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arXiv 0802.0403physics.soc-phphysics.flu-dyn
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城市道路网交通信号灯与车流的自控制

Self-Control of Traffic Lights and Vehicle Flows in Urban Road Networks

Stefan Lämmer, Dirk Helbing

摘要:

基于流体动力学和多粒子(跟驰)模拟的交通流在(城市)网络,我们研究协调问题的不相容交通流在交叉口。受瓶颈处行人流自组织振荡现象的观察启发[D. Helbing和P. Molnár,Phys. Eev. E51(1995)4282- 4286]中,我们提出了一种自组织的交通灯控制方法。该问题可以看作是车辆和交通灯之间的相互作用的多智能体问题。具体来说,我们的方法假设一个基于优先级的控制交通灯的车辆流量本身,考虑到短视的预期的车辆流量和排。所考虑的局部相互作用导致紧急协调模式,如“绿波”,并实现有效的,分散的交通灯控制。虽然所提出的自我控制适应灵活地适应当地的流量条件,并经常导致非周期性的切换模式与不同的交通流的服务序列的变化,几乎周期性的服务可能会演变在某些条件下,并建议存在一个自发的交通灯的同步,尽管由于可变的车辆队列和行驶时间的不同延迟。自组织交通灯控制是基于一个优化和稳定的规则,其中每一个表现不佳,在高利用率的道路网络,而他们的适当组合达到了优越的性能。其结果是不仅大大减少了平均旅行时间,而且减少了旅行时间的变化。类似的控制方法也可应用于物流和生产过程的协调。

英文摘要:

Based on fluid-dynamic and many-particle (car-following) simulations of traffic flows in (urban) networks, we study the problem of coordinating incompatible traffic flows at intersections. Inspired by the observation of self-organized oscillations of pedestrian flows at bottlenecks [D. Helbing and P. Molnár, Phys. Eev. E 51 (1995) 4282--4286], we propose a self-organization approach to traffic light control. The problem can be treated as multi-agent problem with interactions between vehicles and traffic lights. Specifically, our approach assumes a priority-based control of traffic lights by the vehicle flows themselves, taking into account short-sighted anticipation of vehicle flows and platoons. The considered local interactions lead to emergent coordination patterns such as ``green waves'' and achieve an efficient, decentralized traffic light control. While the proposed self-control adapts flexibly to local flow conditions and often leads to non-cyclical switching patterns with changing service sequences of different traffic flows, an almost periodic service may evolve under certain conditions and suggests the existence of a spontaneous synchronization of traffic lights despite the varying delays due to variable vehicle queues and travel times. The self-organized traffic light control is based on an optimization and a stabilization rule, each of which performs poorly at high utilizations of the road network, while their proper combination reaches a superior performance. The result is a considerable reduction not only in the average travel times, but also of their variation. Similar control approaches could be applied to the coordination of logistic and production processes.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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