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arXiv 0801.2160astro-ph
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AGN在星系红移z~1处色变中的作用

The role of AGN in the colour transformation of galaxies at redshifts z~1

A. Georgakakis, K. Nandra, R. Yan, S. P. Willner, J. M. Lotz, C. M. Pierce, M. C. Cooper, E. S. Laird, D. C. Koo, P. Barmby, J. A. Newman, J. R. Primack, A. L. Coil

摘要:

我们探索活动星系核在建立和/或维持星系双峰颜色分布方面的作用,方法是猝灭星系的恒星形成,从而导致星系从蓝色云转变为红色云。这一假设的重要检验包括:(i)两个星云之间过渡区星系的X射线特性;(ii)活动星系核在恒星爆发后的入射率,即在恒星形成结束后不久(<1 Gyr)观察到的系统。我们进行这些测试相结合的深钱德拉观测与多波长数据从AEGIS调查。将X射线光子堆积在星系(0.4<z<0.9)的位置上,而这些星系在X射线波长下没有被单独探测到,这表明在过渡区和红色云中的源中存在着一群被遮蔽的活动星系核。它们的平均X射线和中红外特性与中等遮蔽的低光度活动星系核、康普顿厚源或两者的混合一致。形态学表明,主要的合并是不太可能推动这一人口的演变,但轻微的相互作用可能发挥作用。在红色星云中活动星系核被遮蔽的发生率(直接探测和叠加结果)表明,BH吸积的寿命超过了恒星形成的终止。这也支持了我们的发现,在z~0.8和AGN星暴后星系相关联,在低z最近的结果一致。大部分的恒星暴增后星系和红云星系显示出至少中等程度的活动星系核遮蔽的证据。这意味着,如果活动星系核流出导致星系的颜色变化,那么一些核气体和尘埃云要么不受影响,要么在恒星形成淬灭后松弛到星系中心区域。

英文摘要:

We explore the role of AGN in establishing and/or maintaining the bimodal colour distribution of galaxies by quenching their star-formation and hence, causing their transition from the blue to the red cloud. Important tests for this scenario include (i) the X-ray properties of galaxies in the transition zone between the two clouds and (ii) the incidence of AGN in post-starbursts, i.e. systems observed shortly after (<1Gyr) the termination of their star-formation. We perform these tests by combining deep Chandra observations with multiwavelength data from the AEGIS survey. Stacking the X-ray photons at the positions of galaxies (0.4<z<0.9) not individually detected at X-ray wavelengths suggests a population of obscured AGN among sources in the transition zone and in the red cloud. Their mean X-ray and mid-IR properties are consistent with moderately obscured low-luminosity AGN, Compton thick sources or a mix of both. Morphologies show that major mergers are unlikely to drive the evolution of this population but minor interactions may play a role. The incidence of obscured AGN in the red cloud (both direct detections and stacking results) suggests that BH accretion outlives the termination of the star-formation. This is also supported by our finding that post-starburst galaxies at z~0.8 and AGN are associated, in agreement with recent results at low-z. A large fraction of post-starbursts and red cloud galaxies show evidence for at least moderate levels of AGN obscuration. This implies that if AGN outflows cause the colour transformation of galaxies, then some nuclear gas and dust clouds either remain unaffected or relax to the central galaxy regions after the quenching their star-formation.

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