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arXiv 0801.0752astro-ph
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超贫金属恒星可能是化学性质特殊的,与第一颗恒星无关吗?

Could the Ultra Metal-poor Stars be Chemically Peculiar and Not Related to the First Stars?

K. A. Venn, D. L. Lambert

摘要:

化学奇特的恒星定义了一类由于恒星光球效应而不是由于出生变化而显示出不寻常元素丰度的恒星。本文比较了金属丰度为[Fe/H] $\sim -5 $的超贫金属星与一个化学特殊星亚类的元素丰度图。这些恒星包括后AGB恒星、金牛座RV变星和牧夫座λ恒星,它们的质量、年龄、双星和演化状态都不一样,但铁丰度测定值可以低至[Fe/H] $\sim -5$。这些化学特性被解释为由于气体和尘埃在恒星表面之外的分离,然后是尘埃耗尽气体的吸积。与此相反,超贫金属恒星中的元素丰度被认为代表了最贫金属超新星的产量,因此,在观测上限制了宇宙中化学演化的最早阶段。超贫金属星光球中元素的丰度似乎与该元素的凝聚温度有关;如果是这样,那么它们的CNO丰度表明真正的金属丰度为[X/H]~-2至-4,而不是它们目前的金属丰度[Fe/H] <-5。

英文摘要:

Chemically peculiar stars define a class of stars that show unusual elemental abundances due to stellar photospheric effects and not due to natal variations. In this paper, we compare the elemental abundance patterns of the ultra metal-poor stars with metallicities [Fe/H] $\sim -5 $ to those of a subclass of chemically peculiar stars. These include post-AGB stars, RV Tauri variable stars, and the Lambda Bootis stars, which range in mass, age, binarity, and evolutionary status, yet can have iron abundance determinations as low as [Fe/H] $\sim -5$. These chemical peculiarities are interpreted as due to the separation of gas and dust beyond the stellar surface, followed by the accretion of dust depleted-gas. Contrary to this, the elemental abundances in the ultra metal-poor stars are thought to represent yields of the most metal-poor supernova and, therefore, observationally constrain the earliest stages of chemical evolution in the Universe. The abundance of the elements in the photospheres of the ultra metal-poor stars appear to be related to the condensation temperature of that element; if so, then their CNO abundances suggest true metallicities of [X/H]~ -2 to -4, rather than their present metallicities of [Fe/H] < -5.

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