaces are Hilbert spaces of entire functions defined in terms of Cauchy transforms of discrete measures on the plane and generalizing the classical de Branges theory. We consider extensions of two important properties of de Branges spaces to this, more general, setting. First, we discuss geometric properties (completeness, Riesz bases) of systems of reproducing kernels corresponding to the zeros of certain entire functions associated to the space. In the case of de Branges spaces they correspond to orthogonal bases of reproducing kernels. The second theme of the paper is a c…
In this paper we extend vessel theory, or equivalently, the theory of overdetermined $2D$ systems to the Pontryagin space setting. We focus on realization theorems of the various characteristic functions associated to such vessels. In particular, we develop an indefinite version of de Branges-Rovnyak theory over real compact Riemann surfaces. To do so, we use the theory of contractions in Pontryagin spaces and the theory of analytic kernels with a finite number of negative squares. Finally, we utilize the indefinite de Branges-Rovnyak theory on compact Riemann surfaces in order to prove a Beur…
Using the notion of commutative operator vessels, this work investigates de Branges-Rovnyak spaces whose elements are sections of a line bundle of multiplicative half-order differentials on a compact real Riemann surface. As a special case, we obtain a Beurling-Lax type theorem in the setting of the corresponding Hardy space on a finite bordered Riemann surface.
We solve completely the spectral synthesis problem for reproducing kernels in the de Branges spaces $\mathcal{H}(E)$. Namely, we describe the de Branges spaces $\mathcal{H}(E)$ such that all $M$-bases of reproducing kernels (i.e., complete and minimal systems $\{k_λ\}_{λ\inΛ}$ with complete biorthogonal $\{g_λ\}_{λ\inΛ}$) are strong $M$-bases (i.e., every mixed system $\{k_λ\}_{λ\inΛ\setminus\tilde Λ} \cup\{g_λ\}_{λ\in \tilde Λ}$ is also complete). Surprisingly this property takes place only for two essentially different classes of de Branges spaces: spaces with finite spectral measure and spa…
Carathéodory functions, i.e. functions analytic in the open upper half-plane and with a positive real part there, play an important role in operator theory, $1D$ system theory and in the study of de Branges-Rovnyak spaces. The Herglotz integral representation theorem associates to each Carathéodory function a positive measure on the real line and hence allows to further examine these subjects. In this paper, we study these relations when the Riemann sphere is replaced by a real compact Riemann surface. The generalization of Herglotz's theorem to the compact real Riemann surface setting is pres…
We show that if $u$ is a compactly supported distribution on the complex plane such that, for every pair of entire functions $f,g$, \[ \langle u,f\overline{g}\rangle=\langle u,f\rangle\langle u,\overline{g}\rangle, \] then $u$ is supported at a single point. As an application, we complete the classification of all weighted Dirichlet spaces on the unit disk that are de Branges-Rovnyak spaces by showing that, for such spaces, the weight is necessarily a superharmonic function.
We study the point process given by the set of real zeros of random sums of orthonormal bases of reproducing kernels of de Branges spaces. Examples of these kernels are the cardinal sine, Airy and Bessel kernels. We find an explicit formula for the first intensity function in terms of the phase of the Hermite-Biehler function. We prove that the first intensity of the point process completely characterizes the underlying de Branges space. This result is a real version of the so called Calabi rigidity for GAFs proved by M. Sodin.
We study the boundedness of composition operators on the bidisk using reproducing kernels. We show that a composition operator is bounded on the Hardy space of the bidisk if some associated function is a positive kernel. This positivity condition naturally leads to the study of the sub-Hardy Hilbert spaces of the bidisk, which are analogs of de Branges-Rovnyak spaces on the unit disk. We discuss multipliers of those spaces and obtain some classes of bounded composition operators on the bidisk.
We study the invariant subspaces generated by inner functions for a class of $\mathcal{P}^t(μ)$-spaces which can be identified as spaces of analytic functions in the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$, where $μ$ is a measure supported in the closed unit disk and $\mathcal{P}^t(μ)$ is the span of analytic polynomials in the usual Lebesgue space $L^t(μ)$. Our measures define a range of spaces somewhere in between the Hardy and the Bergman spaces, and our results are thus a mixture of results from these two theories. For a large class of measures $μ$ we characterize the cyclic inner functions, and exhibit so…
This paper focuses on representations of contractively embedded invariant subspaces in several variables. We present a version of the de Branges theorem for $n$-tuples of multiplication operators by the coordinate functions on analytic reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces over the unit ball $\mathbb{B}^n$ and the Hardy space over the unit polydics $\mathbb{D}^n$ in $\mathbb{C}^n$.
Hyperpositive functions, sector bounded functions and a trace formula
Schmid College of Science and Technology Chapman University（查普曼大学施密德科学与技术学院）；School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev（内盖夫本-古里安大学电气与计算机工程学院）
