彗星8 P/Tuttle的特殊挥发性成分：化学性质不同的彗星子的接触双星？
The Peculiar Volatile Composition of Comet 8P/Tuttle: A Contact Binary of Chemically Distinct Cometesimals?
摘要：
我们报告了八个本地（即，直接从彗星核释放）挥发物（H2O，HCN，CH 4，C2 H2，C2 H6，CO，H2 CO和CH 3OH）在彗星8 P/塔特尔使用NIRSPEC在凯克2。塔特尔彗星揭示了一种真正不寻常的成分，与迄今为止在红外波长下观察到的任何彗星都不同。甲醇相对于水的显著富集与其他分子，特别是C2 H2和HCN的消耗形成对比。我们认为，核的8 P/Tuttle可能包含两个cometesimals特征在于不同的挥发性成分。8 P/Tuttle中C2/CN、C2/OH和CN/OH的相对丰度（在光学/近紫外波长下测量）与本研究中发现的其潜在母体（C2 H2/HCN、C2 H2/H2O和HCN/H2O）的混合比有很大不同。基于这种比较，我们的研究结果不支持C2 H2和HCN分别为C2和CN在Tuttle的主要前体。在8 P/Tuttle中观察到的独特的天然成分（与其他彗星相比）为储存在彗星核中的挥发性物质的化学多样性提供了新的有力证据。我们讨论的影响，这种多样性的预期变化，在彗星之间的水的氘富集。
英文摘要：
We report measurements of eight native (i.e., released directly from the comet nucleus) volatiles (H2O, HCN, CH4, C2H2, C2H6, CO, H2CO, and CH3OH) in comet 8P/Tuttle using NIRSPEC at Keck 2. Comet Tuttle reveals a truly unusual composition, distinct from that of any comet observed to date at infrared wavelengths. The prominent enrichment of methanol relative to water contrasts the depletions of other molecules, especially C2H2 and HCN. We suggest that the nucleus of 8P/Tuttle may contain two cometesimals characterized by distinct volatile composition. The relative abundances C2/CN, C2/OH, and CN/OH in 8P/Tuttle (measured at optical/near-UV wavelengths) differ substantially from the mixing ratios of their potential parents (C2H2/HCN, C2H2/H2O, and HCN/H2O) found in this work. Based on this comparison, our results do not support C2H2 and HCN being the principal precursors for respectively C2 and CN in Tuttle. The peculiar native composition observed in 8P/Tuttle (compared to other comets) provides new strong evidence for chemical diversity in the volatile materials stored in comet nuclei. We discuss the implications of this diversity for expected variations in the deuterium enrichment of water among comets.
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